合成骨质瓷负载TiO2光催化性能的研究

采用合成骨炭为主要原料制备的多孔陶瓷,能将纳米TiO_2催化活性与陶瓷载体的吸附性有机结合在一起,制备具有催化活性并能循环使用的载体型光催化剂,可有效催化降解水中有机污染物。通过实验研究了镀膜层数、多孔陶瓷球直径、致孔剂质量分数、骨炭合成中CaHPO_4和CaCO_3的质量比值等因素对催化性能的影响。试验结果表明:陶瓷球直径为3 mm,镀膜层数为4层,致孔剂质量分数为4%,CaHPO_4和CaCO_3的质量比值为2.6时,催化剂具有较好的催化活性。     

中国折扇中的雕刻艺术

中国扇子不仅是一种实用物品,也是一种文化器物,其中的折扇更是汇聚了众多的中国传统文化内容。扇骨上技艺娴熟的雕刻、扇面中忧国忧民的文人山水画及其扇套上巧夺天工的织绣无不体现着中国人的聪明智慧及高超的技艺。折扇的艺术价值主要体现在扇面的书画和扇骨工艺两个方面。     

水泥乳化沥青混凝土粘结强度提高措施探析

水泥乳沥青混凝土是近年来开发研制的公路路面新材料,是以乳化沥青和水泥两种粘结料为结合料的半刚性路面材料,但这混凝土在粘结强度和耐久性等方面还存着不足之处,本文用添加消石灰的方法来改善了原来水泥乳化沥青混合料的不足之处,增强了沥青与集料的间的粘结强度,提高了其耐久性。     

超细骨粉在肉松中的应用

探讨了在肉松中添加超细骨粉的工艺流程,研究了不同剂量的超细骨粉添加到肉松中后,对制品感观品质的影响。结果表明,在正常补钙范围内,添加高、低不同剂量的超细骨粉,不影响肉松制品的感观品质。     

A brief instrument to measure health-related quality-of-life in patients with bone metastasis: validation of the German version of Bone Metastases Quality-of-Life-10 (BOMET-QoL-10)

Aims: This prospective, epidemiologic study was designed to translate the original Spanish Bone Metastases Quality-of-Life-10 (BOMET-QoL-10) questionnaire and undertake a validation of the translated German version of BOMET-QoL-10 in Germany to assess health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in patients with bone metastases (BM).

Methods: The translation process included forward and backward translations, and a linguistic validation. Patients aged ≥18 years with histological confirmation of cancer, diagnosed with BM, life expectancy ≥6 months, and fluency in German were eligible for this study (enrolled consecutively in 33 outpatient centers in Germany). Patients were given the German version of BOMET-QoL-10, together with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BM22 questionnaires at inclusion, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after inclusion. A debriefing questionnaire was administered at inclusion to determine patient acceptability and understanding.

Results: Data include 364 patients with BM (median age?=?68 years; females?=?71.7%). The BOMET-QoL-10 is brief and clear (median completion time?=?5?minutes; >90% of patients completed the questionnaire without assistance). The BOMET-QoL-10 forms only one overall scale. All 10 items showed a substantial correlation with the first factor (factor loading, range?=?0.58–0.86). BOMET-QoL-10 exhibits high internal consistency and reproducibility (Cronbach’s alpha?=?0.91; intra-class correlation coefficient?=?0.76). BOMET-QoL-10 showed significant correlations (range?=?0.69–0.79) both with EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BM22 within the functioning (physical, social, interference) and symptom (fatigue, pain) scales, displayed significant sensitivity to change in EORTC QLQ-BM22 scores, and proved the potential ability to detect change in HRQoL in patients with different disease status.

Limitations: There was a high proportion of females in this study, which might represent a limitation.

Conclusions: The German version of BOMET-QoL-10 is a valid, reliable, brief, and clear instrument able to measure HRQoL in patients with BM.     

Budget impact analysis of demineralized bone matrix in combination with autograft in lumbar spinal fusion procedures for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disc disease in Spain

Objective: To estimate the budget impact (BI) of introducing local autograft (LA) combined with demineralized bone matrix (LA?+?DBM) in lumbar spinal fusion (LSF) procedures to treat lumbar degenerative disc disease (LDDD) in Spain.

Methods: A decision tree model was developed to evaluate the 4-year BI associated with introducing LA?+?DBM putty to replace currently available grafting methods, including iliac crest bone graft (ICBG), LA alone, and LA combined with beta-tricalcium phosphate (LA?+?ceramics), with 30%, 40%, and 30% market shares, respectively. The analysis was conducted for a hypothetical cohort of 100 patients with LDDD receiving LSF, assuming LA?+?DBM would replace 100% of the standard of care mix. The fusion rates extracted from the literature were validated by an expert panel. Costs (€2017) were obtained from different Spanish sources. Budget impact and incremental cost per successful fusion were calculated from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System (NHS).

Results: Over 4 years, replacing currently available options with LA?+?DBM for 100 patients resulted in an additional cost of €12,330 (€123/patient), and an additional 14 successful fusions, implying a cost of €881 per additional successful fusion. When costs of productivity loss were included, the introduction of LA?+?DBM resulted in cost savings of €70,294 (€703/patient).

Limitations: The lack of high-quality, homogeneous, head-to-head research studying the efficacy of grafting procedures available to patients undergoing LSF, in addition to a lack of long-term follow-up in existing studies. Therefore, the number of fusions occurring within the model’s time horizon may be underestimated.

Conclusions: Acquisition costs of DBM were partially offset by costs of failed fusions, adverse events and reoperation when switching 100 hypothetical LDDD patients undergoing LSF procedures from standard of care grafting methods to LA?+?DBM from the perspective of the Spanish NHS. DBM cost was entirely offset when costs of lost productivity were considered.     

β-磷酸三钙对大鼠间充质干细胞诱导成骨分化

为了研究组织工程骨的种子细胞和β-磷酸三钙的骨诱导性,全骨髓法分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCS),倒置显微镜下观察显示BMSCS大量增殖,能被β-磷酸三钙诱导成骨分化,并受BMSCS接种密度的影响。在成骨分化过程中BMSCS表现为成骨细胞的形态和集落样生长行为,对硝基苯磷酸盐法和茜素红染色方法检测诱导后细胞的碱性磷酸酶活性及矿化结节形成,结果显示细胞分泌的碱性磷酸酶活性明显强于对照组,茜素红染色呈现红色结节。因此,BMSCS可作为骨缺损修复治疗的种子细胞,在适宜的接种密度下β-磷酸三钙能诱导其成骨分化。     

跟骨骨折切开复位钛钢板内固定围术期护理

跟骨骨折是意外伤害常见病,随着科学技术的发展,手术方法及新型材料的使用也在不断改进。本文运用切开复位钛钢板内固定治疗跟骨骨折,得到了很好的效果。     

体外诱导大鼠骨髓干细胞向肝细胞样细胞的分化

以贴壁细胞分离法分离大鼠骨髓干细胞,体外扩增,采用细胞因子诱导骨髓干细胞定向分化为肝细胞。大鼠骨髓干细胞（MSCs）体外扩增后数量剧增,各诱导组细胞胞浆内可见红染的糖原颗粒;诱导培养4周,细胞上清尿素合成、ALT、AST水平随诱导时间的延长而增加,于第28天达到高峰。Westem—blot检测表明,诱导4d的细胞开始表达AFP蛋白,7d后达到高峰。以FGF-4联合HGF因子组诱导后肝细胞特征最显著。以细胞因子FGF-4、HGF、EGF为主的诱导培养体系能促使骨髓干细胞定向分化为肝细胞,其中FGF-4联合HGF细胞因子的应用更能提高骨髓干细胞定向分化为肝细胞的转化效率。     

南京地区610名公务员骨密度的年龄和性别特征分析

以南京地区610名公务员为研究对象,使用Sonost2000超声骨密度仪测试受试者跟骨骨质状态的T值、Z值、骨强度指数、骨折风险等指标。结果显示：男、女性同性别40～50岁年龄组的骨密度状态指标中的T值、骨强度指数和骨折风险,与30—40岁年龄组均有显著差异（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,男性50一60岁年龄组的z值的绝对值明显小于其他年龄组（P〈0．01）;同年龄组男、女性在各指标上均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）,男性各项骨密度指标值均优于同龄组女性。研究男、女性公务员骨密度的衰减明显期,可为其提高骨密度或防止骨密度衰减提供适宜的干预时机。