面向大规模定制的供应链管理：基于“戴尔”的案例分析

戴尔公司的迅速成长一向为业界所称道，但是人们往往只看到了戴尔表面的直销模式，而忽视了其背后大规模定制的生产方式以及高效先进的供应链管理所起的巨大作用。对戴尔基于大规模定制的供应链管理的实施基础、总体模型、基本特点及弊端的分析表明，实行企业内部资源的有效整合，建立战略合作的外部协作关系，把握客户需求，才能使企业在竞争中得到先机并实现可持续发展。     

基于供应链管理的企业营销渠道创新

传统渠道链的内在缺陷和新竞争模式的外在压力迫使企业必须通过渠道创新以获得新的利润和竞争力。本文在借鉴供应链管理优势的基础上,从组织结构、成员关系和管理模式创新三方面入手,提出渠道构建的逆向模式,以实现渠道的系统优化及各成员的长远利益最大,并使得市场的覆盖更为有效。     

中国粮食生产区域分化特征和成因的实证研究

对中国在1990年和2002年粮食生产的区域分化状况进行统计分析的结果表明,工业化和城市化的发展,以及农产品市场形成条件下,稻米生产的区域分散特征、小麦生产的区域集中特征以及玉米播种面积的集中和生产产量的分散特征日益明显。计量检验显示,人均承包经营耕地面积和种植业收入比率是影响粮食生产区域分化的最主要的两个因素。     

我国农业生态系统营养循环链的断裂与重建

完整的营养循环是农业生态系统健康、可持续发展的重要保障。我国传统农业属于环境友好型生态农业。农业生态系统的营养循环结构完整，持续健康、繁荣。但是，随着工业化、城市化、市场经济的发展以及农业耕作方式的转变，农业生态系统营养循环的结构遭到严重破坏，导致一系列资源、环境、经济与社会问题。通过秸秆还田以及城市生活废弃物（排泄物、厨房垃圾等）向农业生态系统的返还，重建农业生态系统完整的营养循环，是我国农业生态系统持续健康发展的必由之路。     

Impacts of an EC carbon/energy tax and deregulating thermal power supply on CO2, SO2 and NOx emissions

Emission of CO₂, SO₂ and NO_x are all closely linked to the burning of fossil fuels. Here we report on simulations done by linking a Sectoral European Energy Model (SEEM), covering energy demand in nine Western European countries, with the emission-transport-deposition model RAINS developed by IIASA. The study analyses emissions of CO₂, SO₂ and NO_x, deposition of sulphur and nitrogen and the extent of areas where the critical load for sulphur is exceeded in year 2000 under four different energy scenarios. Two different sets of future behavioural patterns for the thermal electric power production sector are considered. In one regime, called the plan-efficient regime, the sector is assumed to follow official plans with regard to investment in new capacity. In the other regime, called the cost-efficient regime, the thermal power sector is assumed to behave in a cost minimizing manner. The effects of the proposed EC carbon/energy tax are studied under both regimes, giving rise to altogether four scenarios.In both regimes the effect of the EC tax is to reduce emissions by between 6 and 10 per cent in year 2000 relative to the scenarios without the tax. A change of regime, from the regulated, plan-efficient regime to the market-based, cost-efficient regime, will, by itself, reduce emissions of CO₂ and NO_x by approximately 3 per cent, while SO₂ emissions are reduced by 13 per cent. The EC tax will reduce sulphur deposition by more than 5 per cent in the nine model countries under the plan-efficient regime. A change of regime further reduces the total deposition by 9 per cent. The area where depositions exceed the critical load is reduced by approximately 6 per cent in year 2000 by the tax in both regimes. Changing from the plan-efficient to the cost-efficient regime has a similar impact.Although the emission reductions due to the EC tax may seem modest, they are shown to have a sizeable effect on the technological abatement costs of reaching targets like those prescribed in the Sofia protocol on the stabilisation of NO_x emissions, and the Helsinki protocol on SO₂ emission reductions. This is part of what can be considered to be secondary benefits of the EC carbon/energy tax.     

浅论供应链集成

从供应链集成模式入手，分析了基于信息集成的传统的供应链集成模式和全面的供应链集成模式，探寻了供应链集成对企业问组织关系的要求，最后提出了构建供应链集成系统所依赖的技术。     

拉式供应链系统可靠性分析与改善

首先对供应链的可靠性重要性进行了分析,对供应可靠度和供应链可靠度的进行了定义,然后从可靠性方面提出对供应链系统进行分析改善的途径,最后对零库存拉式供应链系统进行了可靠性分析与改善。     

我国农产品流通体系建设的现状、问题和新思路

当前，农业进一步发展的主要矛盾已经从生产领域转向市场流通领域：国内农产品市场面临进一步开放的严峻挑战，农户小生产与流通大市场的矛盾将更加突出。在此背景下，本文分析了我国农产品流通体系的基本现状和存在的主要问题，并在此基础上提出了建设我国农产品流通体系的新思路。     

装备维修器材分配供应方法研究

装备维修器材的分配供应是实现对部队维修器材保障的关键一环，本文通过分析其分配供应的具体过程，对每一环节建立了切合实际、方便操作使用的数学模型，可为装备维修器材保障业务人员提供科学的决策依据，从而达到军事效益和经济效益的双赢的目的。     

用EVA指标优化供应链战略管理

本文从资金成本概念着手剖析了经济增加值(EVA)的含义;并从供应链战略的三个环节:采购、内部资源整合、需求传递方面介绍了如何在供应链战略中实现EVA管理。详述了在采购战略中如何用EVA值决定对某种原材料是自产还是外购;在内部资源整合战略中如何根据EVA思想实施数量化管理;在需求传递战略中通过降低顾客成本,提高客户服务水平来增加企业的EVA值,从而提高整个供应链的竞争力。