Semantic Differential as an Assessment Tool of （Dis） Advantages of QMS in the Light of Accredited Certification in Poland

This article is a continuation of the issue in the field of assessment of （dis）advantages resulting from the implementation of the quality management systems （QMS） in a structure of the organization. The publication uses the results of studies conducted in the range of assessment＇s information completeness provided by the certification bodies （CBs） in the context of advantages and disadvantages of the QMS implementation in accordance with PN-EN ISO 9001. In addition, an attempt to define a tool for the QMS assessment of （dis）advantages in the organization has been made. The basis for empirical analysis of the issue was the information provided by an accredited management systems CBs recommended by the Polish Centre for Accreditation （PCA）. There are 33 units in Poland, which were granted by PCA with the accreditation within the range of ISO 9001：2008. In the first stage of the research work, a substantive analysis of websites content among mentioned CBs has been carried out. In addition, the paper proposes use of semantic differential method （SD） to evaluate （dis）advantages of the QMS. SD adaptation for the assessment of the QMS （dis）advantages is the authorial concept. The authors hope for polemic in this area. In the face of obtained results, an authorial SD construction has been proposed, which is useful and may help in the formulation and conveying of the relevant （reliable） information to potential clients in the range of （dis）advantages resulting from the QMS implementation to the organization. As a consequence, the recommendations have been set, which are kind of guidelines that could significantly influence the realignment of the information state conveyed on the internet by the CBs.     

公平关切下闭环供应链差别定价决策

针对零售商和第三方回收商具有公平关切的情形,研究由制造商主导的三级供应链成员及整个系统的差别定价最优决策。分析了零售商以及第三方回收商公平中性和公平关切两种情形的决策模型。研究发现:零售商以及第三方回收商的公平关切行为最终会造成各自利润的损失,并且对整条供应链利润也是不利的,而这样的公平关切行为对制造商来说却是有利的。同时当公平关切程度较弱时,对整条闭环供应链系统是不利的;而当公平关切程度较强时,对整条闭环供应链系统是有利的。     

渐进式差异化退休年龄的决定机制、经验借鉴与政策建议

退休年龄本质上是劳动者在职期间的劳动贡献与退休后所享福利之间的均衡。公平、合理、科学的确定退休年龄,对劳动者在生命周期不同阶段(在职期间与退休之后)的福利具有十分重要的影响。借鉴我国台湾地区经验,结合大陆实际,以工作年限为基础,采用渐进式、差异化的退休年龄政策,即采取"95(99)=标准退休年龄+工作年限"的思路,在"95制"、"96制"、"97制"、"98制"和"99制"五个方案进行优选渐进,对不同类型劳动者(工种、受教育程度、性别等)应采取差异化的退休年龄政策。     

Optimal investment of an insurer with regime-switching and risk constraint

We investigate an optimal investment problem of an insurance company in the presence of risk constraint and regime-switching using a game theoretic approach. A dynamic risk constraint is considered where we constrain the uncertainty aversion to the ‘true’ model for financial risk at a given level. We describe the surplus of an insurance company using a general jump process, namely, a Markov-modulated random measure. The insurance company invests the surplus in a risky financial asset whose dynamics are modeled by a regime-switching geometric Brownian motion. To incorporate model uncertainty, we consider a robust approach, where a family of probability measures is cosidered and the insurance company maximizes the expected utility of terminal wealth in the ‘worst-case’ probability scenario. The optimal investment problem is then formulated as a constrained two-player, zero-sum, stochastic differential game between the insurance company and the market. Different from the other works in the literature, our technique is to transform the problem into a deterministic differential game first, in order to obtain the optimal strategy of the game problem explicitly.     

农民工失业保险制度创新研究

我国农民工失业保险存在的最显著特征是徼费率低,待遇水平低。其根本原因在于制度的缺失,关键原因是自身综合竞争力低,直接原因是政府支持力度不够,应该根据农民工对失业保险不同层次的需求构建梯度缴费和差别待遇的分档缴费模式。建立梯度缴费率和有差别的失业保险支付待遇模式,可以扩大农民工失业保险选择的范围,提高农民工的参保积极性,短期可以＂低门槛进入＂,长期可以实现农民工失业保险制度和城镇企业职工失业保险制度的＂稳定并轨＂。     

农民工市民化难点与新型城镇化战略

刘易斯模型、托达罗模型等宏观经济学理论能够解释中国农民工向城市流动的动力问题,但无法揭示我国农民工市民化的障碍根源问题.城乡之间、区域之间的劳动生产率差距和收入差距,引导农村人口向城市流动,但同时也给农民工市民化造成障碍,国民经济中劳动收入占比的不断下降不利于农民工获取市民化的个人成本.因此在以市民化为核心的新型城镇化进程中,要把握城市群战略、产业转型战略、土地流转管理机制等关键规划的实施,促进和推动农民工顺利市民化.     

完善我国建设工程施工合同违约救济的思考

建设工程施工合同纠纷在我国普遍存在,现阶段我国施工合同的管理水平有待提高;纠纷的解决机制不够完善,研究解决施工合同违约救济的相关问题迫在眉睫。文章在研究美国建设工程施工合同的立法以及违约救济体系的基础上,结合我国现状与存在的问题,提出了完善我国建设工程施工合同违约救济体系的一些建议,有助于保护合同双方的权利,明确义务,提高合同的履行效率。     

Minimizing Regret: The General Case

In repeated games with differential information on one side, the labelling “general case” refers to games in which the action of the informed player is not known to the uninformed, who can only observe a signal which is the random outcome of his and his opponent's action. Here we consider the problem of minimizing regret (in the sense first formulated by J. Hannan (1956, in Contributions to the Theory of Games, Vol. III, Annals of Mathematics Studies, Vol. 39, Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press.) when the information available is of this type. We give a simple condition describing the approachable set. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Number: D81, D82, D83.     

An alternative proof of the nonemptiness of the private core

Summary. We focus on the private core [19] of an economy with a finite number of agents with differential information, a continuum of states and an infinite number of commodities. We state a nonemptiness result for the private core and provide a proof based on a fixed-point argument. Received: October 4, 1999; revised version: June 7, 2000     

Internet Job Search and Labor Market Outcome

This study examines the effect of the use of internet job search (IJS) on individual wages. The data utilized in the study are obtained from the Internet and Computer Use Dictionary in the Current Population Survey of September 2001 and October 2003. An Oaxaca Decomposition is used to examine the extent to which wage differences are influenced by IJS. The results show that accessibility to the internet is a crucial factor in the decision of an individual to utilize the internet for job search activities. However, no clear evidence exists that IJS increases individual wages. Additionally, the study also demonstrates that IJS is subject to self-selection bias. Thus, failure to control for self-selection bias results in a very serious bias in estimation.