加强细节管理 确保蒸汽管网冬季平稳运行

对全厂蒸汽管网现状进行分析,制定措施,确保冬季蒸汽管网安全平稳运行。     

企业员工绩效管理的对策研究

绩效管理涉及员工的切身利益和企业整体目标的实现。要实现有效的绩效管理,必须先分析企业现存的问题,并找出相应的对策,以达到高效绩效管理体系的实现。     

发展中国家粮食安全与贫困——基于“交换权利映射”的分析

发展中国家贫困的特征表现为生产力和人均收入水平低,这两点导致了发展中国家个人的粮食获取能力受到制约。市场交易、自行生产和粮食援助是个体获取粮食的三种渠道。贫困通过对这些因素的影响最终导致了对粮食安全的威胁。"交换权利映射"通过个体拥有的资源与交换权利集合的映射关系说明了在发展中国家因为贫困而导致的个体拥有的资源匮乏而使其处在粮食不安全集合中。     

国外住房共有产权制度及对我国的启示

本文从共有产权的基本概念入手,介绍了共有产权制度在英国、美国和澳大利亚的发展概况,从住房形式、保障对象、产权分配和组织机构等方面解释其具体做法。通过总结三国的模式,在共有产权形式、独立的管理机构和保障性延续方面提出了对我们有益的启示。最后提出了完善我国住房共有产权制度的建议。     

Visitors’ acceptance of negative ecological impacts in national parks: comparing the explanatory power of psychographic scales in a Norwegian mountain setting

Even in protected areas, it is inevitable that any human use will produce some impact on natural resources. This study identifies visitors’ tolerance of potential negative ecological impacts from tourism activities and facilities in a Norwegian national park context, based on park visitors’ expressed degree of acceptance of negative effects on particular species of wildlife (wild reindeer and raptors) and on vegetation. Attitudes were analysed using psychographic scales, reflecting respondents’ nature orientations, their specific facility desires, their preferences in a wilderness setting and their concerns about human interaction with the natural environment. Fourteen research hypotheses were tested. Findings demonstrated that the psychographic scales explained more variation in attitudes than most social background and trip characteristics. Higher levels of education among visitors were strongly associated with increased ecological concern; age and gender were not. There was generally strong ecological awareness and eco-centrism among park visitors in general, with a small proportion of wilderness purists. Better trail conditions, signposting and interpretation were sought. But park visitors were also found to possess a complex mixture of needs and drivers. The study found significant potential for strategic alliances between tourism and conservation interests, and key value issues for park governance systems.     

Risk Perception and Buying Behavior: An Examination of Some Relationships in the Context of Cruise Tourism in Jamaica

Cruise tourism continues to grow substantially, even as many other forms of travel stagnate. In this era of increasing worldwide violence against tourists, safety, security, and risk abatement are becoming principal components in travelers' decision-making processes. This work examines the issue of perceived risk and safety and what impact these perceptions have on shopping behavior. The research takes place in Jamaica, a country with a reputation for aggressive vendors. Findings indicate that those visitors who traveled with others spent more time shopping and purchased more. Additionally, it was found that first time visitors express higher levels of discomfort with their surroundings than did repeat visitors, thus inhibiting purchase behavior. Finally, it was found that levels of perceived risk and security did have an impact on a traveler's intention to return to Jamaica.     

建立旅游安全救援系统的构想

旅游安全救援是对旅游活动中发生安全事故的相关当事人提供的紧急救护和援助,是保障旅游者安全、维护旅游业健康发展的重要方面,也是国家安全生产的需要.本文分析了我国旅游安全救援工作的现状、特点,剖析了建立旅游安全救援系统的必要性,尝试性地提出了构建由社会各部门共同参与的旅游安全救援系统的初步设想,以期创造安全的旅游环境.文章认为一个高效完善的旅游安全救援系统应该由核心机构、救援机构、直接外围机构、间接外围机构四部分共同组成.     

台湾旅游专业大学生实习的期望与评估研究

本文以台湾真理大学旅游学院为例,采用问卷方法,研究学生从事旅游实习的期望与成效。研究表明:(1)学生在选择实习单位时自主性高,不易受外界环境影响因素左右;(2)学生对从实习获得实际操作技术经验及专业知识有高度期望;(3)实习的最大收获为实质的知识与专业技能的获得;性别、实习的找寻方式、业者提供的实习方式(例如工作轮调,沟通管道和职前培训)和企业的规模均对学生实习期望和成效有一定显著影响;学生实习期望越高时,所获得的实习成效将相对提高。     

乡村生态旅游促进新型城镇化的实证分析--以西安市长安区为例

在生态资源富集又邻近大城市的乡村地区发展乡村生态旅游,能够有效地促进新型城镇化、助推新型旅游小城镇的形成。文章在界定核心概念并进行理论机理分析的基础上,以西安市长安区为例,对其2002—2014年间乡村生态旅游与新型城镇化之间的关系进行实证检验,结果表明：二者确实存在高度的正相关关系,且前者是后者的重要原因。因此,应采取有力措施发展这些地区的乡村生态旅游：第一,进一步加大政府对乡村地区基础设施的投资,彻底实现城乡公共产品供给的均等化;第二,引导民间资金、技术、管理等有序合理、规模适度地投入乡村生态旅游业;第三,务必加强乡村生态旅游业发展过程中的环境监管等。     

军事遗产旅游资源分类与价值评估

军事遗产是重要的历史资源,尤其在历史教育、知识输出、国情教育等方面具有重要价值,因而可被视为独特的旅游资源。本文在国内外军事遗产研究综述的基础上,提出军事遗产的分类方法,共计2个大类、7个亚类、28个子类。在梳理国内外研究的基础上结合专家评价,提出军事遗产的旅游价值评估指标体系,包含要素价值、存续特征2个一级指标及游憩价值、历史价值、审美价值、社会价值、独特程度、规模程度、知名度、完整性、适游性、承载力和安全性11个二级指标,并进一步划分为可观赏性等23个三级指标。采用基于专家打分的层次分析法对指标权重赋值,形成军事遗产旅游价值评价的方法体系,并构建军事遗产旅游价值评价对比关系图,以指导资源群中的单体开发梯次。