恩格斯对《资本论》方法的贡献——纪念恩格斯诞辰200周年

恩格斯对待《资本论》的态度是将其看做科学作品和历史作品的统一,坚持由“科学品性”提升“历史品格”——这就是对唯物主义路径的着重阐发;恩格斯进而希望通过自己的扎实辛勤工作,全方位展示他和马克思共同的理论思维——辩证法,用以“伟大逻辑”的建构。要之,恩格斯的工作和《资本论》方法关联的线索有三：一是以《自然辩证法》研究和《资本论》商品章“工作呼应”,希图在马克思主义理论中彻底肃清“蒲鲁东主义”;二是坚持《资本论》的由“自然过程”向“历史过程”进军,对其总体方法论和理论逻辑主张——自然历史过程——进行学理性阐发,又主要归结于发生学的工作逻辑;三是恩格斯晚年的历史唯物主义思考,以耄耋之年推动“《资本论》增补”工作,进行巨大的认识推进。换言之,从广义的工作角度看,恩格斯是尝试把《资本论》当作马克思自身要完成而未能完成的“《辩证法》”（即唯物辩证法）的一个全面预演。经由恩格斯的唯物史观化的“辩证法”努力,《资本论》逐渐成为指导科学思考和进行意识形态战斗的武器,这为《资本论》“俄国化”和“中国化”打下了牢靠的基础。     

分宜县土地细碎化的中观尺度研究

研究目的:借鉴土地格局领域的研究思路,在中观尺度上研究土地细碎化,以期在研究方法、数据获取等方面寻求突破,并利用2004年分宜县遥感影像解译的土地利用矢量对10个乡镇土地利用细碎化进行研究。研究方法:文献资料法,景观格局指数法,聚类分析法。研究结果:在中观尺度上研究土地细碎化问题,得到与微观尺度研究截然不同的结论——低山区土地细碎化程度最低,其次是平原区,而丘陵区的土地破碎化程度最高。研究结论:分宜县各乡镇土地利用细碎度指标的聚类结果空间分布规律特征十分显著。     

大城市边缘区土地利用变化与社会经济发展关系分析——以北京市平谷区为例

大城市边缘区是城市化最敏感、变化最大、最迅速的地区,也是土地利用变化最显著的地区,研究大城市边缘区土地利用变化时空过程及其驱动机制,对实现大城市自身可持续发展具有重要意义。该文采用数理统计与综合分析方法,对北京市平谷区土地利用动态变化及其与GDP、产业结构、消费结构、城镇化以及人口等社会经济发展因素的关系进行了分析。研究结果表明:1996~2004年,平谷区农用地面积持续减少,其中耕地减少较多,园地增长速度较快,林地略有减少。建设用地持续增加,其中交通用地增长速度最快。平谷区的土地利用变化与经济增长、产业升级、城镇化发展、消费结构变化以及人口增长具有显著的相关性,社会经济发展是土地利用变化的主要驱动因素。节约集约土地,提高土地利用效率,调整土地利用结构,促进产业优化升级,保障服务首都北京功能和平谷区域社会经济发展成为平谷区土地利用的必然要求。     

An Application of the Dynamic Network DEA Model: The Case of Banks in Taiwan

ABSTRACT

In this study, we apply the dynamic network slack-based measure data envelopment analysis model (DNSBM) to measure the efficiency of Taiwanese banks during the period 2005–11. Using the network structure, we define intellectual capital creation capability as one of the production stages. In order to capture the dynamics of the transformation process, the nonperforming loans and loan loss reserves are defined as carryover items. This study offers sufficient information for managers to understand not only the overall performance of their banks but also the efficiency of each production stage and the dynamic changes of the overall and divisional efficiencies.     

Modelo de gestión logística para pequeñas y medianas empresas en México

The market opening and the globalization of supply chains, demand a structural changes in which logistics has a strategic role. Nowadays, clients evaluate product quality, its value added and its availability in time and form, which implies a need to make the process efficient. Several experts have proposed some logistics management models to increase competitiveness in the market, but some of these models are too ambitious for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) due to their informal structure and their lack of technical knowledge; other models make indirect reference to the internal information flows, which include whole system disintegration because of the weak interrelation among the different areas. In Mexico, SMEs represent 4.2%, they generate 31.5% of employment and provide 37% of the gross domestic product; that is why it is important to reinforce their competitive position in the market. This research presents the design of a conceptual model of logistic management for SMEs which could provide comprehensive solution through control of the variables involved in the logistics process; to verify that the variables considered in each identified dimension are correct factor analysis was used.     

Manifestaciones psicosomáticas,compromiso y burnout como consecuentes del clima y la cultura organizacional: un análisis de ruta (path analysis)

The aim of this paper was to study the structural relationship on an path analysis between 13 se-lected variables, explaining a model of occupational health and labor climate: variables of culture (leadership and organizational support), climate (communication and cohesion), burnout (wear emo-tional, depersonalization and dissatisfaction achievement) commitment (affective, normative and continuity) and psychosomatic manifestations (sleep, gastrointestinal and pain). A sample of 1629 subjects of a multinational telecommunications company was used. Two structural models were performed in path analysis using AMOS-IBM version 19, program using the maximum likelihood method, after appropriate testing setting, a path model with 12 significant variables was obtained, eliminating organizational support perceived, a satisfactory reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alfa, the model can be compared and improved in subsequent studies. The burnout explained by route analysis, the importance of a good organizational climate and culture to increase affective commitment, and decrease psychosomatic manifestations. As a model of occupational health, the findings are important for the diagnosis, prevention or intervention in occupational health through studies of organizational climate.     

Tourism at Costalegre,Mexico: An ecosystem services-based exploration of current challenges and alternative futures

Tourism, as all human activities, is dependent on the natural environment and its respective ecosystem services (ES). Different user groups manage and consume these touristic ES differently, resulting in discrepancies and potential conflicts. Despite the urgency to find inclusive local approaches for sustainable development, tourism studies still analyze socio-economic and ecological impacts separately and lack integrated social–ecological approaches to improve foresight in tourism planning. Based on a growing concern regarding the future of Costalegre on the Jalisco coast of Western Mexico, we analyze through interviews, surveys, and participant observation the dependence of tourism on specific ecosystem services and conduct a scenario analysis which shows present and future implications for the social–ecological system. Furthermore, this analysis shows in detail how different scenarios change ES provision and people's livelihoods. Key findings include identifying freshwater provision and cultural ES as the most important touristic ES. At a regional scale, peasants in ejidos are the main ES stewards, whereas high-class tourism facilities constitute important local stewards. Benefits, mainly access to freshwater and the beach, are unequally distributed, provoking conflicts among different ES user groups that may escalate in the near future. Improved communication between all user groups and strengthening of key political actors seem to be the most immediate recommendations to ensure the long term sustainability of this particular region. This work may contribute to improved planning and decision-making as our ES based scenarios are a first step to integrate social–ecological knowledge into improved decision-making. At a local scale, the study reveals the most likely future development options and their social and ecological consequences. It could also serve as a baseline for informed policy making.     

Which Way is “Up” in Upgrading? Trajectories of Change in the Value Chain for South African Wine

Global Value Chain (GVC) analysis uses the concept of upgrading to highlight paths for developing country firms to “move up the value chain,” usually through the lenses of four categories—product, process, functional, and inter-sectoral upgrading. The implicit normative expectation is that these firms move toward producing higher value-added products and/or take on more sophisticated functions along a value chain. In this article, upgrading is approached more broadly as “reaching a better deal,” including a balance between rewards and risk. The case study of South African wine shows that better product quality, improved processes, and some functional upgrading have co-existed with processes of “downgrading,” higher risks, and limited rewards, especially in traditional export markets. A reflection on further conceptual development and directions for empirical research is also provided.     

行政管理案例分析课程的教学方法

案例教学对激发学生的学习积极性和主动性等方面具有重要作用。提高行政管理案例分析课程的教学质量应采用多样化的教学方法:选用典型的案例,利用现代教学手段,采用讨论、辩论、情境模拟等多种形式,强化教师与学生的职责等。     

试析法治路径的悖论

中国法治的路径选择存在着悖论性问题.以一种语境化的分析方法,在对"自治"与"他治"、"政府主导"与"民主参与"、"确定"与"不确定性"三组范畴的比对中,辨析法治路径的悖论性内容,借以补正与完善法治路径选择中的某些理论问题.