人力资本与战略性新兴产业发展——基于105家上市公司的DEA-Malmquist指数分析

利用DEA-Malmquist指数,对我国7大战略性新兴产业2007年—2011年全要素生产率的变动做了纵向和横向比较,并进一步测算了各产业分别以人力资本和物质资本作为单一投入要素的Malmquist指数,即对战略性新兴产业全要素生产率分行业进行了要素分解,从而对人力资本投入对于培育和发展战略性新兴产业的重要性,以及各细分行业的人才战略实施情况有一个整体把握。结论认为要充分发挥人力资本的作用,依靠企业内部的高强度人才招聘和培训是其中一方面,而更应从价值链重构、产业结构调整的视阈中开拓人才战略的新思路。     

经济学专业创新型人才培养研究

培养经济学专业创新型人才是国家经济社会发展的需要。借鉴美国经济学专业人才培养模式,结合中国经济学教育实践,培养经济学专业创新型人才,应注意优化人才培养目标,注重课程教学平台、科技实践平台建设,改进人才培养路径。     

The process of entrepreneurial action at the base of the pyramid in developing countries: a case of vegetable farmers in Benin

The assumption that entrepreneurship is a critical factor in expanding employment, creating wealth and contributing to poverty alleviation at the base of the pyramid (BoP) in developing countries has led to the development of many initiatives to strengthen the entrepreneurial activities of poor people. Despite the fact that entrepreneurship is seen as a strategy in combatting poverty, the process that leads to entrepreneurial action in a BoP context is still unclear. In this paper, we illustrate the possibilities a multi-layered perspective offers to understand the complexity of entrepreneurship in poverty settings. Based on five focus group discussions and 36 in-depth interviews with vegetable farmers in Benin, we examined the entrepreneurship of poor people. We learned that entrepreneurial action is the nexus of individual and exogenous factors in complex relationships. Based on this, we elaborate on the characteristics of the process model of entrepreneurial action. We provide a process-based view of entrepreneurship at the BoP, suggesting a need for consistency between individual, behavioural strategies and contextual elements. We discuss the implications of our findings for BoP practice and provide a framing perspective that we hope will encourage a greater focus on the complexity of entrepreneurship phenomenon.     

The (potential) demise of HRM?

This article seeks to provoke that human resource management (HRM), both as an academic field of study and as a form of professional practice, is at risk of impoverishment. The main reasoning for this is because of ideological individualism and marketisation with an attendant neglect on wider organisational, employee, and societal concerns. Following a review of the context of financialised capitalism, three contemporary developments in HRM are used to illustrate the argument: reward strategies, talent management, and high performance work systems. Implications for the practice of HRM and the way the subject area is taught in mainstream business schools are considered.     

Talent management of skilled migrants: propositions and an agenda for future research

This paper unpacks the dominant conceptualizations of talent management (TM) in contemporary academic publications, and considers these in relation to the increasingly important workforce population of skilled international migrants. It postulates that TM approaches are generally built from a relatively narrow human capital-based perspective wherein organizations focus on readily accessible and immediate skills, ignoring the longer term strategic potential of the international workforce of skilled migrants, particularly for multinational enterprises and other international organizations. Through a series of propositions, the paper highlights how organizations, in strategically using a more comprehensive TM lens rather than a human capital lens in approaching the TM of skilled migrants, could benefit from improved HRM performance over time. It also proposes a research agenda, by which future studies might test, explore, and further develop understanding on a more strategic utilization of skilled migrants in organizations.     

创业导向、外部知识获取与创业机会识别

创业活动是创新、就业和经济增长的重要来源。企业家通过持续探索创造新业务,促进社会和经济的发展和繁荣。本文基于资源基础理论和知识基础理论,以大众创业浪潮为研究背景,深入揭示创业导向、外部知识获取与创业机会识别之间的关系,并以中国246份创业新企业为样本进行了实证研究。研究结果表明：创业导向对新企业的机会识别和外部知识获取均具有积极影响;外部知识获取在创业导向和新企业的机会识别之间起到部分中介作用;此外,市场知识获取比技术知识获取对创业机会识别的影响更为突出。     

高校人才流动中的非理性问题分析

当前,高校人才流动领域存在诸多非理性问题。具体表现为人才观、地域选择、个人价值认知、社会评价的非理性。非理性问题是当前高校人才无序流动的重要原因,造成人才市场的混乱,国家高教格局的失衡及地区间经济差距的加大。因此,必须建立有效的管理体制,促进高校人才流动的理性化。     

不同领导风格与团队自省性组合下的创业绩效

文章依据团队“输入-过程-输出”（IPO）视角,通过对105名创业团队领导和315名团队成员的配对数据进行实证分析,探讨了团队自省性对创业绩效的作用,进一步地检验了创业团队中不同的领导风格与团队自省性组合情境对团队绩效影响的差异,并研究了创业环境动态性在团队自省性与团队创业绩效关系中作用。研究结果表明,团队自省性的增加有助于团队的创业绩效的提高,创业绩效在不同的情景组合下有所差异,创业环境动态性正向调节了团队自省性对创业绩效的作用。本研究对创业企业有一定实践意义。     

创业拼凑、网络关系与新企业绩效——基于京津冀地区企业的实证分析

资源匮乏是企业发展过程中的重要绊脚石,化解此问题对新企业成长具有重要意义.从资源获取视角切入,基于资源基础理论和创业拼凑理论,探究创业拼凑对新企业绩效的作用机理,以及网络关系在两者之间的中介机制,对京津冀地区177家新企业问卷数据进行回归分析.结果表明:创业拼凑能够通过对内外资源的整合,实现对资源的即时利用,有助于企业绩效提升;拼凑行为的开展会推动企业积极构建商业关系与政府关系,进而作用于企业发展过程;良好政治关系有利于与合作伙伴等建立稳定的商业关系.研究结论有助于缓解新企业资源尴尬的窘境以及进一步为网络关系中资源的获取与转移使用提供新的视角.     

江苏科技人才发展问题与对策研究

人才是科技创新最关键的因素,以《中国高技术产业统计年鉴》、《中国科技统计年鉴》为基础,对江苏的主要人才指标与广东、浙江进行对标分析,找出江苏科技人才发展的优势与不足.江苏存在研发人员增速缓慢、基础研究人才不足、人才区域分布不均衡等问题,分析问题背后的深层次原因,并从增强高新技术产业人才集聚效应、建设高水平基础研究人才队伍、提高苏中苏北引才育才能力等方面提出对策建议.