浅谈语境设置在英美概况课中的应用

本文通过了解语境这一概念以及语境设置的意义来分析语境的设置在大学英美概况课程中的应用,说明了语境的设置对英美概况教学中学生能力的培养具有非常重要的作用。     

A context-based service matching approach towards functional reliability for industrial systems

ABSTRACT

As service-oriented computing is commonly used in industrial systems to deal with the continually changing business environment, matching processes with existing services becomes one of the most important phases in constructing, integrating and optimizing information systems. The precision of semantic service matching becomes a critical factor in ensuring the correctness of functionalities in system processes. However, the dependability of semantic service matching cannot be warranted in complex contexts. To improve semantic service matching for industrial systems, a context-based semantic service matching approach named ‘Process-Based service MatchMaker’(PBMM) is proposed in this paper. It selects the suitable services for the process from candidate services through taking the dependencies of related services process into consideration.     

中国企业社会责任模型探索——对企业社会责任层次论的反思

企业社会责任层次论是西方企业社会责任理论中最具代表性的理论,但在中国情境下,这种理论的缺陷直接制约了我国企业社会责任理念的建立。为此,探索中国情境下的企业社会责任维度,构建一个适合中国本土情境的企业社会责任模型,是目前中国企业社会责任理论研究界的一个重要历史使命。本研究通过设计一个开放式问卷进行大样本的调研和通过深度访谈的途径,获取了中国企业社会责任状况的第一手资料,通过质化分析,共得到中国企业社会责任的15个概念维度、6个范畴,在此基础上,构建起中国本土特色的企业社会责任人体模型。比较分析的结果表明,中国与西方国家企业社会责任的概念范畴既有相同之处,又存在显著的差异,这进一步表明在中国企业社会责任方面开展高水平本土化研究的必要性。     

情景语境中教学方法对学生语言习得影响的研究报告

如何能提高英语教学的质量和学生英语学习的效率是英语教学工作者和学习者十分关心的一个问题。文章旨在探讨情景教学法对学生语言习得的影响,以及其对英语教学的启示,以探讨英语教学的方法,提高英语教学的质量。     

Project management systems: Moving project management from an operational to a strategic discipline

This article illustrates one aspect of the concept of “fit” between an organization's implementation of project management and its organizational context by exploring how the underlying drivers of an organization's strategy might influence not only the nature of the projects that it undertakes, but also the appropriateness of the arrangements that it makes to manage those projects. Using a model conceptualized from the literature on strategic management, an analysis of four organizations that have made significant investments in project management over the past 5 years supports the hypothesis that the degree of “fit” between an organization's strategic drivers of value and the configuration of its project management system influences the value it obtains from project management.     

A Spatial Multilevel Analysis of Italian SMEs' Productivity

Abstract

In this paper, we adapt multilevel analysis methods to investigate the spatial variability of SMEs' productivity across the Italian territory, and account for differences in the socio-economic context. Our results suggest that to properly capture the variability of the data, it is important to allow for both spatial mean and slope effects. Social decay has the expected negative impact. However, while this effect is larger on firms with smaller capital intensity, firms with higher capital intensity seem to be less affected by geography. Greater territorial heterogeneity emerges among those firms with lower capital to labour ratios.

Une analyse spatiale á plusieurs niveaux de la productivité de PME italiennes

Résumé dans la présente communication, nous adaptons des méthodes d'analyse à plusieurs niveaux pour examiner la variabilité spatiale de la productivité de PME sur l'intégralité du territoire italien, et évaluer les différences sur un plan socio-économique. Nos résultats indiquent que pour saisir correctement la variabilité des données, il est important de tenir compte à la fois de la moyenne spatiale et des effets des pentes. La désintégration sociale a l'effet négatif escompté. Toutefois, tandis que cet effet est plus important pour des entreprises à moindre intensité capitalistique, les entreprises à intensité capitalistique majeure semblent être moins affectées par des facteurs géographiques. On relève une hétérogénéité majeure parmi les entreprises au ratio capital/main-d’?uvre inférieur.

Un análisis espacial de niveles múltiples de la productividad de pequeñ as y medianas empresas italianas

Extracto En este trabajo, adaptamos métodos de análisis de niveles múltiples para investigar la variabilidad espacial de la productividad de pequeñas y medianas empresas a lo largo del territorio italiano, y tenemos en cuenta las diferencias dentro del contexto socioeconómico. Nuestros resultados sugieren que para capturar apropiadamente la variabilidad de los datos, es importante tener en consideración los efectos de la pendiente y media espacial. El deterioro social tiene el efecto negativo esperado. No obstante, aunque este efecto es mayor en las empresas con una intensidad de capital menor, las empresas con una mayor intensidad de capital parecen estar menos afectadas por la geografía. Una mayor heterogeneidad territorial emerge entre las empresas con relaciones más bajas entre capital y mano de obra.

     

Changing HRM systems in two Russian oil companies: Western hegemony or Russian spetsifika?

We contrast attempts to introduce what were seen as sophisticated Western-style human resource management (HRM) systems into two Russian oil companies – a joint venture with a Western multinational corporation (TNK-BP) and a wholly Russian-owned company (Yukos). The drivers for Western hegemony within the joint venture, heavily influenced by expatriates and the established HRM processes introduced by the Western parent, were counteracted to a significant degree by the Russian spetsifika – the peculiarly Russian way of thinking and doing things. In contrast, developments were absorbed faster in the more authoritarian Russian-owned company. The research adds to the theoretical debate about international knowledge transfer and provides detailed empirical data to support our understanding of the effect of both organizational and cultural context on the knowledge-transfer mechanisms of local and multinational companies. As the analysis is based on the perspective of senior local nationals, we also address a relatively under-researched area in the international HRM literature which mostly relies on empirical data collected from expatriates and those based solely in multinational headquarters.     

Inventory inaccuracies in the wholesale supply chain

The inventory level shown in the Information System contrary to popular belief and assumptions in most academic papers and in spite of the considerable amounts invested in information technology, is often inaccurate. The inventory inaccuracy occurs when the inventory shown in the Information System is not in agreement with the actually available inventory. In this paper, we first describe the major factors generating inventory inaccuracy. Then, we provide situations permitting to manage an inventory system subject to errors. We provide a general framework permitting to model the inventory inaccuracy issue. In particular, we link the inaccuracy issue with the well known random yield problem. The shown link permits us to derive the optimal ordering policy of an inventory framework where demand satisfaction is done based on the inventory records (which are subject to inaccuracies). We also propose an analysis permitting to show the added value of an advanced identification system such as the RFID technology.     

浅谈欧美影片片名翻译的语境效应

电影是门艺术,电影译名是影片的眼睛,如同书名翻译一样,是不同文化的交流。观众对象不同,文化和欣赏习惯也有差异。因此,在进行影片片名翻译的时候,就应该引入一个新的元素——语境。好的译名应具有以小见大、贴近文化、意境美的特点,要把语境因素与片名的翻译结合起来,真正达到片名的＂入乡随俗＂。     

从关联理论视角解读幽默言语的认知过程

关联理论作为解释人类交际的认知语用学理论,同样也适用于幽默言语的研究。幽默言语的认知过程遵循最佳关联原则,即从启动最大关联语境的第一阶段进入到寻找最佳关联语境的第二阶段。而幽默言语的幽默效应正是来自于最大关联与最佳关联之间意义的反差。