上市公司自愿性披露信息影响因素研究——基于沪、深上市公司的实证检验

本文在文献综述和理论研究的基础上,运用多元回归建立模型,对上市公司自愿性披露信息影响因子进行了实证分析。结果发现,上市公司自愿性披露信息与盈利能力、发行股票类型、会计师事务所规模、公司规模和资产负债率等因素成显著正相关,而与股权集中度及行业类型没有显著相关关系,并对结论进行了相关分析。     

薪酬管制与会计信息质量——基于超额薪酬的中介效应

在国有企业收入分配制度改革的大背景下,本文检验了薪酬管制政策对国有企业管理者超额薪酬与会计信息质量的影响。研究发现超额薪酬与会计信息质量呈U型关系;薪酬管制通过削减超额薪酬,进而降低了会计信息质量;现行薪酬管制政策的限薪标准缺乏针对性,致使政策的实施不仅削减了过度激励情形下国有企业管理者的超额薪酬,同时还加剧了部分国有企业管理者激励不足的情况;实施股权激励与提高审计质量均有助于弱化薪酬管制的负面影响。研究结论表明,现有薪酬管制政策有效但精准程度有待进一步提升,未来国有企业薪酬制度改革应在兼顾成本效益的基础上细化限薪标准,力争因地制宜、精准限薪。     

资本市场开放与会计信息可比性——来自“沪港通”的经验证据

以2014年"沪港通"的实施作为外生事件,基于双重差分模型实证检验"沪港通"政策对于会计信息可比性的影响。研究发现:"沪港通"政策的实施显著提升了上市公司会计信息的可比性;"沪港通"政策通过公司治理机制提高了上市公司会计信息的可比性。"沪港通"政策对于提高我国资本市场的会计信息质量具有一定的积极作用,为我国后续资本市场进一步对外开放提供了经验证据。     

从财务丑闻看法务会计在我国的发展

法务会计是一个结合会计学、法学、审计学等数个学科领域的交叉学科,它是治理财务舞弊的最佳方法。本文通过对科龙案件的分析,指出法务会计在我国的发展虽已初具规模,但仍存在一些问题,如无完善的理论体系和制度,宣传不到位,缺少实践。最后,针对这些问题提出推进法务会计的理论研究,建立完善的制度,大力宣传法务会计和逐步推广其业务的策略。     

网络信息产品市场的定价模式

信息产品的特性要求产品定价依据从边际成本转向消费者支付意愿，但消费者对信息产品的支付意愿往往差别很大，这要求供应商通过产品差别化与差别定价获得尽量多的消费者剩余，保证收回成本与实现利润最大化。信息产品特性和网络市场的技术特点决定了差别定价将是网络信息产品市场的主要定价模式。本文主要介绍了版本划分和捆绑销售等差别定价模式在网络信息产品市场的应用。     

我国会计准则与国际财务报告准则趋同研究

针对LASB对于金融工具、公允价值计量、财务报表列报等方面的最新举措,指出我国与其趋同中存在的计入其他综合收益的累计公允价值变动在处置时能否转回至损益、预计损失法的应用和公允价值的确定等具体问题,并提出要解决这些问题需要IASB对我国的特殊经济业务的理解与认定,同时要求我国能够做到广泛参与、讨论LASB征求意见稿存在的问题,积极参与准则制定过程,争取发言权,维护我国自身利益并肩负起新兴经济体的主导责任,推动全球统一的高质量会计准则的建立.     

Smoothing Mechanisms in Defined Benefit Pension Accounting Standards: A Simulation Study*

The accounting for defined benefit (DB) pension plans is complex and varies significantly across jurisdictions despite recent international convergence efforts. Pension costs are significant, and many worry that unfavorable accounting treatment could lead companies to terminate DB plans, a result that would have important social implications. A key difference in accounting standards relates to whether and how the effects of fluctuations in market and demographic variables on reported pension cost are “smoothed". Critics argue that smoothing mechanisms lead to incomprehensible accounting information and induce managers to make dysfunctional decisions. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these mechanisms may vary. We use simulated data to test the volatility, representational faithfulness, and predictive ability of pension accounting numbers under Canadian, British, and international standards (IFRS). We find that smoothed pension expense is less volatile, more predictive of future expense, and more closely associated with contemporaneous funding than is “unsmoothed” pension expense. The corridor method and market‐related value approaches allowed under Canadian GAAP have virtually no smoothing effect incremental to the amortization of actuarial gains and losses. The pension accrual or deferred asset is highly correlated with the pension plan deficit/surplus. Our findings complement existing, primarily archival, pension accounting research and could provide guidance to standard‐setters.     

档案信息的价值分析

经济信息从某种意义上说都体现为档案信息。从过程上看，档案信息的生产过程就是一个价值增值过程。马克思主义揭示了档案信息增值的合理内核。从使用价值的角度看，档案信息增值主要是在使用过程中的增值，效益定价是档案信息增值的关键原则。挡案信息的使用特点——裂变性、效应不定性扣稀缺性是决定档案信息增值的内在因素。档案信息资源与管理水平相互作用、相互促进。     

A decade of hybrid reporting and accountabilities of the Hanyeping Company (1909–1919)

Using a model of hybrid reporting and accountabilities, this article considers the reporting and accountability of the Hanyeping Company in the Beiyang era. The results of the study suggest that the Hanyeping Company attempted to provide comprehensive accounts of its activities to satisfy the needs of a plethora of domestic and foreign stakeholders through a combination of detailed Western and Chinese accounts. In keeping with Western and indigenous Chinese expectations of accounting, the Hanyeping Company prepared accounts that demonstrated characteristics of Auyeung’s demonstrated features of nineteenth-century Westernised reporting and the traditional reporting model. This suggests that the period between 1909 and 1919 experienced a decade of reporting hybridisation in direct contrast to the so-called period of accounting stagnation of the late Qing Dynasty.     

Advanced information technology: transforming service innovation and design

This research explores the role of advanced information technologies at the ‘fuzzy’ front-end of service innovation and design. Service researchers have been exploring the application of technology to services for a while, however there has been little attention paid to the use of technology at the front-end of service innovation and design. Research suggests that advanced information technologies should be useful in research and development for services; but how this may occur has not been explored. Bringing together design thinking and the technology–organization–environment framework for technology adoption this research develops propositions for research to expose how technology can advance and transform service innovation and design. Theoretical and practical research questions are offered to guide inquiry in this emerging research space.