How it all began: the rise of listing requirements on the London, Berlin, Paris, and New York stock exchanges

The issue of accounting standards for foreign securities listed on a stock exchange arose gradually over the period 1825-1914 among the leading exchanges in the first global financial market—London, New York, Paris, and Berlin. Comparing their listing requirements on the eve of World War I, we find that the London and New York exchanges were most detailed, reflecting their common-law legal environments and their status as self-regulating organizations. The evolution of listing requirements in London and New York therefore influenced the development of accounting standards in those countries. By contrast, Paris and Berlin relied on validation of a security by political authorities. One result of these differences in legal and political environments was that American railroads issued the only securities to be listed on each of the four exchanges.     

新巴塞尔协议及其对我国银行业的影响

自 1999年 6月首次征求意见稿面世以来 ,新巴塞尔协议已引起国际银行界的普遍关注。与1988年协议相比 ,新协议的内容更广泛、更复杂 ,这充分地反映了银行业的进步。毫无疑问 ,新协议的实施与推广也必将给银行业带来深刻的影响。本文在简要介绍新协议主要更新内容的基础上重点分析了它给我国银行业所带来的影响。     

新制度经济学的兴起对发展经济学的影响

由于其前期的理论没有能够成功地引导广大发展中国家从贫穷走向富裕，发展经济学自20世纪70年代末起便受到严厉的批评，学科本身则面临生存危机，20世纪80年代以后，随着新制度经济学向发展经济学的渗透，为经济发展学提供了全新的视角。在短短的十几年内，新制度经济学的分析方法已经引起了发展经济学们的高度重视，制度内生的经济发展理论已成为发展经济学的一种流行的观点。     

The effect of new product development techniques on new product success in Spanish firms

The rate of market and technological changes has accelerated in the last years. This turbulent environment requires new methods and techniques to bring successful new products to the marketplace. Much attention has focused on new development techniques, but little empirical research has been conducted to validate these techniques. In this study, the relationship between popular new development techniques and new product success is examined. Our findings suggest that only a subset of these popular techniques is significantly related with new product success in Spanish firms. The study also identifies the main contributors to new product development (NPD) effectiveness in Spanish firms.     

Role of network structure and network effects in diffusion of innovations

Why does diffusion of innovation sometimes propagate throughout the whole population, and why at other times does it halt in its interim process? The current paper provides a potential answer to this question by developing a simple computational model of social networks. The proposed computational approach incorporating small-world graphs enables the authors to find that diffusion of innovation is more likely to fail in a random network than in a highly clustered network of consumers. A marketing implication is that the choice of initial target groups and their network structures matter in influencing whether an innovation makes full or partial penetration, in markets where network effects plays a role.     

The contested environmental governance of Maori-owned native forests in South Island,Aotearoa/New Zealand

In this study we set out to critically examine the environmental governance of native forests owned and managed by the Maori in New Zealand, with a specific focus on ‘SILNA’ lands given to the South island Maori as compensation lands for lost ancestral tribal lands. We will interrogate reasons for different forestry pathways in terms of how the process of European colonisation unfolded politically and spatially, the response of the Maori SILNA forest owners to pressures linked to land allocation and land rights issues over time, and the repercussions of these responses for biodiversity preservation in indigenous forest management systems. In order to unravel the complex environmental governance processes at play in the New Zealand context, we will pay particular attention to ‘exogenous’ (i.e. propelling forces outside Maori communities) and ‘endogenous’ regulation mechanisms (i.e. regulation of native forest management within SILNA forest blocks). New Zealand is a particularly appropriate setting as Maori governance, forest management and land rights issues have come to the fore over the past decades. Our findings suggest that Maori SILNA forest owners have used the full spectrum of forest management pathways, ranging from outright clearfelling and associated biodiversity depletion to forest preservation. The study highlights the complex interplay between endogenous environmental governance processes (actor embeddedness with their land and the role played by trusts and committees in particular) and exogenous drivers, in particular through the influence of international logging companies, and the policy environment which has sent mixed, and at times confusing, messages to Maori SILNA native forest owners.     

证券咨询机构预测能力分析--以新股定位为例

本文以四家证券咨询机构对108只新股的开盘价预测为研究对象,文中首先给出数据和研究方法;接着对各机构预测误差进行比较以检验不同机构的预测能力;紧接着分析了机构预测价对新股短期投资的参考价值。     

对新《企业会计准则——基本准则》中关键问题的思考

新《企业会计准则-基本准则》于2007年1月1日起在上市公司执行。该准则对现行基本准则进行了重大修改和多方面完善,广泛采用了国际上通用的概念和原则,无论在形式上还是在实质上都实现了与国际财务报告准则的趋向,并更能适用我国的会计现状和未来的发展趋势,为中国的会计职业界致力于提高透明度和执行高水准的执业准则奠定了基础。本文首先简要的分析了新基本准则对原基本准则的一些改进,然后就新基本准则某些关键问题来看仍有值得进一步思考和推敲的地方,给出了自己的建议,以期对新基本准则的完善有所助益。     

新会计准则对注册会计师执业的影响

新会计准则在旧会计准则的基础上有很大的变化和创新,这些变化和创新在一定程度上影响着审计工作中的方方面面。本文首先阐述了新会计准则对注册会计师执业的影响,然后提出注册会计师应对新会计准则变化的几点建议。     

Does better information about foreign shocks improve monetary policy?

This paper examines whether better information about foreign shocks leads to welfare-improving monetary policy using a stylised two-country New Keynesian general equilibrium model. We demonstrate that when terms of trade externality exist and national central banks have the incentives to shift terms of trade in their own favour, the equilibrium under imperfect information may be welfare superior relative to an equilibrium with perfect information. In addition, the welfare gains or losses from information sharing between central banks are found to be small for empirically plausible range of parameters for risk aversion and elasticity of labour supply.