基于生态足迹理论的生态经济系统发展能力分析

本文介绍了加拿大生态经济学家William教授提出并由其学生Wackerngel完善的生态足迹模型，总结了前人基于该模型得出的Shannon-Weaver公式、Ulanowicz的发展能力公式，指出该公式能更好地反映区域生态经济系统的发展能力。利用全国、广东省、四川省、四川南充市等不同区域2001年生态足迹计算结果、计算出不同区域层面上的生态系统多样性和发展能力分别为1.9367、1.7947、2.0526、1.1049，说明其生态足迹的发展能力均超过生态存量的发展能力。选取了四川省南充市作为特定区域进行生态足迹和生态足迹效益的时间序列计算，进行生态经济系统多样性和发展能力的动态变化分析。最后．指出提高生态经济系统多样性指数和发展能力的一条重要途径是增加生态足迹的多样性。     

Coping with Technological Change: The Role of Ability in Making Inequality so Persistent

This study provides an explanation to the evolution of wage inequality over the last 30 years and supports this explanation with evidence. A faster rate of technological progress introduces new unknown elements at the workplace. The need to cope with the unknown accentuates the role of ability and thus increases wage inequality within and between education groups. Inasmuch as education is an irreversible investment project the rise in within group inequality BOOSTS UP the rise of between group inequality. Guided by this theory we turn to the PSID for evidence. Using parents' education to approximate child's ability we show the following set of results: (a) Controlling for education of the child, parents' education contributed much more in the 1980s to his wage growth than in the 1970s. (b) The correlation between the parents' and the child's education increases from the 1970s to the 1980s. (c) The return to college education for an individual with no ability rents did not change—it remains steady at the 23 percent. (d) Facts (a)–(c) CANNOT be attributed to the impact of parent's income. It is parents' education and not parents' income that is more relevant for son's economic outcomes in the 1980s.     

高校后勤管理干部素质探讨

高校后勤管理干部做为后勤管理工作的指挥者、组织者和协调者必须具备一定的理论和良好的道德素质、具备一定的文化和专业知识、具备一定的组织管理素质的创新能力。只有具备多方面的综合素质与修养,才能肩负起时代赋予高校后勤管理干部的历史使命。     

技术学习——企业技术能力演进的分析框架

企业技术能力的演进是一个技术学习过程,本文对技术能力和技术学习的基本内涵进行了分析和探讨,并提出了一个企业技术能力发展决定因素和机制的分析框架。我们认为,为获取技术能力发展所需要的知识和技能,技术学习需要整合三个维度的知识学习:个人学习与组织学习,内部知识学习与外部知识学习,以及显性知识与隐性知识的学习。因此,企业技术学习应该包含以下四个子过程:外部知识获取、内部知识获取、知识编码化以及知识社会化。由于这四个过程所获取的知识来源,性质不同,为完成这些子过程所需要的资源和机制也各不相同。通过对各个子学习过程决定因素和机制的分析识别,综合起来,我们为分析企业技术能力获取的决定因素和内部机制提供了一个基本理论框架。     

The convergence of least squares learning in stochastic temporary equilibrium models

Summary. This paper provides conditions for the almost sure convergence of the least squares learning rule in a stochastic temporary equilibrium model, where regressions are performed on the past values of the endogenous state variable. In contrast to earlier studies, (Evans and Honkapohja, 1998; Marcent and Sargent, 1989), which were local analyses, the dynamics are studied from a global viewpoint, which allows one to obtain an almost sure convergence result without employing projection facilities. Received: April 7, 2001; revised version: September 5, 2001     

Cost Uncertainty and Unilateral Abatement

Unilateral abatement is sometimes advocated in order to set a good example that will make other countries follow. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether existence of correlated cost uncertainty provides an incentive for a country to undertake unilateral abatement. The theoretical model is driven by two main mechanisms; first, a learning effect, as the follower country might reduce its risk premium as it can observe the cost level in the leader country. Second, there is the public good effect, i.e., the marginal benefit of abatement declines when abatement is a public good and other countries contribute to pollution reductions. Results shows that unilateral abatement would be efficient in reducing uncertainty about the unit costs of abatement if a country with low cost uncertainty would undertake abatement first, while a country with initially high cost uncertainty would follow. However, countries may prefer to act simultaneously because of the larger uncertainties that are inherent in a sequential game.      

关于非英语专业高职学生学习自主性问题的探讨

本文通过对某高职院校非英语专业学生英语学习的自主性、元认知、兴趣、动机、自信度、焦虑度测试的分析研究表明:英语学习的自主性和性别及英语的学习成绩、兴趣、动机、自信度有非常显著的正相关性,而和英语学习元认知没有相关性,同时和英语学习焦虑度有非常显著的负相关性,从而为构建有效的培养英语学习自主性的教学模式提供依据,并就此提出若干提高学生英语学习自主性的建议。     

陕西实施农村养老保险制度的经济分析及措施

随着我国人口老龄化的加剧，老年人特别是农村老年人的养老问题日益突出，本文主要通过对陕西农村养老现状和所存在问题的分析，提出了建立农村养老保险制度的建议，旨在于试图为我国农村养老保险制度的实施提供一些借鉴。     

上市公司内部审计管理战略初探

上市公司内部审计在建立完善企业内部控制、加强内部管理、提高企业核心竞争力方面发挥着越来越大的作用。本文认为,在国际、国内经济形势日益发生变化的今天,如何从战略的角度开展内部审计的核心专长和核心能力的培养;内部审计人员的人事、招聘管理和内部审计人员的绩效评价管理的研究,显得十分重要。     

供应链分销系统奖金优化与仿真分析

研究由多个制造商与一个零售商组成的分销系统，他们以各自的利润最大化为目标，制造商给零售商提供奖金激励，零售商提供对应于奖金激励的服务水平，制造商需要进行为零售商提供多大奖金激励的决策。利用强化学习的启发式学习算法来优化制造商应提供的最优奖金激励。