汽车乘员舱空气品质评价及污染物净化技术研究

在驾驶过程中,汽车乘员舱可视为密闭空间,其内污染物种类繁多且严重影响着舱内的空气品质,危害乘员的身体健康。为了净化舱内污染物、提升空气品质,首先阐述了乘员舱内污染物组成及其与人体健康的联系,然后构建了以舱内污染物指标和舒适性指标为评价因子的空气品质评价体系,和结合客观综合指数及灰相关分析法的评价方法;并根据该评价,创新建立了一套采用先进净化技术的智能空气净化系统,最后总结出整合空气影响因子、评价空气品质、选取控制和净化策略三步骤的舱内空气品质(vehicle interior air quality,VIAQ)管理流程,对汽车乘员舱空气品质提升和未来发展具有重要意义。     

老府河水体中有机污染物降解规律研究

在实验室条件下,模拟老府河水质状况,通过静态模拟实验,研究老府河中有机污染物的降解规律,确定有机污染物的降解系数,为老府河水环境容量的计算提供必要的参数,为河流综合整治方案的提出提供依据。     

How is the Asian economy recovering from COVID-19? Evidence from the emissions of air pollutants

This study examines how economic and social activities in Asia were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, using the emissions of various air pollutants as representative measures of those activities. Our review of emissions data suggests that the amount of air pollutants emitted decreased in most subnational regions from 2019 to 2020. We also determined that economic and social activities have restarted in some regions in many countries. Moreover, we conduct regression analyses to identify the types of regions that restarted earlier. Regional characteristics are distinguished by employing a remotely sensed land cover dataset and OpenStreetMap. Results reveal that in the case of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) forerunners, economic and social activities in cropland, industrial estates, accommodations, restaurants, education, and public services have not yet returned to previous levels.     

浅议疏勒河流域双塔灌区水权分配制度改革

为缓解我国水资源短缺问题,需要提高水资源的利用率和效益,合理分配水量,节约用水,使水资源实现可持续利用。     

Tradable planning permits for land-use control in Germany

In addition to a broad range of qualitative land development objectives, the German Federal Government has committed itself to reduce the growth of settlement and traffic areas from currently 113 ha (2004–2007) to 30 ha per day by 2020. In order to attain this ambitious quantitative goal, our paper presents a market-based policy of ‘tradable planning permits’. This system would control land development by fixing the total amount of open space loss in a period with allocated planning permits, which can be traded between local jurisdictions. Since this approach is based on the cap-and-trade principle, we evaluate the transfer of traditional emission trading concepts to land-use control and explore regulatory options of potential systems: an undifferentiated permit system, a trading-ratio system and variations of zonal permit systems. We subject these alternative approaches to critical evaluation by using a variety of important criteria including efficiency gains, ecological effectiveness, hot spot formation and transaction costs. Finally, we summarize the potentials, limitations and risks of a permit trading system in general while reflecting the ongoing German debate on open space preservation.     

“低碳经济”背景下苏州市污染物减排的推进机制研究

文章以推进机制基本原理作为研究的理论前提,运用社会调查资料分析了苏州市污染物排放及其治理的现状与存在的问题,结合发展低碳经济的要求,构建了包括驱动系统、内在动力、外在压力的苏州市污染物减排推进机制,提出了完善分层次、有梯度、可持续的苏州市污染物减排引导性政策体系,以及地方与国家奖惩结合、物质与精神奖惩结合、激励与约束奖惩结合的奖惩政策体系。     

美国石油炼制工业水污染物排放标准对我国标准制定的启示

介绍了美国石油炼制工业水污染物排放标准的制修订情况、分类及其它相关内容,并解析了标准的主要特点。在此基础上,对我国石油炼制工业目前执行的水污染物排放标准进行了思考与分析,同时提出有关建议。     

SPE法及萃取法测定水中有机物的比较研究

采用GC/MS联用仪对SPE法和液液萃取法测定水中的有机物作了分析、比较和研究。采用SPE前处理方法鉴定出地表水中64种有机物,采用液液萃取前处理方法鉴定出工业废水中34种有机物,表明了SPE法适用于地表水中有机物的测定要求,液液萃取法则适用于工业废水中有机物的测定要求。     

山东省工业污染物减量排放问题研究

对山东省工业污染物减量排放问题进行了研究,得到如下结论:(1)在"十·五"期间山东省对工业废物排放量的控制取得了一定成效,但是,全省各地区的工业污染物排放强度的差异性较大;(2)从行业情况看,高污染行业,如热电、能源开采及加工、造纸、化工等是废水、废气和固体废物的主要排放行业,也应是山东省下一步开展污染减排工作的重点;(3)山东省控制工业污染存在经济和技术水平、管理体制等难点问题;(4)因此,山东省在实施"十一·五"规划制定的减少工业污染物排放环保目标时,应制定出有差别的区域环保目标和相应政策措施。     

农村环境保护之浅见

加强农村环境保护,建设社会主义新农村是落实科学发展观,构建和谐社会的必然要求。只有保护好环境,处理好农村环境保护与经济发展的关系,才能真正推进新农村建设,实现可持续发展。