Utilizing urban form characteristics in urban logistics analysis: a case study in Lisbon,Portugal

Within the realm of urban logistics, Macário (2013) developed a hypothesis, denominated the Logistics Profile (LP) concept that suggests homogeneous groups of urban zones with respect to three dimensions, which could be used to analyze freight movement policy: (1) the social and built environment; (2) characteristics of the goods/products being moved; (3) characteristics of the deliveries at the receiver establishment. The concept was expected to ease the transferability of best practices in city logistics, by analyzing similarities and differences between zones. This research uses a quantitative methodology to apply the LP concept, and assess its potential, using the city of Lisbon as a case study. The analysis is focused on: (a) the extrapolation of freight trip generation per establishment and delivery characteristics from a sample of commercial establishments to the population within the case study, (b) proposing a methodology to test the LPs, (c) testing the existence of proposed LPs. Freight trips have been extrapolated using a Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA) model. Freight delivery characteristics were attributed to establishments from a sample-based probability distribution. LPs were tested using a two-step cluster analysis. Some LPs have been matched with clusters of case-study zones, subject to case study particularities. Profile overlap was not an issue and occurrences were expected. The testing showed that Logistic Profiles have the potential for being used as a departure point for urban freight planning and policy analysis.     

企业高管团队整合领导力提升的行动学习模式

讨论了高管团队整合领导力及其与企业绩效的关系，分析了企业高管团队整合领导力运行机理，应用系统工程理论方法，构建了企业高管团队整合领导力系统运行模型。概括总结了行动学习原理以及研究理论，指出了企业高管团队整合领导力提升的关键要素，在此基础上，应用经验学习循环和群体动力学理论方法，构建了基于行动学习的高管团队整合领导力培育“3循环”学习模式。从而，为企业高管团队整合领导力的培育与提升提供了一点粗浅的新思路和方法。     

论词的形式美对词传播的影响

历经几千年的沧桑,古典诗词依旧传播广远,远远超过新诗。探究其长盛不衰的原因,当然是多种多样的。一直以来,其所具有的一整套公共意象被认为是主要原因。但除开公共意象,古典诗词本身所具有的一整套严格的音韵格律形式也是致使其广为流传的重要原因之一,而且从某种意义上而言比公共意象的作用还要明显。以古典诗词中的词为例,试图单纯从形式的角度出发,并结合一些传播学的相关理论,分析词体形式对词体传播的影响。     

Urban containment in action? Long-term dynamics of self-contained urban growth in compact and dispersed regions of southern Europe

The present study illustrates an indicator of self-contained urban growth derived from official statistics with the aim of verifying if a shift from compactness towards settlement diffusion has occurred in cities with different socioeconomic and morphological characteristics. According to this approach, changes in settlement's distribution and density were assessed in four Mediterranean cities (Lisbon, Barcelona, Rome, and Athens) during 80 years between 1919 and 2001. Results indicated that settlement distribution, building density and self-contained urban growth diverged in the four regions since the early 1980s. However, cities with a compact form showed an higher self-contained growth rate than cities with dispersed form. These findings contrast with the similarity in settlement characteristics, population trends, and spatial organization of economic activities observed during the ‘compact growth’ phase (1950–1980) in all examined regions. Comparative analyses of exurban development through morphological indicators may inform strategies promoting self-contained urban growth.     

西方绘画表现形式对电影艺术的影响

电影艺术是现代社会的产物,其艺术理论与表现手法都明显受到西方绘画的影响。绘画表现形式对于电影的影响是全方位的,影响电影艺术家创作的主要因素体现在电影画面的安排上,其中较为明显的是色彩、构图与造型三个方面。     

区域性超国家组织及其诸种形式辨析

区域性超国家组织大量形成是当代社会政治结构演化过程中出现的一种新形式,它主要是国家政府间的集团组织。规模较大的组织有欧洲联盟、非洲联盟、美洲国家组织、东南亚国家联盟、上海合作组织、独立国家联合体等。这种超国家机构多是在经济全球化过程中跨国家、跨地区的经济共同体或经济协作组织大规模迅速发展而导致政治合作的产物。这些组织类型不同,功能各异,有的政治功能强,有的经济功能强,有的属军事合作,有的是洲际性的,有的则是区域性的,但影响远非局限于某一区域。各种各样的超国家组织正处在发展演化过程中。     

中国共产党领导下的社会主义商品流通发展历程与经验启示

在中国共产党领导经济建设的百年历程中,发展社会主义商品流通是其中的重要内容。在经历了新民主主义革命时期、社会主义革命和建设时期、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期、中国特色社会主义新时代等各个时期的发展后,商品流通逐渐形成了中国特色,与社会主义市场经济体制相适应的现代流通体系初步建立并愈益完善。在发展社会主义商品流通历程中积累的宝贵经验,包括持续深化流通市场化改革、统筹推进流通治理 现代化、不懈探索中国流通特色创新、发挥流通在经济高质量发展中的作用等,对于新时代持续深化流通体制改革和构建现代流通体系具有重要启示。     

政府补助、社会责任与流通企业效率

文章从流通视角出发,理论层面分析政府补助对流通企业效率的影响,探讨企业履行社会责任在政府补助与流通企业效率间可能存在的中介机制,并考察国有企业的调节效应。进一步利用我国沪深两市A股241家上市流通企业2010-2020年的非平衡面板数据进行经验检验,研究发现：(1)政府补助会促进流通企业效率的提升;(2)社会责任在政府补助与流通企业效率的关系中存在中介效应,即政府补助能够使流通企业履行更多的社会责任,并由此推动流通企业效率的提升;(3)国有企业存在直接调节效应和间接调节效应。相较于非国有流通企业,国有流通企业所获政府补助以及履行社会责任对企业效率的提升作用更低。研究为深化流通体制改革,提升流通效率提供了新的经验证据。     

Allocative efficiency of rural water supply – a globally flexible SGM cost frontier

This contribution investigates the efficiency of water suppliers in rural areas of East and West Germany. A non-radial measure of input specific allocative inefficiency is used to reduce the distributional dependency with respect to the inefficiency parameters. It is based on the demand system of a flexible cost function for the variable inputs labour, energy and chemicals modelled by applying a modified symmetric generalized McFadden functional form. Concavity restrictions, as required by economic theory, are imposed. The analysis reveals that efforts towards increasing suppliers’ allocative efficiency should focus on the relatively inefficient usage of the input chemicals. The input specific allocative model specification was found to be superior to the overall allocative specification.

体育教学组织形式与指导原则

体育教学是联系教师的"教"和学生的"学"的纽带,教师如何组织教学直接影响着教学的质量和效果。教师要树立"健康第一"的指导思想,以学生为本,组织教学应适应体育教学组织形式的变化,以促进学生的发展。