Global Technology Policies for Economic Growth

With the end of the Cold War, nations throughout the world are placing ever greater emphasis on economic growth. Over the last 50 years, advances in technology have been the single most important factor in creating growth in many economies, and thus policies to promote technological innovation rank high on the list of priorities for both developed and developing countries. In general, as countries progress up the economic ladder, national R&D intensity, (i.e., R&D/GDP), tends to increase along with per capita income. In addition, nations move through a discernible sequence of technology policies from an initial focus on infrastructure, through a set of actions designed to encourage technology acquisition from more advanced economies, to comprehensive education and research agendas targeted to the creation and development of new technology. In the United States, national technology policy for economic growth focuses on education, building a 21st century infrastructure, and creating a business climate that encourages growth, technological innovation, and risk taking.Throughout the last 50 years there have been significant changes in the competitive position of nations. In recent years, U.S. corporations have regained some of the competitive leadership they lost in the 1980s. This has been accompanied by significantly increased R&D spending by U.S. industry, particularly in the information and health care related sectors. U.S. industry funding of R&D overtook that from the government in the early 1980s and accounts for almost two-thirds of the national total.     

大学生心理疾病的体育疗法探讨

体育疗法对大学生心理疾病是一种行之有效的治疗方法,它具有主动、自然、易接受等特点,选择合适的体育项目和训练方法可治疗一些常见的心理疾病,如神经衰弱、焦虑、抑郁、恐惧症等。     

Farmers’ Preferences For Bluetongue Vaccination Scheme Attributes: An Integrated Choice and Latent Variable Approach

Re‐emergence of the bluetongue disease in Europe poses a continuous threat to European livestock production. Large‐scale vaccination is the most effective intervention to control virus spread. Compared to command‐and‐control approaches, voluntary vaccination approaches can be effective at lower costs, provided that farmers are willing to participate. We use a discrete choice experiment to estimate the preferences for vaccination scheme attributes, accounting for preference heterogeneity via an integrated choice and latent variable approach. In designing livestock disease control schemes, it is often argued that governments should use financial, incentive‐based policy instruments to compensate farmers for externalities, assuming they act in rational self‐interest. Our results suggest that in addition to economic motives, farmers can have intrinsic or social motives to invest in livestock disease control. Implications for the effectiveness of providing subsidy or information to motivate voluntary participation are discussed.     

吸入给药的文献计量学及可视化分析

为分析吸入给药的研究热点、前沿动态和发展趋势,通过CiteSpace软件对Web of Science数据库中2011—2020年吸入给药的相关文献进行研究,根据国家、机构之间的合作网络,关键词共现网络以及文献、期刊之间的共被引网络研究分析结果,共检索到相关文献2580篇.结果显示:1)近10年来吸入给药领域相关文献的...     

Beyond fragmentary: A proposed measure for travel vaccination concerns

The travel medicine literature points to travelers' concerns as significant promoters of their under-vaccinations. Therefore, this study researches the hitherto understudied concept of vaccination concern and its theoretical scope in the international travel space. It attempts a conceptualization of the concept by delimiting its theoretical scope and proposes a measure for it. An exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was used to conduct four interlocking studies using data from a netnography, field interviews, and surveys among varied international travelers. A scale with six dimensions, comprising safety, efficacy, cost, time, access, and autonomy concerns were revealed. The scale significantly explained mainstream and segments-based tourists' uptake attitudes and behavior for their eligible vaccines. The findings suggest that anti-travel vax sentiments and public vax sentiments despite conceptually similar are considerably distinct. The broad nature of the scale and its prediction of travelers' vaccine uptake make it clinically relevant for tracking and resolving concerns for increased vaccine uptake.     

盐酸普拉克索联合多巴丝肼片对帕金森病患者治疗效果、不良反应及生命质量的影响

目的探讨盐酸普拉克索联合多巴丝肼片对帕金森病患者治疗效果、不良反应及生命质量的影响。方法选取2016年2月至2019年2月大连市中心医院神经内二科收治的帕金森病患者60例作为研究对象,依据治疗方法不同分为盐酸普拉克索联合多巴丝肼片治疗组(联合治疗组,n=30)和单独多巴丝肼片治疗组(单独治疗组,n=30),比较两组患者的帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS)评分、临床疗效、不良反应发生情况、生命质量。结果治疗前,两组患者UPDRSⅠ、UPDRSⅡ、UPDRSⅢ、UPDRSⅣ、总UPDRS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患者的UPDRSⅠ、UPDRSⅡ、UPDRSⅢ、UPDRSⅣ、总UPDRS评分均显著降低,且联合治疗组患者的UPDRSⅠ、UPDRSⅡ、UPDRSⅢ、UPDRSⅣ、总UPDRS评分均显著低于单独治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合治疗组患者治疗有效率90.0%(27/30)显著高于单独治疗组70.0%(21/30)(P<0.05),不良反应发生率13.3%(4/30)显著低于单独治疗组26.7%(8/30)(P<0.05)。联合治疗组患者生命质量高比例63.3%(19/30)显著高于单独治疗组26.7%(8/30)(P<0.05),生命质量低比例6.7%(2/30)显著低于单独治疗组40.0%(12/30)(P<0.05),但两组患者生命质量中比例30.0%(9/30)、33.3%(10/30)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论盐酸普拉克索联合多巴丝肼片对帕金森病患者治疗效果较单独使用多巴丝肼片好,不良反应少,生命质量高。     

转变生产消费方式诉求下的动物福利规制分析——基于防控新冠肺炎的思考

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情给中国造成了重大生命健康和经济损失,也表明了合理利用与善待动物的重要性。中国已到了关注动物福利的发展阶段,改善动物福利水平不仅是保障食品安全、突破隐性贸易壁垒障碍的要求,更是促使人们改变生产与消费习惯,进而防范动物源性传染病疫情发生的要求。中国目前已有了对动物福利进行规制的民众基础,应进一步提升民众对动物福利的认知、加大对动物福利学理及国际规制趋向的研究。在此基础上制定有中国特色、长远引导、不断完善的与动物福利相关的法规、制度和政策,从而有效防范类似新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的发生。     

疫情过后对银行零售业务的浅思

2020年伊始,一场突如其来的新型冠状肺炎疫情扰乱了全国各行各业的发展步伐,包括人们的生活方式、思维和社会习惯。对于银行来说,客户的变化和营销模式的变化也随之而来。银行如何迎合这一局面并适应这一变化,做得更有温度、更有效率?论文一方面从银行一线人员作为行为主体做出了以客户为导向的营销策略和心理研究,另一方面从银行作为行为主体,针对客户、银行员工和零售发展方向作出了研究分析。     

Burden of Crohn’s disease in the United States: long-term healthcare and work-loss related costs

Abstract

Aims

To quantify the long-term direct and indirect costs among patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and specific subgroups of these patients in the United States from the private payer’s perspective.