全文获取类型
收费全文 | 47352篇 |
免费 | 1190篇 |
国内免费 | 535篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 3975篇 |
工业经济 | 2243篇 |
计划管理 | 11104篇 |
经济学 | 8485篇 |
综合类 | 6985篇 |
运输经济 | 412篇 |
旅游经济 | 899篇 |
贸易经济 | 5618篇 |
农业经济 | 3478篇 |
经济概况 | 5873篇 |
信息产业经济 | 5篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 133篇 |
2023年 | 546篇 |
2022年 | 793篇 |
2021年 | 1278篇 |
2020年 | 1542篇 |
2019年 | 919篇 |
2018年 | 767篇 |
2017年 | 894篇 |
2016年 | 1066篇 |
2015年 | 1244篇 |
2014年 | 3257篇 |
2013年 | 3716篇 |
2012年 | 3874篇 |
2011年 | 5368篇 |
2010年 | 3532篇 |
2009年 | 2945篇 |
2008年 | 2984篇 |
2007年 | 2478篇 |
2006年 | 2370篇 |
2005年 | 1804篇 |
2004年 | 1294篇 |
2003年 | 1242篇 |
2002年 | 1042篇 |
2001年 | 944篇 |
2000年 | 700篇 |
1999年 | 500篇 |
1998年 | 326篇 |
1997年 | 263篇 |
1996年 | 204篇 |
1995年 | 112篇 |
1994年 | 82篇 |
1993年 | 72篇 |
1992年 | 61篇 |
1991年 | 53篇 |
1990年 | 32篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 98篇 |
1984年 | 102篇 |
1983年 | 74篇 |
1982年 | 64篇 |
1981年 | 32篇 |
1980年 | 82篇 |
1979年 | 56篇 |
1978年 | 37篇 |
1977年 | 23篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Pedro Conceição Author Vitae Giorgio Sirilli Author Vitae 《Technological Forecasting and Social Change》2004,71(6):553-578
The structure and financing of science and technology activities are undergoing a slow, but profound, change. This change can be briefly characterized as a shift from relying and supporting public science to a stronger emphasis on “market-based” incentives for science and technology. In this paper we analyze this shift in a historical perspective, discussing both the theoretical explanations and the empirical trends of the ongoing change. While we do not claim to provide a comprehensive and exhaustive identification of the causes of this shift, we argue that it is largely driven by the perception of a shift of the U.S. policy towards market-based, rather than publicly supported, incentives for science and technology. This, in turn—given the strong economic performance of the United States over the 1990s—has influenced policies in most OECD countries, especially in Europe.We conclude by analyzing the evolution of research in U.S. higher education and find two major trends: an increasing diversity in the number of institutions of different types other than universities and a steady and continuous public funding of the leading U.S. universities. This has allowed the construction of an infrastructure now used largely by the private sector, but it also noted that the United States has not compromised public support for core areas or in those fields in which there is a clear perception that market incentives are not sufficient for meeting the strategic targets of the U.S. policy. The implication is that there is a considerable policy diversity in the U.S. practice and that all aspects of this diversity should be considered when using the United States as a reference. 相似文献
32.
We study possible rankings of opportunity profiles. An opportunity profile is a list of opportunity sets, one for each agent
in the society. We compare profiles on the basis of the notion of “equality of opportunities”. Our main results show the necessary
and sufficient conditions for this comparison to be made using exclusively the information provided by two cardinal measures:
the number of common alternatives in all sets of a given profile and the difference between the number of alternatives in
the individual sets. We also show that, under additional axioms, we can combine these criteria only in a weighted procedure
or in some lexicographic refinements of a weighted procedure.
相似文献
33.
Characterization and construction of optimal designs using the familiar optimality criteria, for example A-, D- and E-optimality
are well studied in the literature. However the study of the Distance Optimality (DS-) criterion introduced by Sinha (1970)
has very recently drawn attention of researchers. In the present article, we consider the singularly estimable full rank problem
of estimating the full set of elementary treatment contrasts using the DS optimality criterion in the set up of a one way
ANOVA model. Using a limit argument it turns out that a CRD in which difference between any two allocation numbers is at the
most unity is uniquely DS-optimal.
Acknowledgement. We are thankful to Prof. B. K. Sinha for suggesting the problem to us and many helpful discussions with him. We are also
thankful to the referees for drawing our attention to the reference of Bischoff (1995) and many helpful comments. 相似文献
34.
国资监督机构在深化国资国企过程中应集中调配产权权益,完善资产负债结构,优化资源配置,通过资本运营和良好的市场环境,充分发挥中央和地方政府的职能,在互为尊重的前提下,杜绝侵权行为的发生。 相似文献
35.
above the certainty level while for additive uncertainty the price should be lower than the certainty level. This note gives an intuitive explanation for the result after first presenting a parsimonious review
of the two models. We also discuss which, if either, of the two models is more realistic.
Received December 14, 2001; revised version received July 16, 2002
Published online: April 30, 2003
We thank referees for helpful comments. Ciaran Driver would like to acknowledge the research facilities from ANU, Canberra
for their help in writing this paper. 相似文献
36.
根据生殖健康的内容 ,将生殖健康产业划分为两大市场和 7类产品。通过对人口、购买力和购买欲望发展趋势的分析 ,提出中国生殖健康产业市场需求潜力巨大的预测。在培育生殖健康产业的过程中 ,产业发展要素的协调、市场化的策略与步骤、多方面合作的机制是政府目前需要优先考虑的三大问题 相似文献
37.
Hiroshi Tsuda 《Asia-Pacific Financial Markets》1996,3(1):23-40
This paper investigates the existence of a correction mechanism for mis-pricing between Japanese stock and bond. By this correction mechanism we mean that when deviations occur from the equilibrium levels of the expected return differentials between stock and bond — the risk premium differentials, the market will tend to correct the mis-pricing and bring the expected return differentials back to the equilibrium levels. We assume that the yield spread between the predicted earnings price ratio of stock and the yield to maturity of bond reflects the risk premium between stock and bond, and estimate the equilibrium risk premium differentials and mis-prices between stock and bond by modelling their behaviors with a statistical yield spread model (SYS). Empirical results strongly indicate the existence of the mis-pricing correction mechanism, suggesting the inefficiency of securities markets. 相似文献
38.
Peter 《Annals of Tourism Research》2002,29(4)
This study investigates the presentations of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as postwar tourism destinations in a selection of Japanese-language guidebooks. Comparison is made between commonly voiced criticisms of Japanese attitudes toward the two atom-bombed sites and the tourism activities suggested by the publications themselves. An expected presentation emphasizing Japanese suffering as a result of the atom bombs is not found in the guides, but neither is an openness to discussion of the war. The conclusions reached find Hiroshima standing as emblematic of the rebuilding nation as a whole, while Nagasaki remains largely outside of the social and cultural dynamics of postwar Japan. 相似文献
39.
James H. Love Frank H. Stephen 《International Journal of the Economics of Business》1996,3(2):227-248
This paper surveys the theoretical and empirical literature on the relationship between advertising, fees and quality in the self–regulating professions. Much of the literature is derived from the perspective of advertising as an information–enhancing device, helping to reduce the information asymmetry between professional and client. This is consistent with the majority of the empirical studies which suggest that advertising tends to have a downward effect on professional fees, with little if any adverse effect on quality. There are, however, important issues of method and measurement which may lessen the force of this conclusion 相似文献
40.
Shouyong Shi 《Economic Theory》1997,10(1):99-133
Summary. This paper examines the relationship between specialization and the use of money in two versions of the search-theoretic
monetary model. The first version establishes a surprising result that specialization is more likely to occur in a barter
economy than in a monetary economy. The result is reversed in the second version where a different specification of preferences
is adopted to limit the scope of barter. This contrast between the results provides a concrete illustration of the general
argument that money encourages specialization only when it enlarges the extent of the market.
Received: January 31, 1995; revised version August 12, 1996 相似文献