扳权平行进口中版权人的“生态位”分析

近些年来，我国版权领域平行进口问题日益严重，导致版权人或独占许可人“生态位”发生转变。使版权人或独占许可人的利益受到很大损害。其原因是由于平行进口商的进入。版权人应端正对平行进口商的态度，对版权商品进行全方位的调整，合理运用合同防范策略并及时运用法律手段维护自身权益。行业协会也应充分发挥其作用，以维护行业的利益。     

Parallel imports and the lot of a starving artist

Abstract

This paper studies the role of copyright in the market for cultural output and how parallel imports effect the structure of incentives faced by artists. It demonstrates that parallel imports effect the distribution of income between generations of artists, raising the income of younger artists while reducing the income of superstars; the net outcome being a decline in the number of artists producing cultural output. Optimal subsidies to offset this decline can either involve a subsidy to starving young artists and no subsidy for superstars, or the opposite outcome depending on government attitudes towards the distribution of income.     

An Exploration of the Ideologies of Software Intellectual Property: The Impact on Ethical Decision Making

This article helps to clarify and articulate the ideological, legal, and ethical attitudes regarding software as intellectual property (IP). Computer software can be viewed as IP from both ethical and legal perspectives. The size and growth of the software industry suggest that large profits are possible through the development and sale of software. The rapid growth of the open source movement, fueled by the development of the Linux operating system, suggests another model is possible. The large number of unauthorized copies of software programs suggests that many people do not believe in laws regarding software copyright. There are many and varied views of software as IP, even within the information systems (IS) profession. In this article, four distinct subgroups of IS professionals are identified. The article describes the four subgroups and their respective ideological views on software ownership; it explores the subgroups’ attitudes regarding software laws; and finally, it explains the ethical positions embraced by each subgroup.     

当前我国版权贸易存在的问题与对策

长期重视版权进口造成我国当前版权贸易的巨额逆差,这种状况严重影响了我国版权贸易的健康发展。当前我国版权出口贸易存在着法律法规不健全、人才匮乏、不良竞争现象较多、营销不力、缺乏规范、专业化的国内版权代理机构等问题。对此,政府应尽快完善与版权贸易有关的法律法规,完善公共服务平台;培养高素质的版权贸易人才;积极发展版权代理机构;打造国际品牌形象;不断创新版权出口贸易形式等相应措施。     

微博著作权法律保护相关问题探讨

微博内容虽短小精炼,却并不因此否定其著作权的存在。微博著作权的法律确认和对微博著作权侵权责任之追究,成为微博经济发展需求下的微博著作权保护的主要内容。而如何确认微博著作权,如何依据微博著作权的侵权类型明确微博著作权侵权标准、完善微博著作权侵权证据制度、确定微博著作权侵权损害赔偿标准,则是需要大家审慎思考的问题。同时,微博著作权法律保护,单靠侵权防范的法律规制是不够的,还得依赖于网络用户的道德水准与自律水平。只有完善的法律制度与高尚的网络道德相结合,才能最终实现微博著作权的法律保护。     

“利用信息网络传播手段侵犯著作权罪”的罪罚适用及其完善

利用信息网络传播手段侵犯著作权,是网络发展时期侵犯著作权罪的一种新形式。该罪是以“复制发行”为入罪行为,以“情节严重”为入罪门槛。其中,“复制”包括不改变裁体方式的复制,也包括改变载体方式的复制;而“发行”的核心是使公众能够获得复制品的内容而不是复制品本身。与此同时,该罪在主观方面并不再适合“以营利为目的”为构成要件,在采取“形式上的强保护与实质上的弱保护”战略下,今后必须取消“以营利为目的”的犯罪要件。“P2P模式”的经营网站在客观上达到了“情节严重”．主观上有侵犯著作权的故意的程度下,是可以构成利用信息网络传播手段侵犯著作权罪的间接正犯。     

基于福利经济学视角的网络版权问题研究

当前,网络侵权行为主要有作品著作权侵权、网络转载侵权、网络抄袭与剽窃、下载侵权、新闻侵权等。由于网络侵权具有侵权主体的广泛性、行为实施的简易性和界定的复杂性,网络侵权问题不仅没有得到根本解决,还呈现上升趋势。从福利经济学视角出发,为达到版权保护目的,版权人可以通过权利人的自我保护、集体管理组织的保护和法律救济来保护自己的利益。政府部门也应坚持可持续开发的理念,大力加强版权保护的技术防范;有效遏制网络的恶性传播;采用补偿金制度,平衡公众利益和版权所有者的利益,使网络出版业、传统的音像电子出版业等版权利益所有者之间以及他们与社会公共利益之间保持和谐的关系,总体福利呈现合理性。     

网络著作权的司法保护探析

世界经济全球化,信息知识网络化与人们的工作、生活息息相关.面对网络技术的飞速发展和信息的巨量化,为保证创作者的利益,维护创作者的权利,应对网络著作权加以保护.文章从法律角度出发,探讨完善网络著作权的司法保护机制.     

软件水印研究述评

随着计算机技术和因特网技术的飞速发展,数字产品的传播、拷贝更容易,因而其版权保护已成为一个十分重要的问题。文章详细介绍了软件水印这种新兴的软件版权保护技术,深入分析了软件水印的现状、分类以及各类软件水印的基本思想,并分别讨论了这些方法的利弊,最后提出软件水印的下一步发展方向。     

Incentives to lead,follow, or compete: comparative national choices of international copyright

I study the desirability and incentives for countries to lead or follow in international copyright policy making by analyzing a lead-follow model of international copyright and comparing it with a competitive model. The analyses suggest that the lead-follow model is globally preferable except when the information products have short economic life in the leading country. In this exceptional case, the incentives of individual countries are compatible with global welfare as they also prefer the globally preferable competitive model. However, in the cases where the lead-follow model is globally preferable, individual countries do not always have the incentive to lead or follow. For example, a small country may prefer competition over leading or following, as competition may allow it to free-ride on the copyright protection provided by the larger country. This suggests that ‘extraordinary’ incentive is sometimes needed to induce individual countries to adopt the lead-follow model of international copyright when it is globally desirable.