数字图书馆运营中的版权问题及应对

数字图书馆运营中的版权问题涉及图书馆经营者如何从原作品的版权人处获得授权继而进行数据库编纂形成数据库作品和图书馆自己的数据库作品的版权保护2个方面的内容。在数字图书馆“获得授权”的多种途径中,通过市场寻求可行的授权许可方式是最佳途径。针对版权保护问题,可以通过设定技术保护措施有效保护数据库著作权,按网民下载数量收费的有偿使用方式协调数字图书馆方面和原著作权人的利益关系。     

论我国著作权的合理使用制度

合理使用制度是著作权法实现创作者、传播者和使用者权利平衡的一项重要制度。在实践中,著作权合理使用制度遭遇着前所未有的挑战。因此,认识合理使用的内涵以及明确合理性的判断标准,无论对于理论界还是实务界都显得尤为重要。文章就合理使用在实践中面临的新问题提出了完善我国著作权合理使用制度的建议。     

网络著作权侵权抗辩事由存在的价值目标

随着公众通过网络的便捷性获取信息行为的增加和著作权人对作品的专属垄断,逐步产生并加深了网络著作权侵权矛盾。网络著作权侵权抗辩事由是实现利益平衡最好的调节器。其存在的价值追求,归根结底是为了保护网络著作权人的利益和同时兼顾社会公众对信息资源的需求,平衡个人利益与社会公众利益,最终能建立一种利益平衡机制,使社会资源能达到最大化的充分利用状态,促进文化产业的发展。     

中国在线音乐产业发展前景预测与分析

本文对中国在线音乐产业的发展现状与存在问题进行了系统探讨,多角度预测了中国在线音乐产业的发展前景,并就相关发展趋势进行了深入分析。     

公共秩序,知识产权保护与中美知识产权争端

在中美知识产权争端WTO第一案中,针对我国"与知识产权保护和实施有关的措施",美国最终共提出了3项指控。其中,核心指控是针对我国《著作权法》第4条"依法禁止出版、传播的作品,不受本法保护"的规定。《著作权法》第4条是建立在保护我国公共秩序的基础之上的,无论是TRIPS协议,还是《伯尔尼公约》,都认可国家基于公共秩序而采取某些措施的权利,因此,第4条的正当性与合法性不容质疑。美国的指控是建立在错误解释的基础之上,应该予以驳回。为有效地维护《著作权法》第4条的有效性,作为一种策略,我国有必要通过国际法院来寻求救济。     

Applying Ethical Theories: Interpreting and Responding to Student Plagiarism

Given the tremendous proliferation of student plagiarism involving the Internet, the purpose of this study is to determine which theory of ethical reasoning students invoke when defending their transgressions: deontology, utilitarianism, rational self-interest, Machiavellianism, cultural relativism, or situational ethics. Understanding which theory of ethical reasoning students employ is critical, as preemptive steps can be taken by faculty to counteract this reasoning and prevent plagiarism. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that unethical behavior in school can lead to unethical behavior in business; therefore, correcting unethical behavior in school can have a positive impact on organizational ethics. To meet this objective, a content analysis was conducted on the written records of students formally charged with plagiarizing at a large West Coast university. Each case was classified according to the primary ethical reasoning that the student used to justify plagiarism. Results indicate that students predominately invoke deontology, situational ethics, and Machiavellianism. Based on these findings, specific recommendations are offered to curb plagiarism. This research is the result of a long-standing interest in new technology and plagiarism. Very early ideas on this subject were presented by the authors at the ABC West Conference in New Orleans in March 2003. Dr. Neil Granitz teaches Marketing at Cal State Fullerton. He has published articles in the Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Marketing Education, and the Quarterly Journal of E-Commerce. Moreover, Neil is a consultant for the fast-food industry, the airline industry, and an Internet advertising agency. Before earning his MBA at McGill University in Montreal and a Ph.D. in Marketing at Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona, Neil Granitz gained extensive corporate experience in market and consumer research. Neil’s research focuses on three areas: (1) Instilling meaning and motivation into marketing education, (2) E-Commerce: Development and effect on marketing educators and practitioners, and (3) Awareness of ethics: Its influence on the internal culture of organization. Dr. Dana Loewy teaches Business Communication at Cal State Fullerton. Having earned a Ph.D. from the University of Southern California in English and translation, she is a well-published freelance translator, interpreter, and brand-name consultant. Fluent in several languages, among them German and Czech, Dana has published critical articles in many areas of interest and various poetry as well as prose translations, most notably the 1997 volume The Early Poetry of Jaroslav Seifert from Northwestern University Press.     

基于演化博弈视角的著作权集体管理信任危机化解

著作权集体管理一直被世界上多数国家视为解决著作权人和使用者众多且分散情形下维权难、获权难的重要途径,但是著作权人、集体管理组织、使用者之间的信任危机一直影响该制度的有效运行.通过运用演化博弈理论建立著作权集体管理运行的支付矩阵,系统分析著作权人、集体管理组织和使用者在著作权集体管理中的决策演化以及影响因素.研究发现系统演化策略的稳定性与著作权人、集体管理组织和使用者的成本收益直接相关.著作权人和集体管理组织初始意愿的改变会影响该群体最终的策略选择,使用者最终的策略选择不受其他两方初始意愿高低的影响,但使用者最终趋于稳定的演化速度会受到影响.因此,应降低著作权集体管理的成本,激励著作权人采取\"许可\"策略,集体管理组织采取\"努力\"策略,使用者采取\"获权使用\"策略.     

论网络环境中BT下载技术的法律责任主体的认定——兼谈BT侵权预防的经济学分析

在BT下载过程中,BT软件开发商在BT软件具有实质性的合法用途的前提下,就不需要承担任何法律责任;BT用户如果未经著作权人许可,也未向著作权人支付报酬,则需要承担相应的民事责任甚至刑事责任;而网络服务提供商是否需要承担民刑事责任则依其提供的服务类别和行为性质而定。并且通过分析侵权预防经济学模型后可知,社会边际成本曲线和社会边际收益曲线的交点代表了最佳的BT侵权处罚威慑力和最少的BT侵权社会总成本。     

The Relationship Between General Ethical Judgments and Copying Behavior at Work

Electronic technologies, in general, and computer-oriented technologies specifically have had a tremendous impact on all aspects of business. One area of increased concern is the protection of intellectual properties -- notably copyrights -- within the boundaries of the broadly defined technology industry. While the ability to share copyrighted information has always existed at the most basic levels, the advent of the information age has allowed the sharing of this information to take place in potentially greater quantities and without a loss of quality. As such, copying creates a major threat to industries dealing in the production and distribution of copyrightable creations. The focus of this paper is to better understand how the ethical judgments of employees regarding the opportunities to recreate copyrighted works via traditional and newer technologies impact assessments of copying behavior in the workplace.