Employee and management rights and responsibilities under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): An overview

The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) significantly expands the rights of disabled individuals in their access to employment opportunities, services, telecommunications, public accommodations, and transportation. This article provides an overview of the ADA with a particular emphasis on employment issues under Title I of the Act affecting the rights and responsibilities of disabled employees and employers. Permitted and prohibited actions by employers are discussed, as well as factors used to determine the definition and application of key terms under the Act. Some potential impacts of the ADA on the interests of disabled individuals and employers are discussed. Recommendations for effective management policies to comply with the employment provisions of the ADA are also included.     

生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客环保行为意向的影响研究

本文从游客对旅游住宿产品体验和感知的视角,研究生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客环保行为意向的影响。结果表明:(1)游客的生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客的环保行为意向具有显著的正向影响;(2)个人涉入度包括"感知重要性与娱乐价值"、"符号价值"、"风险可能性"和"风险重要性"4个维度;其中"感知重要性与娱乐价值"及"符号价值"对游客的环保行为意向表现出显著的正向影响,而"风险可能性"和"风险重要性"对环保行为意向的影响不显著;(3)生态意识的调节效应显著。该结论对于丰富国内外相关研究具有一定的理论价值,为旅游住宿企业开发产品的价值诉求提供决策参考。     

Competing resort hotels Word-of-mouth communication and guest retention

Word-of-mouth (WOM) communications were the most often reported method of first learning about hotel choices in an ocean resort area. WOM communications were associated positively with customer retention by resort hotels, ie resort hotels having the most WOM communications had the highest reported most recent visits from customers known to have stayed at the respective hotels. Specific hotel services perceived to have been better than expected were found to be associated with WOM communication. The study Included a five-page questionnaire sent to samples of customers of six hotels. Comparisons of WOM communications by customers across hotels are provided.     

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults: Will This Be the Greatest Challenge for Employment Discrimination Law?

This article examines the issues surrounding the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Recently, medical research has shown that ADHD, which had formerly been thought to be a childhood impairment, in many cases persists into adulthood. Because of the projected prevalence and severity of the disorder, ADHD has the potential to be a critical employment issue as well. This article begins with an examination of the current state of knowledge regarding ADHD. Then, attention is turned to the intersection of ADHD and the ADA. Three central questions are then addressed. These include whether ADHD is a covered condition under the ADA and how ADHD might enter into the employment selection process, and finally, the question of how employers can and should provide reasonable accommodation to ADHD-affected employees. A concluding discussion addresses how the convergence of ADHD and the ADA could become the health issue of the 1990s and beyond for both individual employers and employment law in general.     

Marketing and Territorial Factors： An Integrated Study of the Accommodation Choice in the Island of La Palma

The literature has highlighted the relevance of segmenting the tourism market as a start point for developing the right tourism policy recommendations. The present study examines the rural tourism market on the island of La Palma （Canary Islands） and its relationship with territorial factors. Specifically, it attempts to establish the role played in tourists＇ accommodation location choice by territorial and related factors （for instance, the area of the island, proximity to the beach, hours of sunshine, etc.） compared to other factors. A sample of 316 tourists who holidayed in rural tourism accommodation in La Palma during the period from July to September in 2007 was selected for this purpose. The methodology consisted of a preliminary analysis of the associations between the variables and their modalities, followed by a multiple correspondence analysis （MCA）. The results of the study allow to conclude that the weight of territorial variables in the choice of destination and accommodation location can vary substantially depending on the market segment considered.     

Why Dwell in a Hutongtel? Tourist Accommodation Preferences and Guest Segmentation for Beijing Hutongtels

Hutongtels are unique accommodations within traditional courtyards and surrounded by old Beijing‐style lifestyles. They have been recognized as significant landmarks and attract substantial numbers of foreign and domestic guests despite simple facilities and services. This research aimed not only to create a greater understanding of hutongtels as a signature tourism product of Beijing but also to identify preferences contributing to hutongtel choice and sub‐groupings of guests. Eight preference factors were extracted via factor analysis, and four segments of hutongtel guests were found through cluster analysis. The results should facilitate future hutongtel development planning and tourism product design by local communities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hospitality Industry Responses to Climate Change: A Benchmark Study of Taiwanese Tourist Hotels

Hotels are one of the tourism businesses most vulnerable to climate change because of their fixed assets. Results are presented of a baseline study that explores the awareness, attitudes, and behaviours of Taiwanese tourist hotels with respect to climate change and its potential impacts as well as their overall environmental practices. Tourist hotels are defined by the Taiwanese government as hotel establishments of over 80 rooms in rural areas and 50 rooms in city areas. Although the 104 tourist hotels represent only 3.7% of the total number of hotels in Taiwan, they account for over half of international guest nights and had a combined revenue of over TWD$43 billion in 2010. Questionnaires were distributed via email to all tourist hotels in Taiwan and 45 valid returns were received, representing an effective response rate of 43.3%. The results of research illustrate the level of understanding of climate change within Taiwanese tourist hotels and identify the specific climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies that tourist hotels have initiated. Access to such baseline data provides a potentially significant contribution to evaluating the response of the Taiwanese accommodation sector to environment change as well as providing a basis for further comparative studies and benchmarking.     

Valuing for Ogasawara: Implications for sustainable practices within the accommodation sector

This paper explores valuing for Ogasawara on the part of the accomodation host and examines interest in developing sustainable practices within this sector. Data is drawn from an interview survey conducted in 2002 and a focus group meeting conducted in 2003 in Ogasawara, Japan. The data were collected from lodging owners and managers (LOM) who operate lodging businesses on Chichijima. The primary themes that emerged from these data were related to preservation, development, social impacts, carrying capacity and sustainable practices. The data revealed a conflict between preserving natural and cultural resouces and developing tourism at this site. There was strong concern reported for protecting the environment, as well as strong concern voiced over the dwindling number of tourists. While some interest was expressed for the development of sustainable practices within the accommodation sector, the understanding and application of such practices is relatively underdeveloped.     

Sentiment mining of online reviews of peer-to-peer accommodations: Customer emotional heterogeneity and its influencing factors

The polarized problem of customers' emotional experiences in peer-to-peer accommodations has been exposed and needs urgent solution. However, a research gap remains in understanding the emotional heterogeneity. Therefore, this study explores customers' emotional heterogeneity and drivers for peer-to-peer accommodations using deep learning technologies and social network analysis. The results reveal that: For common causes, the environment is a core driver of customer emotions; While services are not necessary to positive emotions. For special causes, price value and location can stimulate customers' positive emotions, while their absence cannot affect negative emotions; The absence of household amenities cannot hinder the formation of positive emotions; While booking information triggers customers' negative emotions. This study clarifies complex demands of customer emotional experiences in sharing economy and provides a multiple emotional heterogeneity perspective for mining the emotional causes of peer-to-peer accommodation customers. Furthermore, it contributes to implications for improving customer emotional experience with differentiated strategies.     

Sampling method for monitoring the alternative accommodation market

Tourism is an extremely competitive industry where effective destination management is necessary to compete. One of the main destination management stakeholders is the hotel industry. Since the advent of the Internet websites that facilitate the sharing economy, the hotel industry has had to compete with an alternative accommodation market. This alternative market is difficult to monitor as there is no official data. Current research works on developing methods for calculating tourism metrics for a destination based on digital footprint with the objective of offering figures to complement official statistics. The objective of our research is to develop a method to monitor the alternative accommodation market based on data collected from Airbnb. This paper reports the results of the first step: the design of a sampling method for data scraping from this website that provides a representative sample of the accommodation offer of the Basque Country distributed through it and its prices. The results show that the length-of-stay (LOS) parameter of the queries to the website is key to obtaining a representative sample of the accommodation offered through this channel. A sampling method based on the representative values of LOS inferred from a data sample is proposed.