旅游产业发展与居民消费结构——基于1994～2009年经验数据

旅游产业的发展和居民消费结构有重要的关联,研究居民消费结构的变化对旅游产业的发展具有十分重要的意义。通过对1994～2009年旅游消费和居民消费结构有关数据的分析,发现我国旅游消费的增长速度在不断放缓,导致旅游产业的发展可能面临瓶颈。城乡二元结构对旅游消费有重要影响,城镇居民旅游消费降低与住房、医疗和教育等支出有关,农村居民旅游消费可能会发展为新的增长点。     

城乡居民消费结构与产业结构、经济增长关联研究——基于VAR模型的实证分析

运用VAR模型对城乡居民消费结构与产业结构、经济增长的关联性进行了实证分析。研究结果显示,城乡居民消费结构与产业结构、经济增长之间均存在长期均衡关系;经济增长能够促进城乡消费结构的升级,但对农村的促进作用要比城市滞后;城市居民消费结构升级对产业结构升级具有较弱的正向诱导效应,而农村居民消费结构则不具备这种效应。     

我国农业支持与农民收入和消费的再思考——基于整体性的多变量协整系统

把农民收入和消费及财政支农和农村金融置于一个框架下进行了考察。基于1978—2008年数据拟合的多变量协整模型较好地反映了我国农村经济的特点,结果表明,农业财政和金融在长期可显著提高农民收入,金融信贷在短期可有效扩大农民消费,并且农村金融体系较好地保证了内源融资的效率;消费方程反映出我国农民消费具有短视性特点,对同期收入过度敏感。     

浅析收入差距产生的不确定性及其对农民消费行为的影响

从农村居民收入差距扩大的角度对农村居民收入的不确定预期进行分析,通过基尼系数对农民消费倾向的影响模型分析,得出收入差距扩大是产生收入不确定性感受增强的一个原因,并且在市场经济体制改革后收入差距的增大对农村居民消费需求产生了负影响。提出相应建议以缩小收入差距,降低农村居民收入的不确定性,扩大农村消费。     

城市化与能源消费的动态相关性及其传导机制——基于1978年～2008年的实证研究

笔者依据1978年~2008年时间序列数据,实证分析了我国城市化与能源消费之间的动态相关性,并对城市化与能源消费之间的关联效应及其传导机制进行了考察。结果表明,我国城市化与能源消费存在协整关系,短期内存在误差修正机制;城市化对能源消费的影响主要是通过其规模效应和技术效应表现出来,而第三产业的节能效应尚不明显。     

Investigating the gap between citizens' sustainability attitudes and food purchasing behaviour: empirical evidence from Brazilian pork consumers

Consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with sustainable production and consumption. Recently, a comprehensive study ranked 17 countries in regard to their environmentally friendly behaviour among consumers. Brazil was one of the top countries in the list. Yet, several studies highlight significant differences between consumers' intentions to consume ethically, and their actual purchase behaviour: the so‐called ‘Attitude‐Behaviour Gap’. In developing countries, few studies have been conducted on this issue. The objective of this study is therefore to investigate the gap between citizens' sustainability‐related attitudes and food purchasing behaviour using empirical data from Brazil. To this end, Brazilian citizens' attitudes towards pig production systems were mapped through conjoint analysis and their coexistence with relevant pork product‐related purchasing behaviour of consumers was investigated through cluster analysis. The conjoint experiment was carried out with empirical data collected from 475 respondents surveyed in the South and Center‐West regions of Brazil. The results of the conjoint analysis were used for a subsequent cluster analysis in order to identify clusters of Brazilian citizens with diversified attitudes towards pig production systems, using socio‐demographics, attitudes towards sustainability‐related themes that are expected to influence the way they evaluate pig production systems, and consumption frequency of various pork products as clusters' background information. Three clusters were identified as ‘indifferent’, ‘environmental conscious’ and ‘sustainability‐oriented’ citizens. Although attitudes towards environment and nature had indeed an influence on citizens' specific attitudes towards pig farming at the cluster level, the relationship between ‘citizenship’ and consumption behaviour was found to be weak. This finding is similar to previous research conducted with European consumers: what people (in their role of citizens) think about pig production systems does not appear to significantly influence their pork consumption choices. Improvements in the integrated management of this chain would better meet consumers' sustainability‐related expectations towards pig production systems.     

Materialism and conspicuous consumption in China: a cross‐cultural examination

With the growing rise in consumer spending and economic power in Asian societies, it is increasingly important to explore the implications of these developments on consumer culture. This cross‐cultural study first discusses the rise of materialism and conspicuous consumption in post‐revolution China then examines differences in these phenomena between young adult consumers, aged 18–35, living in urban China and the United States. Utilizing survey data from over 600 respondents, significant differences were found in both materialism and conspicuous consumption, with Chinese young adults scoring higher in both variables. The findings show, that compared with past comparative studies, it appears both materialism and conspicuous consumption are on the rise among urban Chinese consumers.     

Idiosyncratic use of credit facilities by consumers in an emerging economy

A worldwide increase in household debt since the turn of the century has created considerable concern about the indebtedness of households, especially those in emerging economies that have been hit particularly hard by the global economic slump. In this study, the credit consumption of consumers in Swaziland (N = 264) was investigated by means of a survey that aimed to identify and describe factors that encouraged consumers' use of credit, the influence of credit on their buying behaviour when choosing major household appliances or furniture as well as consumers' knowledge of the conditions of credit facilities that were available for their use in retail. Findings revealed that consumers unequivocally appreciate the convenience that is associated with credit, specifically to cope with unexpected purchases, to benefit from special offers and opportunity to afford expensive goods. These advantages apparently negate the negative consequences such as high interest rates and strain on household budgets. Mean scores that were obtained in the knowledge test that only reflected upon credit agreements that respondents have actually entered into in the past, confirmed their ignorance pertaining to their contractual obligations and their consequent vulnerability. Consumers' age and gender seem to have noteworthy consequences for efforts to enhance informed consumer decision‐making. Younger females were significantly better informed that their older counterpart while the reverse was true for males, although differences were not significant. The significant inverse relationship between income and the LS‐means for the credit knowledge test differ from findings in developed countries and provide valuable opportunity for further investigation.     

论物流与电子商务

随着信息化、网络化的普及,网络消费必将成为消费者消费的主流模式。消费者消费模式的改变促进了物流、资金流、信息流在操作利用模式上的独立化,但是三者之间的相互作用表现得越来越明显。有效地将三者结合运用将极大地推动现代消费模式的发展,降低社会物流成本。     

大学生“村官”创业态度和创业倾向的影响因素分析——以温州市为例

本课题调查小组选择温州大学生＂村官＂创业态度和创业倾向作为调查主题,目的是希望通过了解当前温州大学生＂村官＂对待创业问题的看法,了解大学生＂村官＂创业现状及存在的问题,多角度分析当前政策实施的有效性,从而为改善和拓宽大学生＂村官＂创业渠道提供决策参考。