Structural or Cultural: An Exploration into Influences on Consumers' Shopping Behavior of Country Specific Factors versus Retailing Formats

Abstract

This paper examines shoppers' behavior at regional shopping malls and neighborhood centers in two countries. Although some universal behavior patterns exist, shoppers' motivation, selection criteria and purchase behaviors were found to vary across cultures, and/or the type of shopping facilities. More importantly, the impact of the type of shopping facility on purchase and on shopping selection criteria, such as convenience, were found to be moderated by country factor, thus showing significant interactions of culture with types of shopping places.     

The Country-of-Origin Effect and Consumer Attitudes to “Buy Local” Campaign

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between ethnocentrism of Ghanaian consumers and their attitudes toward a “buy local” campaign. Two hundred and thirty three consumers were interviewed in Cape Coast, the capital city and administrative centre of the Central region of Ghana. Data for the study were collected through interviewing using the mall intercept approach and factor analysed. Our findings show a relationship between ethnocentrism and attitudes of Ghanaian consumers toward the “buy local” campaign. Furthermore, the factor analysis results indicate that the attitudes of the Ghanaian consumers to the buy locally-made products can be characterized as protectionist, nationalistic, and self-interest. Implicitly, the consumers will buy Ghanaian-made products where they are of comparable quality and price as foreign-made products. This requires companies to ensure that their products are of high quality and prices are commensurate with quality. This study contributes to the ethnocentrism and country of origin literature pertaining to the African region, which is sorely under-researched.     

马克思主义城乡关系理论中国化的未来走向

在对马克思主义城乡关系理论的基本内容进行简要概括,并对新中国60年马克思主义城乡关系理论中国化历史进程简单回顾的基础上,从目标取向、基本要求、具体体现、必然选择、时代特色等几个方面指出了马克思主义城乡关系理论中国化的未来走向。     

National telecommunications planning in Brazil

During the past 15 years Brazil has undergone a process of rapid modernization in its telecommunications. Starting from a chaotic situation, institutional foundations were established and an ambitious development programme carried out. A fundamental piece of this programme was a planning process that proved to be flexible and adequate to handle the social and economic disparities of the country. The policies that have emerged from the planning process were implemented and provided good economic results and satisfaction to customers.     

邓小平外交思想的理论价值

邓小平外交思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分，是当代中国外交的理论基础和指导方针。这一思想在继承马列主义、毛泽东思想的基础上，结合时代特征和中国国情，与时俱进，丰富和发展了马克思主义的时代观、国家学说和政治学理论，拓展了和平共处五项原则的适用范围，为解决中国的和平统一和国际争端找到了有效途径，具有重要的理论价值。     

试论我国农村合作金融的创新与发展

随着我国农村合作金融改革的不断深入,加快金融创新显得尤为重要。为此要进行业务创新、工具创新、管理创新,以防范金融风险,促进农村金融安全稳健运行。     

西方国家环境保护中的公众参与

公众参与环境保护是公众及其代表根据国家环境法律赋予的权利和义务,它兴起于西方发达国家,公众的广泛参与在西方国家的环境保护与环境改善过程中发挥了重要作用。西方国家的民主思想的传统、大力的环境宣传与环境教育以及法律的规范为公众参与环境保护提供了坚实的基础,美国、欧盟、日本、加拿大的公众参与环境保护方面表现出参与的主体的广泛性、参与方式的多样性和可行性及参与范围的深入与广泛性的特征,可供我国借鉴。     

Foresighting FLOSS (free/libre/open source software) from a developing country perspective: The case of Turkey

Since free/libre open source software (FLOSS) promotes collaboration and contributions from different parties in software production and innovation processes, it can create a unique opportunity for developing countries, by generating an innovative capability in software technology. To benefit from this opportunity, it is important to understand the strategic factors and future trends that affect the development of an efficient FLOSS economy in developing countries.This paper aims to examine the strategic factors and future trends that are likely to affect the development and deployment of FLOSS in Turkey. Based on the internal and external factors identified through the practice of technological foresight, a SWOT analysis will be carried out to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for Turkey in creating a competitive software industry that can benefit from the advantages of FLOSS. Accordingly, with regard to the required technical infrastructure, an innovative/competitive business climate, skilled human resources and support for institutional structures, policy suggestions are outlined here that could be usefully implemented by government, industry and universities.     

环城游憩带对经济欠发达地区城镇化建设的作用探析——以商洛市为例

本文以商洛市为例,对环城游憩带对经济欠发达地区城镇化建设的积极作用进行了探讨。从环城游憩带对促进城市产业结构优化、升级和规模提升、内在优化等方面进行了分析,并结合商洛市实际情况提出了相应的策略。     

我国服装陈列发展现状及对策研究

陈列设计是服饰企业创造品牌终端形象、增加产品销售的一种有效手段。本文结合我国服装陈列发展现状探讨我国服装陈列发展的策略。