我国国债政策的走向分析

国债是市场经济国家实施宏观调控不可或缺的政策工具,在现代经济发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用.在以增债和扩支为主要内容的积极财政政策逐步稳健后,作为其主力军的国债政策也应适时调整.应该逐步减少建设国债的发行,调整建设国债的投资方向;调整国债发行结构和持有者结构,创新品种;并且要加快财政支出体制改革,逐步减少财政赤字;同时还要注意国债政策与其它政策的配合使用.     

关于积极财政政策的若干认识

积极财政政策是反周期扩张性财政政策的中国式表述，代表性事项是政府举借长期建设国债筹资而用于投资、扩大内需，投资的重点体现了政府职能的优化调整和短期目标与中长期目标的结合衔接。我国这一扩张性政策在支持发展的同时，赤字控制在可接受范围内，其在过去五年内对国民经济的贡献应充分肯定，其成效将会发生长久影响。2003年这一政策继续实行，在实现反周期基本目标之后这一政策必然要淡出。     

我国绿色债券规则完善与制度优化研究

绿色债券是实现“双碳”目标不可或缺的力量。近年来,我国绿色债券市场快速发展,发行规模持续增长,呈现出创新品种不断出现、债券期限短期化、向高评级主体集中等特点;同时,也存在市场基础设施不完善、发行端审批程序优势不明显以及投资端绿色激励不足等问题。未来,要从市场基础设施、发行端和投资端三个方面完善相关规则与制度,推动我国绿色债券市场持续健康发展。     

Market reaction on convertible bonds offering： An agency cost of free cash flow perspective

By investigating ＂announcement effects＂ of 48 CBS and 439 pure equity offering in Chinese A-share listed companies, this paper finds that, in general, convertible bonds issue announcement may elicit a negative stock price response, firms with convertible bonds issue announcement experience significantly higher mean of abnormal returns than firms with equity issue announcement, and the fallen stock price is positively related to offering size, and negatively related to debt/asset ratio. Further, we find those firms with less undistributed cash flow and more growth opportunity experience significantly higher price response than firms with more undistributed cash flow and less growth opportunity. The empirical evidence consists with the predictions of the agency costs of free cash flow theory.     

创业资本中的融资工具选择与融资策略选择:国外研究综述

国内对创业资本(VentureCapital)的探讨主要是运行机制方面的定性研究,对创业资本运作过程中涉及的融资工具选择及融资策略选择等问题的研究却很少,而近年来,国外这方面的研究已比较成熟,作者在此对国外相关文献进行了综述,希望能对国内这方面的研究有所裨益。     

The determinants of secondary market prices for developing country loans: the impact of country risk

With better-defined variables based on Euromoney country risk data as explanatory variables, the determinants of the prices of the debts of less-developed countries (LDCs) in the secondary market are estimated. With the use of cross-sectional data on 27 countries for the years 1992, 1993, and 1994, the regression results indicate that sovereign credit ratings constitute the most important variable influencing prices; other significant variables include the level of external indebtedness and the amount of debt in default. Separate results have been obtained for each of the two categories of countries grouped according to the level of economic development. These results are more meaningful than those of previous studies because the model includes, in addition to debt-servicing capacity, other variables that best explain the prices of LDCs' debt within the context of a risky debt instrument.     

DEFAULTABLE OPTIONS IN A MARKOVIAN INTENSITY MODEL OF CREDIT RISK

This paper is a follow‐up to “Valuation and Hedging of Defaultable Game Options in a Hazard Process Model” by the same authors. In the present paper we give user friendly assumptions ensuring that the general conditions in the previous paper are satisfied. We also give a systematic procedure to construct suitable intensity models of credit risk, and, in the Markovian case, we provide a variational inequality approach to the pre‐default pricing problem. We finally illustrate our results on a study of defaultable convertible bonds.     

In the wake of austerity: social impact bonds and the financialisation of the welfare state in Britain

This paper provides an analysis of the financialisation of the British welfare state. In a continuation of neo-liberal privatisation and labour market activation, the financialised welfare state pursues a policy of welfare retrenchment, while engaging in forms of social engineering aimed at producing self-responsibilised individuals and communities who are financially literate, ‘investment-ready’ and economically productive. New financial instruments such as social impact bonds are deployed to these ends, both to ‘solve social problems’ and enable cost saving. Through the use of such financial instruments, the implementation of regulatory infrastructures and tax incentives, the financialised welfare state becomes a vehicle for the transfer of wealth from the public to private investors, while subjecting the domain of social policy to the vicissitudes of global financial markets. This paper offers a critique of these developments, situating the case of Britain within the broader global context and with regard to the implications for understanding the current political economy of the welfare state.     

美国两房优先级机构债券的价值

房利美和房地美现已处于经济衰退、流动性陷阱、技术性破产和利差收窄的困境,其偿还美国财政部购买的MBS尚有风险,偿还优先次序还排在MBS之后的优先级机构债券的价值实际已经趋于零。     

有控制权利益的企业融资工具选择 --可转换债券融资的理论思考

本文扩展Stein( 1 992 )的模型,从控股股东角度出发考察在有控制权利益的情形下,企业对不同融资工具的选择,包括发行普通债券、可转换债券以及股票三种融资形式。控制权利益的存在使得“好”企业有内在动力发行可转换债券,Stein模型中无成本的分离均衡将不是唯一的。企业发行可转换债券是市场上各类企业的控股股东和外部投资者相互博弈的结果,而控股股东追求控制权利益的行为会给市场带来更多的不确定因素,增加了企业融资的代理成本,加剧了市场波动和投机行为,对此有必要加以控制