“内部人控制”有效治理途径的博弈分析

内部控制作为公司治理设计的重要措施，建立完善的内部控制系统必将促进企业的发展。怎样维护企业各参与者的利益，有效防治以经理人为代表的“内部人”控制问题，将成为完善公司治理结构设计的焦点。文章基于博弈论方法推导出联合产权制度的公司治理模式，是公司有效治理路径依赖条件下的最优选择之一。     

Uniform and Non-Uniform Second-Best Input Taxes

We investigate second-best, input-based taxes foragricultural nonpoint pollution control when marketprices are endogenous and production isheterogeneous. Theoretically, we derive the optimalforms of taxes which take account of heterogeneity(non-uniform taxes) and a tax which does not (auniform tax). Empirically, we use a multi-factor,market-equilibrium simulation model to determineoptimal tax rates and associated equity effects,particularly differences in landowner gains/lossesacross a heterogeneous region. When market prices areendogenous, second-best tax policies result inpecuniary externalities that affect existingenvironmental externalities. In particular, thepecuniary externalities amplify the effect of producerheterogeneity on determination of sub-regionaldifferences in tax rates and returns to land,particularly for the uniform policy. With endogenousprices, the uniform tax rate is considerably higherthan any of the non-uniform rates and, ironically, thenon-uniform taxes result in less dispersion oflandowner gains across sub-regions than the uniformtax.     

从一元奖励看税收遵从意识的培育——以河北省唐海县为例

纳税人税收遵从度是一个国家税收分配关系和谐与否的重要标志之一,影响着一个国家税收制度的完善与发展。我国税收制度亟待深化改革,办事作风程序化,税收立法不完善,税收执法不规范。面对这种状况,解决途径包括建立符合国情的现金流控税体制,建立税收激励机制,完善税务诉讼,加大处罚力度,培养公民的纳税意识,加强税收文化建设。     

关于工会在企业文化建设中发挥作用的探索

企业文化是企业生存发展的灵魂,是成就企业百年基业的根本力量。21世纪是一个不断学习创新的知识经济时代,谁拥有文化优势,谁就拥有竞争优势和发展优势。深入研究企业文化的缔造历程,对工会如何适应新时期的形势发展,充分发挥工会在企业文化建设中的优势与作用,具有十分重要的意义。     

The Importance of the Exchange Rate Regime in Limiting Misalignment

This paper explores how the choice of a country’s exchange rate regime may affect exchange rate misalignment for developing and developed countries. A measure of misalignment is obtained by using a panel cointegration vector estimator. This paper finds that for developing countries, an intermediate exchange rate regime (a regime falling somewhere between a pure float and a hard peg) is most effective in preventing exchange rate misalignment. Additionally, the choice of an exchange rate regime as a means to limit misalignment matters for developing countries, but does not seem to matter for developed countries.     

实现税收代际公平目标的国际经验及启示

在可持续发展思想的指导下,税收的公平原则内涵应发生改变,即税收的公平原则必须引入代际公平理论,注意和追求世代间的税收公平。借鉴西方发达国家的经验,我国应选择构建绿色税收体系及开征遗产税这两条路径实现税收代际公平目标。     

The impact of corporate governance on employment relations in South Korea: the shareholder versus stakeholder perspectives

This study empirically examined the impact of corporate governance on employment relations outcomes utilizing a comprehensive data set drawn from 214 Korean firms. The study contrasted the stakeholder and shareholder perspectives of corporate governance in investigating the impact of corporate governance on employment relations outcomes. The results showed that the stakeholder corporate governance orientation (as compared to the shareholder orientation) had positive relationships with education/training expense, the level of average employee tenure and industrial relations climate, and had a negative association with number of strikes. Overall, the results implied that the stakeholder orientation of firms led to more beneficial effects for employees and more consensual relations with labor unions than the shareholder orientation did.     

论企业文化的形成和发展

在激烈竞争下存活下来的精英企业,不仅为社会提供优质的产品或服务,创造先进的管理理念,还涌现出有影响力的优秀管理者,具有很强的市场竞争力。但是能够使企业持续做强的关键是企业文化。优秀的企业文化能够提高企业内部约束力和效率,使其拥有强大的生命力和适应能力。文章探讨了企业文化的产生和发展过程,及对企业发展的作用。     

将企业文化建设渗透于管理全过程的探索

文化是企业发展的灵魂和动力,南宁化工集团有限公司秉承“团结、务实、创新、服务”的企业精神,不断加强企业文化建设,推动企业管理,提高企业竞争力.     

The Siting of Hazardous Waste Facilities in Federal Systems: The Political Economy of NIMBY

This paper offers a new political economy explanation for thepervasive problem of siting hazardous waste treatment facilitiesin federal system. We first show that a decentralized systemyields the first-best waste treatment capacity level and that acentralized structure gives rise to free-riding behavior amonglocal jurisdictions. In our model, each community seeks toinfluence the central government through political contributions.This leads to suboptimal levels of treatment capacity. Thecapacity is increasing in the compensation level if the marginalbenefit of treatment capacity is sufficiently large, and in thegovernment's weight on aggregate social welfare relative tolobbying activities. The centralized system can replicate thedecentralized system with a sufficiently high compensation level.Since compensation has proved difficult, a centralized systemfaces greater obstacles than a decentralized system.