建立天西林区野生动物疫源疫病监测预警体系的思考

通过对新疆天山西部林区野生动物疫源疫病监测现状的研究，提出为了保障人民群众健康，维护社会公共卫生安全，天西林区应尽快建立野生动物疫源疫病监测预警体系，采取将监测“哨位”前移到疫病源头；建立动物疫病长效防控机制，彻底阻断病毒传播；健全预防体制，从动物疫病的源头上加大防治力度；加强湿地保护，重建候鸟与人的隔离带等措施。     

福建省森林灾害的发生情况与主要成因分析

文章首先分析了森林灾害的构成要素与特点 ,并进而分析了 90年代福建省森林病虫害、森林火灾与乱砍滥伐这三类森林灾害的发生情况与主要成因 ,指出经济利益的驱动是森林灾害发生的根本原因。     

通心络胶囊对冠心病心绞痛患者血液流变学的影响

探讨通心络胶囊对冠心病心绞痛患者血液流变学的影响。选定冠心病心绞痛患者90例。随机抽取两组，治疗组给予通心络胶囊；对照组给予救尔心胶囊。结果表明：治疗组在改善血液流变学、血脂、心电图及临床疗效方面优于对照组（P〈0．01）。从而得出通心络胶囊可作为常规药物之一用在冠心病的防治上。     

资源诅咒传导机制之“荷兰病”——理论模型与实证研究

荷兰病指一个国家或地区的资源产业突然繁荣往往会通过要素、产品和货币市场的一系列反应挤出当地制造业,使之逐渐衰退,或者难以起步,它是典型的资源诅咒传导机制之一。本文首先简单介绍了荷兰病产生的原因和危害,然后借助模型分析详细解释其背后的原理,继而通过实证和案例分析说明在我国,荷兰病具有相当的普遍性,并且不同于荷兰、挪威等发达国家,我国荷兰病的主要症结在于挤出制造业固定资产投资,而非提高劳动力雇佣成本。最后,以现实为基础提出如何改变我国资源富集地区产业单一化和初级化的政策建议,目的在于充分发挥这些地区的资源优势,缩小东西部差距。     

Cardiovascular event costs in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective:

To quantify the cost of acute major adverse cardiac events (MACE; myocardial infarction [MI] and stroke) stratified by cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in commercially, Medicare Supplemental-, and Medicaid-insured patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).     

湿热地区白加黑路面典型病害特征及机理研究

依托茂湛高速采集白加黑路面段落路表病害、内部结构病害、承载力状况等数据，分析得出：湿热地区白加黑路面路表病害中裂缝类病害占比95%以上，其次是松散类病害，变形类病害较少；内部病害以贯穿裂缝为主，水泥板底脱空情况普遍。通过对比不同种类病害发生的比例、位置、上下结构层位对应状况，分别揭示了主要病害类型的发育机理。最后，结合高温、潮湿、重载的交通环境条件，推荐了白加黑路面状况的评价指标和病害处治方案。     

Socioeconomic burden of trypanosomiasis: Evidence from crop and livestock production in Ethiopia

This paper estimates the impact of trypanosomiasis on crop-livestock production, economic loss and poverty in Ethiopia. We use unique panel data to estimate how the disease affects livestock deaths, production costs and crop production. We then use these estimates to evaluate the disease's total economic loss and its implications on poverty in the study districts and the country. Estimates of the fixed effect regression models indicate that trypanosomiasis increases the value of livestock deaths by 33% and production costs by 63%. Crop production decreases by 14% when trypanosomiasis and oxen death coexist. We estimate that the direct economic loss is about US$58,300 per annum in the study districts. The estimated countrywide economic loss is about US$94 million per annum. Had the government prevented this economic loss and invested it in social protection programmes, it could have lifted about 9000 people in the study districts and about 200,000 people in the country above the national poverty line per annum. These findings indicate that trypanosomiasis remains a major production constraint. Controlling the disease appears to be pro-poor, calling for more policy attention.     

医疗保险是否改善了老年人的慢性病医疗状况? ——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析

本文基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,利用Heckman样本选择模型、二阶段最小二乘模型(2SLS)等方法,在高血压、糖尿病等慢性病纳入医保门诊报销的背景下,实证检验了医疗保险对我国城乡老年人慢性病医疗状况的影响.研究发现:(1)医疗保险显著增加了老年人慢性病的门诊和住院医疗费用,且城市和男性老年人的支出明显高于农村和女性老年人,但医疗保险对老年人慢性病住院医疗支出增长的影响呈减弱趋势;(2)医疗保险显著提高了老年人慢性病医疗服务利用率,增加了老年人及时就医的概率;(3)医疗保险显著降低了老年人慢性病的自付比例,减轻了老年人的医疗负担.     

The effect of natural gas discoveries in Israel on the strength of its currency

In light of the natural gas discoveries in the Mediterranean Sea and their impact on the Israeli economy, I must assess the change in the exchange rate and its impact on the foreign exchange market. There are numerous positive social impacts resulting from the gas discoveries including optimising Israel's energy security and its move to cleaner energy. However, not all of the consequences of discovering natural resources may be positive. One possibly negative outcome could be the well-known phenomenon called the “Dutch disease” in which the discovery of a natural resource can cause a country's currency to spike. To investigate whether the strengthening of the Israeli currency in recent years is a symptom of the “Dutch disease” I used daily and intraday event study methodology to explore the changes in the real exchange rate of the Israeli shekel and the US dollar between 2008 and 2017, according to announcements related to the gas discoveries published during this period. In addition, I examined whether an increase in the real exchange rate was a result of the publication of announcements about natural gas harming the manufacturing and industrial sectors. I found that announcements related to gas discoveries did affect the real exchange rate and caused an appreciation of the Israeli shekel. Investors could analyse the announcements and achieve an abnormal return in the foreign exchange market. In addition, investors' expectations of an appreciation in the real exchange rate causes damage to various manufacturing and industrial sectors.     

公路沥青路面病害分析及养护

沥青砼路面由于表层平整性好、耐磨性强、振动低与防水性较佳等优势,从而在公路项目施工建设中得到了普遍运用。而受限于自然环境与外部荷载的干扰,沥青路面容易发生裂缝等各种病害,使其使用性能受到了较大影响。为了让公路沥青路面使用年限得以延长,有关检测部门应当详细了解其病害的形成原因,采取有效的检测与预防制度,加强养护工作,以此尽量减轻病害的形成,确保交通通行的安全性。