试论强化我国地理标志的法律保护——以法国香槟酒行业委员会与商标评审委员会商标争议纠纷为引

随着经济的发展,人们越来越重视地理标志在市场竞争中的作用。各国均在法律层面对地理标志予以保护,并采用不同的立法模式。我国表现为结合运用《商标法》和《地理标志产品保护规定》来保护地理标志。但从实践来看,此种方式尚存在缺陷。在最新修订的《商标法》中也没有提出将地理标志区分于其他标志而给予针对性的规定。为了进一步发挥其在国际竞争中的经济价值,我国应当给予地理标志更大力度的保护。     

浅谈如何确保企业质量体系有效运行

企业在取得ISO9000质量体系认证后,应正确对待所取得的证书,并采取有效措施,确保质量体系能够持续有效的运行。结合工作实际情况,对维持质量体系有效运行的几种措施进行了详细的阐述。     

With or without you: The positive and negative influence of retail companions

This study evaluates whether the influence of shopping with a companion is consistent across retail contexts with service components or between genders. An experiment asked participants to recall and evaluate their most recent solo or joint restaurant or shopping experience. Results demonstrate that for restaurant experiences, there is a positive influence of others on individual time spent, money spent, satisfaction, and attitude toward the act. For shopping experiences, however, these effects were either strengthened or reversed dependent upon gender. For (males) females, joint shopping experiences are linked to (increased) decreased amount paid, attitude toward the act, and re-patronage intentions.     

Collective self-governance in a marine community: expedition cruise tourism at Svalbard

Collective self-governance is gaining attention in the literature for maintaining the quality of key attractions and promoting sustainable tourism. The long-term success of collective self-governance is dependent on both its internal organization and its embeddedness in external state and non-state regulations. This paper presents the marine community concept, consisting of a policy and a user community, as a framework for investigating the internal and external dynamics of collective self-governance and its ability to steer toward sustainable cruise tourism. As methodology, a case study design was chosen which was primarily studied by means of interviews with a spectrum of relevant actors concerning expedition cruise tourism at Svalbard. By applying the marine community to Svalbard expedition cruise tourism governance, we draw the following conclusions: (1) collective self-governance complements governmental regulation through access to knowledge, conflict resolution and rule-compliance based on disclosure, traceability and trust; (2) collective self-governance's increasing role in the policy community alienates the expedition crew from the user community; and (3) informational overflow by co-existence of collective self-governance and state-governance challenges sustainable cruise tourism. Collective self-governance would, therefore, benefit from reflection, especially regarding the role of the user community that functions as an intermediary between state and self-governance regulations.     

论民法中诉讼时效制度适用范围

在日常生活中,任何人都无法离开法律而生活,因为法律是与生活息息相关的。正如西方法律谚语所说:立法者不是创设法律,而是发现法律。生活离不开法律,法律来自于生活。生活里人们无时不刻地在为自己和他人创设权利与设置义务,从而生成各种民事法律关系。但是,权利与义务不会无休无止地存在,当一方信守承诺积极履行自己的义务时,另一方亦不能"躺在权利的床上酣眠"。不论是权利还是义务,都会有消亡的时刻,即一个时间限制,法律中叫做时效。为此,对中国公民哪些权利会受到时效的限制及该受多长时间的限制进行了论述。     

Institutions and Work Incentives in Collective Farming in Maoist China

This paper challenges the conventional wisdom that assumes widespread shirking and inefficiency in agricultural production under the collective system in Maoist China, and attributes these problems to egalitarianism in labour remuneration and difficulties in labour supervision. Drawing on interviews with 131 former production team members from 16 provinces, this paper re‐examines the issue of work incentives by placing it in a historical and social context in which formal institutions, such as the different forms of collective organization, income distribution and state extraction, as well as informal institutions, such as indigenous social networks, communal norms and collective sanction, interacted with non‐institutional factors, especially local geographical, demographic and ecological conditions, to constrain and motivate Chinese villagers participating in collective production. The complexity and fluidity of this context gave rise to a multiplicity of patterns of peasant behaviour in team farming, which accounts for the contrasting performances of rural collectives in different areas and periods.     

Entrepreneurial Hustle: Navigating Uncertainty and Enrolling Venture Stakeholders through Urgent and Unorthodox Action

Entrepreneurs need to act under conditions of uncertainty and resource constraints to bring new, often-unrecognizable products to market and convince an unknown set of stakeholders to support their endeavours. The type of action entrepreneurs take to navigate uncertain entrepreneurial contexts is underspecified. We analysed 48 interviews with entrepreneurs to inductively identify an action-oriented construct we labelled as entrepreneurial hustle – an entrepreneur’s urgent, unorthodox actions that are intended to be useful in addressing immediate challenges and opportunities under conditions of uncertainty. In a follow-up study, we use an experimental vignette approach to assess the impact of an entrepreneur’s hustle on venture stakeholders. Findings suggest that entrepreneurial hustle positively influences stakeholder perceptions of the entrepreneur’s leadership effectiveness and a venture’s legitimacy, mediated by perceptions of the entrepreneur’s ability-based trustworthiness. We conclude that entrepreneurial hustle is a fundamental behaviour that enables entrepreneurs to enrol new venture stakeholders and lead their entrepreneurial efforts.