日本资本市场开放:动因、过程与经验教训

战后日本经济的恢复与发展和来自美国、OECD等外部环境的压力是日本资本市场对外开放的内外两大背景因素,日本采取的是全方位的有限制的渐进的直接开放模式。日本政府采取的逐步开放政策,对于日元向资本项目下自由兑换体制的平稳过渡发挥了积极作用。由于我国目前的情况与日本有相似性,因此,深入分析日本资本市场开放的动因、过程与经验教训,可对我国资本市场的开放提供借鉴。     

Religion,social capital and business bankruptcy in the United States, 1921–1932

We consider the value of social capital that derives from membership in a church. American states with larger churchgoing populations had lower business bankruptcy rates from 1921 to 1932, and states in which the churchgoing population was concentrated in few churches had business bankruptcy rates that were lower still. Both voluntary and involuntary bankruptcy were lower in states with higher church membership. The evidence suggests that church membership acted on bankruptcy through a safety net mechanism and not solely through indicating a preference for honouring commitment.     

Effective Nonverbal Communication Techniques

Developing effective marketing strategies for profes- sional service firms presents many unique challen es and is an im- portant area of practice development that many &ns often wer- look. Professional service firms ossess very distinctive P characteristics which differentiate them rom other service firms and require specialized marketing strategies. The purpose of this article is to assist practitioners in their efforts to develop promotional strat- egies which will enhance their firm's professional image and in- crease the firm's ability to engage new clients. These strategies arc aimed specifically at certified public accountants, lawyers, archi- tects, and other professionals.     

Volatility of capital flows and financial liberalization: Do specific flows respond differently?

This paper examines the volatility of capital flows following the liberalization of financial markets. Utilizing a panel data set of overlapping data, the paper focuses on the response of foreign direct investment, portfolio flows, and other debt flows to financial liberalization. The financial liberalization variable comes from the chronology and index developed by Kaminsky and Schmukler [Kaminsky, G.L. and Schmukler, S.L., 2003, Short-run pain, long-run gain: The effects of financial liberalization, IMF Working Paper WP/03/34.]. Different types of capital flows are found to respond differently to financial liberalization. Surprisingly, portfolio flows appear to show little response to capital liberalization while foreign direct investment flows show significant increases in volatility, particularly for the emerging markets considered.     

国际投资协定中最惠国待遇条款的新发展与中国的应对之策

在经济全球化时代，跨国投资日益成为与跨国贸易相提并重的国际经济支柱之一。对跨国投资的保护也成为当今社会各国间谈判的主要议题。国际投资协定在具体内容上已显现出与传统国际投资协定的很大区别，最惠国待遇条款作为其中的一个核心要素，在具体内容、适用范围以及投资仲裁实践中也出现了一些新的发展，成为国际投资领域经济自由化的一个重要手段，体现了国际投资领域的发展趋势。     

金融深化与政策性银行的发展

金融全球化、金融自由化和经济金融化构成了中国金融深化的主要方面 ,对政策性银行的影响也越来越大。为此 ,必须加快立法 ,协调政策性银行与商业性银行的关系 ;加强财政支持 ,完善资金来源渠道 ;积极进行业务创新 ,拓展运营方式 ;加强风险管理 ,走可持续发展道路。     

Learning from a rival bank and lending boom

When bankers observe a rival winning in the interbank competition for lending to a firm, they infer that the firm may be more promising than they had thought. From this consideration, they loosen their creditworthiness tests and lower the interest rates they offer in the next lending competition for the firm. Increased interbank competition reduces the impact of this observational learning and decreases the credit risk taken by each bank because of a severe winner's curse, while it increases the aggregate risk taken by the entire banking sector.     

WTO下的金融服务贸易自由化与国家经济安全

本文通过对《金融服务协议》(FSA)有关条款及制度设计的考察,说明WTO下的金融服务贸易自由化可保证成员国政策的独立性、资本的有限流动及金融资产安全;各国金融服务市场开放程度由谈判程序和正列举承诺方式决定的制度设计可保证成员国根据本国金融业竞争力水平自主决定其开放进程。文章结论认为,WTO下的成员国金融服务贸易自由化不会引致本国经济的不安全。     

由金融抑制到金融深化的路径选择——国际比较与中国经验

上世纪90年代以来,一些实施金融深化发展战略的发展中国家相继爆发了金融危机,这不仅加剧了学术界的理论争论并产生某种理论偏向,而且更是使那些正在或准备实施金融深化战略的发展中国家对金融深化理论产生了动摇和怀疑。在对金融深化理论进行综述和评价的基础上,结合发展中国家的金融改革实践,对金融深化理论和实现路径提出了一些看法。     

利率市场化初期的同业拆借利率

随着我国利率市场化改革的不断深入，央行基准利率对同业拆借率的影响日益明显。本文分阶段对两变量的因果关系进行实证分析，通过部分调整模型给出了基准利率对同业拆借率的短期效应和长期效应。