吉非替尼与厄洛替尼治疗非小细胞肺癌效果的间接比较

目的系统评价吉非替尼与厄洛替尼治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床效果.方法检索国内外公开发表的关于吉非替尼或厄洛替尼治疗非小细胞肺癌的中英文文献,采用Bucher法对纳入的研究进行间接比较.结果共纳入4项吉非替尼vs标准治疗和3项厄洛替尼vs标准治疗的文献进行间接比较.吉非替尼与厄洛替尼治疗非小细胞肺癌的反应率和疾病控制率的 RR 值分别为0.56（P=0.0536）、0.87（P=0.6745）,中位生存期和中位无发展生存期的 MD 值分别为-0.31（P=0.7718）、-3.93（P=0.1443）.结论尽管间接比较存在一定的局限性,但结果表明吉非替尼与厄洛替尼治疗非小细胞肺癌的效果无显著性差异.     

A Cointegrating approach to budget deficits and long-term interest rates

A cointegrating approach is undertaken in this study to determine if there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between budget deficits and long-term interest rates for the United States and nine European countries. The cointegration approach consists of conducting cointegration tests and then testing several hypothesized values for the deficit and price expectations variables. The cointegration results suggest the existence of several significant cointegrating vectors for each of the ten countries, which would seem to appeal to the view of budget deficits having a positive impact on long-term interest rates. The hypothesized values for the deficit and price expectations variables are found to be too strict since the hypotheses are rejected in every case but one.     

超声波破解污泥的试验研究

研究了超声波破解污泥的情况。在超声波单独作用及超声波/碱作用下,测定SCOD(溶解性COD)的量,分析超声波、超声波/碱对污泥破解的效果。结果表明,从镜检中可以看到,污泥絮体随超声波作用时间的延长越来越散;SCOD随超声波作用时间的延长而增加;超声波与碱协同作用对污泥的破壁效果比超声波单独作用好。     

高纯高密铜铟镓硒太阳能薄膜电池靶材的研制

文章介绍的高纯高密铜铟镓硒太阳能薄膜电池靶材是以高纯金属铜、铟、镓、硒为原料,经真空梯度合成、超细合金粉末制备、热压烧结等工艺制成,与现有技术相比,本工艺具有工艺流程简单,生产周期短,成本低,适用于大规模生产高纯高密大面积靶材等优势。     

Bioethanol supply chain system planning under supply and demand uncertainties

A mixed integer stochastic programming model is established to support strategic planning of bioenergy supply chain systems and optimal feedstock resource allocation in an uncertain decision environment. The two-stage stochastic programming model, together with a Lagrange relaxation based decomposition solution algorithm, was implemented in a real-world case study in California to explore the potential of waste-based bioethanol production. The model results show that biowaste-based ethanol can be a viable part of sustainable energy solution for the future.     

月季色素与菠菜色素敏化太阳能电池的光电性能研究

本文从月季与菠菜中提取色素制成染料敏化太阳能电池所需的染料。通过对月季与菠菜所制备成的染料进行紫外-可见吸收光谱测试,分析了提取的月季与菠菜中染料的主要成分。对月季与菠菜染料用于敏化太阳能电池进行光电性能测试和量子效率测试,结果表明用月季色素做为染料敏化太阳能电池的光电性能较好。     

16排螺旋CT在膀胱移行细胞癌中的应用

目的:探讨16排螺旋CT对膀胱移行细胞癌的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析36例经手术病理证实为膀胱移行细胞癌癌患者的CT及临床资料。结果:36例术前CT检出33例,3例未见异常。CT表现为局限性膀胱壁增厚7例,呈菜花状向腔内突出23例,乳头状突向腔内6例;增强扫描肿块均有不同程度强化。结论:16排螺旋CT对膀胱移行细胞癌的诊断有其独特的优越性,临床应用价值较高,可在临床推广应用。     

Risk‐Utility Paradigms for Statistical Disclosure Limitation: How to Think,But Not How to Act

Risk‐utility formulations for problems of statistical disclosure limitation are now common. We argue that these approaches are powerful guides to official statistics agencies in regard to how to think about disclosure limitation problems, but that they fall short in essential ways from providing a sound basis for acting upon the problems. We illustrate this position in three specific contexts—transparency, tabular data and survey weights, with shorter consideration of two key emerging issues—longitudinal data and the use of administrative data to augment surveys.     

Pharmacoeconomic analysis for pemetrexed as a maintenance therapy for NSCLC patients with patient assistance program in China

Objective: This study is to evaluate the costs, clinical efficacy, and social benefits of a patient assistance program (PAP) implemented by the China Primary Healthcare Foundation for the use of pemetrexed as a first-line non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) maintenance therapy in China.

Methods: A survival analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1,366 patients who participated in the PAP. The progression-free survival (PFS) and median maintenance treatment cycle of pemetrexed were analyzed. A 36-month Markov model from a payer’s perspective was constructed to analyze the cost and effectiveness associated with the PAP for pemetrexed. The inputs of the model were sourced from the PAP clinical database and published literature. The study estimated the incremental quality adjusted life-years (QALYs) (pemetrexed plus best supportive care [BSC] vs BSC only), the cost saving of the PAP, the impact on the percentage of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE), and poverty headcount ratio (HCR).

Results: The median of PFS and maintenance treatment cycles were 187 days and five cycles (total nine cycles, which included four cycles of induction therapy), respectively. The pemetrexed plus BSC treatment with PAP resulted in an additional 0.12 QALYs over BSC only. The total cost was $48,034.46 and $96,191.57 for the patients who had or had not joined the PAP in 3 years, respectively. Compared to the patients without PAP, the percentage of CHE and HCR with PAP was reduced from 98.39% to 19.91% and 66.98% to 4.89%, respectively, indicating that the PAP substantially decreased the number of patients who had CHE and fallen into poverty.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the pemetrexed PAP generated noticeable clinical and economic benefits to society and to patients. The program also increased patients’ compliance with chemotherapy by allowing patients, for whom the pemetrexed treatment was unaffordable, to continue to receive it.     

基于敏捷供应链的物流系统及其重构方法模型

根据敏捷供应链的一般特征,指出其对物流系统的要求是动态可重构的敏捷性。在此基础上,提出用物流能力描述物流系统资源,并以此为基点提出用物流单元重构进行物流系统的动态重构。并在分析物流单元重构的一般定性原则的基础上,用两个定量指标有效构造了物流系统重构的目标函数,从而将敏捷供应链中物流系统重构问题改造成一个多目标组合优化问题。