The logical status of risk – to burnish or to dull

Presented here is an elaboration of the fundamental features of the meaning of risk. It distinguishes between analytic approaches grounded in realism and postmodern (including constructionist) epistemologies and the presuppositions of each. It argues that attempts to fuse the ontology of risk with epistemological considerations into a common definition is both internally contradictory and a weak foundation for a theoretically justified definition of risk. In place of a fused definition of risk, it re‐affirms a definition risk as a state of the world, independent of percipient actors.     

Knowledge and Innovation in China: Historical Legacies and Emerging Institutions

The purpose of this study is to provide a critical and historically grounded perspective on the institutional fabric for knowledge generation and innovative activities in Chinese society. Utilizing theoretical and methodological insights from social epistemology, it explores legacies of traditional Chinese perceptions of the utility of scientific knowledge, the balance of exploitation/exploration, the prestige of innovation, and the division of labour in knowledge production and application. It is argued that these legacies have continued to shape emerging contemporary institutions of knowledge and innovation. They contribute to tensions between the search for knowledge and requirements of power; they bias innovative activities towards exploitation; and they constrain creative entrepreneurship in the transitional innovation system.     

Keynes's realisms

Abstract

Some authors pointed to a realist orientation in Keynes's thought. However, since ‘realism’ is a wide and sometimes equivocal term, one may ask what kind of realism Keynes's realism is. This paper argues that Keynes held to an ontological, logical–semantic and epistemic realism. Whereas ontological realism has metaphysical connections, logical–semantic realism involves a notion of truth, and epistemological realism presupposes a theory of knowledge. The character of the subject matter circumscribes the scope of this last kind of realism. Epistemological realism is related to the role of intuition and convention in Keynes's thought, the meaning and evolution of which is explained.     

中国的社会主义性质不容置疑

正确认识中国社会主义性质 ,一要解放思想 ,坚持实践认识论 ,正确认识马克思主义经典作家的理论设想 ,提高对社会主义的认识水平 ;二要正确认识我国公有制的主体地位和公有制实现形式的多样化 ;同时 ,要充分认识我国社会主义建立的特殊历史前提。中国社会主义既体现了社会主义的普遍性 ,又具有浓郁的民族特色。     

电子竞技引擎技术创新的边界问题

随着数字媒介技术发展的历史变迁,电子竞技引擎技术作为其中一个较早的例子代表了民众所说的融合文化。电玩媒体是一种可行的文化表达方式,一些思想家认为电玩在教育与文化话语中具有变革的力量。     

中国“国有企业效率效益”问题的理论误区与认识论、方法论原因——四评“国有企业效率效益必然低下”

国有企业在性质、目的、生产方式等方面与私有企业的差异性决定二者在效率效益上没有简单可比性。国有企业效率效益低下论是西方经济学封闭系统方法论的一般性产物。而在中国,它的产生与形成还具有近因效应、光环效应、代表性启发式思维等唯心主义认识论影响,也是在事物(效率效益)分析上逻辑简单化、极端化、矫枉过正、用事物现象代替事物本质等方法论作用的结果。这些方法论的运用在企业效率效益衡量上形成了带有资本主义价值观与意识形态色彩的双重标准范式,其逻辑关系就是试图证明私有化才是唯一提高效率效益的手段。而整体主义、唯物主义的方法论分析则揭示出这种论点在经济学方法论上的伪科学性。     

Three generations on a holiday: Exploring the influence of Neo-Confucian values on Korean Multigenerational Family vacation decision making

Despite being recognised as a lucrative segment by the industry, multigenerational family vacation remains an under-researched area. This study explores Korean multigenerational family vacation decision making (FVDM). Using a neo-Confucian epistemology, this study contributes to the existing family tourism literature, which has mainly researched Western nuclear family holidays, by investigating how Korean multigenerational families resolve conflicts during the FVDM process. Data were collected from 14 Korean multigenerational families using focus groups, interviews and visual methods. The study reveals the influence of neo-Confucianism on FVDM communication and the conflict resolution strategies. The vertical communication across generations was guided by filial piety while the horizontal communication within the second generation demonstrates seniority- and male- oriented values. Given the communication patterns, each generation adopted conflict resolution strategies to maintain family harmony, which is a core value of neo-Confucianism. Recommendations are provided to tourism practitioners to develop tourism products and marketing strategies.     

论明末清初西学对中国哲学范式转换的影响

明末清初的＂西学东渐＂,客观上加快了中国哲学从宋明理学向明清实学的转向进程。西方的科学技术以及人文知识使得中国哲学初步实现了由格心穷理向格物致知的认识论转向、由道德经世向科学经世的实践论转向以及由主观臆测向实事求是的方法论转向,这些资源也是我们今天重建中国文化的重要资源。     

The Tshwane Homeless Summit as dramaturgy: A contextual,trans-disciplinary epistemology from below

ABSTRACT

In this article we propose a contextual, trans-disciplinary epistemology from below, as explored through the lenses of the Tshwane Homeless Summit and the broader policy-making process of which it formed a part. The article considers the Tshwane Homeless Summit as dramaturgy, wondering whether the stage that was set was predetermined or allowed for dissensus, irruption and surprise. The reflection of this article departs from a contextual theological perspective, suggesting that a contextual, trans-disciplinary epistemology from below requires a contextual spirituality in which the homeless/God will take centre stage.     

关于中国大学生英语学习认识论与方法论的若干问题

自从国家实行大学英语四、六级统考以来,英语学习越来越成为全国大学生的重中之重。可是,由于在认识论与方法论上存在种种谬误,造成了英语教与学效率低下、事倍功半等的负面效应。为真正落实好教育部大学英语教学模式改革方案,大幅度提高学生应用英语的实际能力,应该首先解决大学生英语学习认识论与方法论的问题。