CEO tenure and ownership mode choice of Chinese firms: The moderating roles of managerial discretion

Based on upper echelon theory, this study has explored how CEO tenure affects ownership mode choice of Chinese firms investing abroad, and how some organizational factors, such as firm size, firm age and CEO duality, moderate this relationship. Using secondary data, this study finds CEO tenure has a positive relationship with the choice of full control mode, CEO duality can reinforce this relationship, but firm size and firm age have no significant moderating effect.     

中国农村劳动力转移问题探析

农村劳动力转移对于"新农村建设"具有重要现实意义,但不受限制、无序的人口向城市流动也会带来许多城市问题和社会问题.当前我国农村劳动力转移面临许多问题,而转变劳动力转移观念,创造各种有利条件,实现农村劳动力就地转移也许更能促使城乡协调发展.     

日常生活审美化辨析

日常生活审美化并非一个过时的论题,相关的问题仍然正在发生,相关的思考也一直在进行。重新解析这个论题,澄清存在的一些混乱是十分必要的。关于日常生活审美化的话语存在着多重意味,名相似而实不同。学界都关注日常生活审美化,却忽视了对日常生活自身的二重性的分析,也就影响了对日常生活与审美的互动关系的正确理解。与此相关的一系列问题,艺术与生活、实用与超功利、雅与俗的关系等也不能得到正确的认识。     

企业的领导权结构对技术创新的影响———基于上市公司的实证研究

企业治理结构中领导权结构的不同安排会改变经理人决策自由和创新意愿,进而导致企业创新活动的效率差异。但相对于股权激励、资本结构等其他机制而言,领导权结构与技术创新的关系是隐性和间接的。文章构建了一个有调节的中介作用模型来研究企业领导权结构对技术创新绩效影响。基于上海证券交易所2009～2011年上市公司的数据．发现对于中国上市公司而言,领导权结构的不同安排确实会对技术创新绩效产生显著影响：私营企业的CE0两职合一会比国有企业带来更好的创新绩效,并且这一关系主要是通过经营者时技术创新决策的支持而实现的。     

RECOVERING PORTFOLIO DEFAULT INTENSITIES IMPLIED BY CDO QUOTES

We propose a stable nonparametric algorithm for the calibration of “top‐down” pricing models for portfolio credit derivatives: given a set of observations of market spreads for collateralized debt obligation (CDO) tranches, we construct a risk‐neutral default intensity process for the portfolio underlying the CDO which matches these observations, by looking for the risk‐neutral loss process “closest” to a prior loss process, verifying the calibration constraints. We formalize the problem in terms of minimization of relative entropy with respect to the prior under calibration constraints and use convex duality methods to solve the problem: the dual problem is shown to be an intensity control problem, characterized in terms of a Hamilton–Jacobi system of differential equations, for which we present an analytical solution. Given a set of observed CDO tranche spreads, our method allows to construct a default intensity process which leads to tranche spreads consistent with the observations. We illustrate our method on ITRAXX index data: our results reveal strong evidence for the dependence of loss transitions rates on the previous number of defaults, and offer quantitative evidence for contagion effects in the (risk‐neutral) loss process.     

ROBUST ASSET ALLOCATION WITH BENCHMARKED OBJECTIVES

In this paper, we introduce a new approach for finding robust portfolios when there is model uncertainty. It differs from the usual worst‐case approach in that a (dynamic) portfolio is evaluated not only by its performance when there is an adversarial opponent (“nature”), but also by its performance relative to a stochastic benchmark. The benchmark corresponds to the wealth of a fictitious benchmark investor who invests optimally given knowledge of the model chosen by nature, so in this regard, our objective has the flavor of min–max regret. This relative performance approach has several important properties: (i) optimal portfolios seek to perform well over the entire range of models and not just the worst case, and hence are less pessimistic than those obtained from the usual worst‐case approach; (ii) the dynamic problem reduces to a convex static optimization problem under reasonable choices of the benchmark portfolio for important classes of models including ambiguous jump‐diffusions; and (iii) this static problem is dual to a Bayesian version of a single period asset allocation problem where the prior on the unknown parameters (for the dual problem) correspond to the Lagrange multipliers in this duality relationship. This dual static problem can be interpreted as a less pessimistic alternative to the single period worst‐case Markowitz problem. More generally, this duality suggests that learning and robustness are closely related when benchmarked objectives are used.     

STABILITY OF THE UTILITY MAXIMIZATION PROBLEM WITH RANDOM ENDOWMENT IN INCOMPLETE MARKETS

We perform a stability analysis for the utility maximization problem in a general semimartingale model where both liquid and illiquid assets (random endowments) are present. Small misspecifications of preferences (as modeled via expected utility), as well as views of the world or the market model (as modeled via subjective probabilities) are considered. Simple sufficient conditions are given for the problem to be well posed, in the sense that the optimal wealth and the marginal utility‐based prices are continuous functionals of preferences and probabilistic views.     

对中国经济二元结构问题的思考

中国社会主义市场经济存在着二元结构的问题,国有资本与非国有资本在市场经济中的地位不平等,国资委职能有待进一步明确和规范。本文试图通过对中国经济二元现象的分析,对国资委职能定位、政府在市场经济中如何发挥应有的作用、国有企业如何扮演好自身的角色等方面予以探究,推动社会主义市场经济的有效发展。     

部分城乡结合地区居民收入差距的调查

当前城乡结合地区居民收入水平较高,但差距较大,城市化、就业结构、社会保障等对城乡结合地区居民收入分配有较大的影响。改善当前城乡结合地区的居民收入分配状况,需要政府和市场共同发挥作用。     

现阶段我国经济增长的源泉分析

从总体上讲，我国近些年来的经济增长应是制度转轨、对外开放与二元经济转型等因素相互作用与协同发展的结果；在我国的经济增长过程中，制度一经济增长论与二元经济发展论可以同时成立；不过。从各因素对经济增长的总量贡献上看，二元经济转型的贡献要远大于其他因素。这说明了我国的经济增长不仅享受了渐进式的制度变迁的好处，而且也享受到了转轨的“后发优势”。当然。从各种因素对经济增长作用的发展趋势与作用的空间性上看，制约我国未来经济增长的核心经济因素将会从以往的经济制度瓶颈转向产业结构升级与技术进步上。