全固态发射机技术维护提要

简要介绍全固态发射机的日常维护和应急处理要点,尤其是对全固态技术最为关键和贵重的元件MOS晶体管的检修要点,做了简单详尽的介绍,诸如MOS晶体管的取用和保存、拆卸和焊装、测量与判定等,引进实物图,增强文章实用和操作性。     

电子商务环境下快递爆仓成因及对策研究

从运力供给、行业利润、发展模式和不可抗因素等几个方面分析了快递爆仓的成因,在此基础上,从增加运力供给、制定合理价格、转变经营模式、构建应急预案等角度提出了针对性的措施,对于实现快递业和电子商务的协调发展具有现实意义。     

政府对非营利组织在地质灾害应急决策中的支持作用

地质灾害(简称地灾)应急管理是政府履行的重要职能,而非营利组织因其多元化特色与优势能够参与其中,但需要得到政府部门的支持.在此基础上,理清了政府在地质灾害应急决策中的应然角色,明确了非营利组织在此决策中的功能定位,为地质灾害应急决策效率与效果提升提供思路.     

区域应急物流基础设施平台规划与建设研究

对区域应急物流基础设施平台规划进行了研究,提出了"四点一网"的平台构架和相应的规划原则,在此基础上,重点对该构架中应急物流集散中心和应急物流配送中心进行了功能设计,并对该平台的建设方式提出了合理可行的建议。     

公路交通应急资源管理系统构建研究

设计提出了公路交通应急资源管理系统,对系统的功能需求及主要工作流程进行了重点分析,并详细描述了系统的总体结构及各个功能模块。     

农产品物流安全应急决策支持系统研究

针对农产品物流安全的特点，围绕运输车辆、农产品腐烂等突发事故，集成Internet GIS、无线数据传输、无线通讯等信息化技术，构建了分布式应急决策支持系统（DDSS）。最后基于GPS／GIS／GSM（3G）技术，以车辆调度为例阐述了典型功能区的远程数据采集与决策管理实现。     

基于群体协同的突发公共事件应急管理研究

群体协同能形成高于个体线性和的效应,为提高应急管理水平提供思路和方向。文章结合危机事件的特点,分析了应急管理群体协同的动因,并通过该视角多角度的提出应急管理对策及建议。     

浅谈建筑物消防应急照明设计

基于现行规范和工程设计实践，本文简单阐述了建筑物的消防应急照明设计，包括应急照度标准，消防应急灯具选择及安装，灯具供电电源，灯具的控制方式以及导线选择及敷设等内容。     

Costs of inpatient and emergency department care for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in an elderly Medicare population

Objective:

Treatment in the hospital setting accounts for the largest portion of healthcare costs for COPD, but there is little information about components of hospital care that contribute most to these costs. The authors determined the costs and characteristics of COPD-related hospital-based healthcare in a Medicare population.

Methods

Using administrative data from 602 hospitals, 2008 costs of COPD-related care among Medicare beneficiaries age ≥65 years were calculated for emergency department (ED) visits, simple inpatient admissions and complex admissions (categorized as intubation/no intensive care, intensive care/no intubation, and intensive care/intubation) in a cross-sectional study. Rates of death at discharge and trends in costs, length of stay and readmission rates from 2005 to 2008 also were examined.

Main results:

There were 45,421 eligible healthcare encounters in 2008. Mean costs were $679 (SD, $399) for ED visits (n = 10,322), $7,544 ($8,049) for simple inpatient admissions (n = 25,560), and $21,098 ($46,160) for complex admissions (n = 2,441). Intensive care/intubation admissions (n = 460) had the highest costs ($45,607, SD $94,794) and greatest length of stay (16.3 days, SD 13.7); intubation/no ICU admissions had the highest inpatient mortality (42.1%). In 2008, 15.4% of patients with a COPD-related ED visit had a repeat ED visit and 15.5–16.5% of those with a COPD-related admission had a readmission within 60 days. From 2005 to 2008, costs of admissions involving intubation increased 10.4–23.5%. Study limitations include the absence of objective clinical data, including spirometry and smoking history, to validate administrative data and permit identification of disease severity.

Conclusions:

In this Medicare population, COPD exacerbations and related inpatient and emergency department care represented a substantial cost burden. Admissions involving intubation were associated with the highest costs, lengths of stay and inpatient mortality. This population needs to be managed and treated adequately in order to prevent these severe events.     

自锁理论与应急物流体系

我国近几年自然灾害频繁发生,群众生命和财产都遭受了重大损失。在救灾过程中,一方面体现了我国人民抗灾的决心和毅力,但另一方面也暴露出我国应急救灾体系的薄弱。灾害造成的损失其中小部分是由灾害直接造成的,而更大一部分是在救援过程中发生的。因此,应急物流体系的高效运作是将灾害损失降到最低的重要保障。阐述了应急物流的定义和特点,自锁现象的定义及自锁条件,并在此基础上提出了应急物流体系中的自锁理论。最后,叙述了该理论对我国应急物流体系管理的一些启示。