Applying Ethical Theories: Interpreting and Responding to Student Plagiarism

Given the tremendous proliferation of student plagiarism involving the Internet, the purpose of this study is to determine which theory of ethical reasoning students invoke when defending their transgressions: deontology, utilitarianism, rational self-interest, Machiavellianism, cultural relativism, or situational ethics. Understanding which theory of ethical reasoning students employ is critical, as preemptive steps can be taken by faculty to counteract this reasoning and prevent plagiarism. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that unethical behavior in school can lead to unethical behavior in business; therefore, correcting unethical behavior in school can have a positive impact on organizational ethics. To meet this objective, a content analysis was conducted on the written records of students formally charged with plagiarizing at a large West Coast university. Each case was classified according to the primary ethical reasoning that the student used to justify plagiarism. Results indicate that students predominately invoke deontology, situational ethics, and Machiavellianism. Based on these findings, specific recommendations are offered to curb plagiarism. This research is the result of a long-standing interest in new technology and plagiarism. Very early ideas on this subject were presented by the authors at the ABC West Conference in New Orleans in March 2003. Dr. Neil Granitz teaches Marketing at Cal State Fullerton. He has published articles in the Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Marketing Education, and the Quarterly Journal of E-Commerce. Moreover, Neil is a consultant for the fast-food industry, the airline industry, and an Internet advertising agency. Before earning his MBA at McGill University in Montreal and a Ph.D. in Marketing at Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona, Neil Granitz gained extensive corporate experience in market and consumer research. Neil’s research focuses on three areas: (1) Instilling meaning and motivation into marketing education, (2) E-Commerce: Development and effect on marketing educators and practitioners, and (3) Awareness of ethics: Its influence on the internal culture of organization. Dr. Dana Loewy teaches Business Communication at Cal State Fullerton. Having earned a Ph.D. from the University of Southern California in English and translation, she is a well-published freelance translator, interpreter, and brand-name consultant. Fluent in several languages, among them German and Czech, Dana has published critical articles in many areas of interest and various poetry as well as prose translations, most notably the 1997 volume The Early Poetry of Jaroslav Seifert from Northwestern University Press.     

广播组织节目创新与版权保护

广播作为信息时代的主要传媒工具之一,在社会生活中具有举足轻重的地位。促进广播新闻人对广播节目的创新与开发,将带给社会更多的精神产品,但是,如果社会失去了对精神产品的法律保障,广播节目的不断创新将是无法实现的。试图结合＂舞林大会＂被控版式抄袭,深入探讨广播组织在节目版式创作和节目内容创作（即,二度创作）中所应当关注的法律问题,从版权保护的角度审视我国对广播组织保护的特殊性,为促进广播组织依法进行节目创新、繁荣社会文化生活提供相应的法制思路。     

电子商务领域中的数字水印技术应用

随着互联网和电子商务的迅猛发展，诸如电子商务安全及多媒体数字产品的版权保护等问题日益突出。数字水印技术作为解决此类问题的有效办法引起越来越多的相关研究人员的兴趣。数字水印技术具有不可感知性、鲁棒性及安全性等特点。籍此，可为电子商务提供电子印章、电子票据防伪数字作品版权保护等保障。     

制约中国动漫产业发展的深层次原因探析

中国民族动漫产业发展迅速，但深受模仿过度、精品缺失、产业链不完整和同质化竞争严重等因素困扰。文章指出，需要切实采取加强版权保护、实施精品工程和重视民族动漫典型形象塑造等措施，以振兴国内民族动漫产业。     

浅析欧洲标准版权保护政策

本文对CEN、CENELEC和ETSI等三个欧洲标准化组织的标准版权保护政策、标准版权转移制度等进行了深度分析。     

网络著作权侵权抗辩事由存在的价值目标

随着公众通过网络的便捷性获取信息行为的增加和著作权人对作品的专属垄断,逐步产生并加深了网络著作权侵权矛盾。网络著作权侵权抗辩事由是实现利益平衡最好的调节器。其存在的价值追求,归根结底是为了保护网络著作权人的利益和同时兼顾社会公众对信息资源的需求,平衡个人利益与社会公众利益,最终能建立一种利益平衡机制,使社会资源能达到最大化的充分利用状态,促进文化产业的发展。     

Baywatch: Two approaches to measure the effects of blocking access to The Pirate Bay

In the fight against unauthorised sharing of copyright protected material, Dutch Internet Service Providers have been summoned by courts to block their subscribers' access to The Pirate Bay and related sites. This paper studies the effectiveness of this approach towards online copyright enforcement, using both a consumer survey and a newly developed non-infringing technology for BitTorrent monitoring. While a small group of respondents download less from illegal sources or claim to have stopped doing so, no impact is found on the percentage of the Dutch population downloading from illegal sources. Slight changes are found on the distribution of Dutch peers, but these seem related to the awareness raised by blocking rather than the blocking itself.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

Intellectual property governance and knowledge creation in UK universities

The public discourse advocating increased patenting of academic discoveries, which has led to the approval of legislative measures (such as the Bayh–Dole Act, which is now adopted world-wide in various forms) is based on a set of theoretical arguments, mainly related to knowledge transfer and financial reward. Using an original survey of 46 universities (about 27%) in the UK, we investigate whether some of these arguments are supported by evidence. We focus on the extent to which patents, as opposed to other forms of intellectual property (IP) protection mechanisms, enhance knowledge circulation, and especially contribute to universities’ own knowledge creation processes. We also investigate whether universities consider the markets for ideas and creative expressions to function efficiently. We find that universities use all forms of IP intensively in order to transfer their knowledge to the industry or the government. However, they mainly rely on non-proprietary IP (open-source and no-patent strategies) when aiming to enhance their own knowledge-creation processes. Also, universities do not find that markets for patents or copyrights function more smoothly than non-proprietary IP marketplaces. The results challenge the orthodox theories on the rationales for patents and other proprietary IP rights. Thus, we question the assumptions and arguments underpinning the implementation of patents on academic research outcomes via political reforms since the 1980s.     

内蒙古出版产业发展现状及问题分析

近年来,在各级政府重视出版产业、各地经济实力显著增强及经济发展方式转变、民族文化底蕴提供持续动力因素等构建的宏观背景下,内蒙古出版产业取得一定成就,表现出规模壮大、精品涌现、特色鲜明、活力增强等特点.但是也存在出版物业态失衡、出版能力较低、产业链尚不完善等不足,为此可从拓展出版物形态、完善出版产业生态链、做强做大优势产业、净化产业发展环境等方面人手强化出版产业的可持续发展能力.