从FLASH的流行现象中透析广告设计的发展趋势

进入21世纪,由于人们对于新的尖端技术的迷恋,导致了不同于以前的心理状态、价值取向、审美意识及时空观念等,与此同时,也使广告设计由以往形态上的平面化、静态化开始逐步向动态化、综合化方向转变。Flash作为一种现代的传播方式和设计方式,不仅有视觉和听觉上的双重功能和享受,更因为它具有的趣味性,成为现代人放松自我,表现自我,甚至是陶醉自我的一种大众化方式。新时代的到来预示着一个新的设计时代的来临,广告设计师将会拥有一个更加广阔的设计空间。     

High-involvement practices in human resource management: concept and factors that motivate their adoption

Using data on 250 Spanish firms, we examine the incidence of high-involvement practices and investigate what variables are associated with the adoption of these practices. Particularly, we analyse the influence of size, age, competitive advantage, activity sector, the existence of a recent crisis, culture, leadership style and the competitiveness of the environment on the adoption of high-involvement work practices. With all this, we try to offer an exploratory view of nature of the contexts that condition the adoption of such practices, with the aim of motivating future research more thoroughly.     

Older or Wealthier? The Impact of Age Adjustment on Wealth Inequality*

Differences in individual wealth holdings are widely viewed as a driving force of economic inequality. However, as this finding relies on cross‐sectional data, a concern is that older is confused with wealthier. We propose a new method to adjust for age effects in cross‐sections, which eliminates wealth inequality due to age, yet preserves inequality arising from other factors. Using a new cross‐country comparable database, we examine the impact of age adjustments on wealth inequality across countries and over time. We find that the most widely used method yields a substantially different picture of age‐adjusted wealth inequality than our method.     

新型农村养老保险制度的财政负担测算——兼论“十二五”期间实现全覆盖的可行性

本研究对新型农村养老保险制度的财政负担进行了测算,研究表明：在低水平、全覆盖目标下,到2020年各级财政累计总投入可以控制在9000亿元左右,中央财政投入占到70%以上;若＂十二五＂期间提前实现全覆盖,到2015年中央财政累计投入将不超过3000亿元,地方财政累计投入将不超过1200亿元;全覆盖实现后中央财政每年投入约700亿元可以保障新农保制度运行;提前实现全覆盖不会大幅度增加未来10年财政总投入,而主要对今后几年的财政投入提出相对更高要求。＂十二五＂期间实现全覆盖总体上不会对中央和地方财政造成太大负担,但是,经济欠发达地区地方财政（尤其县级财政）分担压力不容忽视。全覆盖目标的提前实现要求＂十二五＂期间加大中央财政投入,以递增的速度提高新农保覆盖率,加大对中西部地区政策倾斜力度,引导地方政府积极配合。     

Does market orientation pay off without brand orientation? A study of small business entrepreneurs

Market orientation and brand orientation are usually modelled as distinct antecedents of business performance, and the simultaneous performance effects of these orientations are empirically under-explored. Moreover, studies of market orientation and branding tend to focus on large corporations and the views of managers rather than the views of small business entrepreneurs. Addressing these research gaps, the current study explores market orientation and brand orientation by empirically testing their simultaneous effects on the business performance of small firms. Using primary data from 328 effective responses gathered from small business entrepreneurs, the study finds that market orientation improves the financial performance of a small firm only if it is implemented through brand orientation and eventually translated into brand performance. The results further indicate that older firms benefit more than younger firms from investing in branding, while younger firms benefit from paying attention to the actions of their rivals.     

Leisure co‐participant preferences of the elderly: Age‐homogeneity versus age‐heterogeneity

Abstract

Leisure participation often occurs in the company of others. Therefore, identifying the nature of preferred others is important in understanding antecedent conditions which facilitate the leisure experience. A major characteristic in determining co‐participant preferences of the elderly is the preferred age of others involved in the activity. This study was conducted to determine whether older individuals prefer to interact with age‐peers or with younger individuals when participating in 19 selected leisure activities. Results indicated a preference for age‐heterogeneity in interaction. However, old respondents were more likely to select old co‐participants than were young respondents.     

Community-based tourism (TourDure) experience program: a theoretical approach

This research tested the Theory of Planned Behavior model to reveal the formation of tourists’ intention to experience a tour program organized by a local community (i.e. TourDure) by taking the moderating effect of gender and age into account. TourDure is an excellent case of the community-based tourism initiatives in Korea. A field survey was carried out for data collection. Our findings indicated that attitude and subjective norm had a significant impact on intention. Also, destination attachment showed a positive influence on the intention. In addition, subjective norm and attitude was found to be significant across the gender group.     

Perceived importance of native language use in service encounters

Despite the importance of interactions in services, the role language plays in services is an under-researched field. This paper outlines for which services language is especially important. Consistent across studies in three countries (Belgium, Canada and Finland), the findings suggest that bilingual consumers find it particularly important to be served in their native language in high-involvement services. Moreover, for high-involvement services, all consumers find it important to be served in their native language. For low-involvement services, elderly consumers are less willing to switch language than young consumers. The importance of native language use did not differ between males and females.     

大数据的营销价值

信息爆炸的时代，对于数据的关注、分析和运用，得到了越来越多的行业、企业的重视和践行。“数据营销”，也因此走进了人们的视野。大数据时代的社会化营销重点是理解消费者背后的海量数据，挖掘用户需求，并最终提供个性化的跨平台的企业营销解决方案。大数据的价值在于能更加智能地提升精准广告能力，给品牌商品主动对焦目标客户，给相关企业带来更高的投资回报率。大数据营销可以说是由媒体、广告主、用户三者共同造就的，用户是数据的源头，媒体是数据的起因，广告主是数据的结果。在海量繁杂的数据中用算法挖掘出用户的营销价值，并在合适的媒体上及时达成广告主的营销目标是大数据带给网络营销的新机遇。     

Cost estimation of neonatal intensive care in Greece: the case of Athens maternity hospitals

Summary

This study aimed to estimate the hospitalisation costs for neonatal intensive care and to investigate any discrepancies with reimbursement by the social funds in Greece.

The study was based on a prospective selection of neonates admitted to the intensive care unit of two hospitals within a 3-month period in 2004. Data were collected and classified with respect to birthweight and gestational age. Microcosting recording of data was used. A National Health System hospital perspective was applied.

The study sample consisted of 99 neonates with mean cost per infant reaching €5,845 in contrast to the €3,952 reimbursed by the social security funds, showing a discrepancy between actual and nominal costs. Cost per infant was found to have an inverse relationship both with birthweight and gestational age. Personnel costs accounted for 59.9% of all resources consumed followed by enteral/parenteral feeding for 16.1% and pharmaceuticals expenses for 11.1%. The remaining covers the costs of consumables, diagnostic test and overheads (12.9%).