Applying experiential marketing in selling tourism dreams

Experiential marketing is effective in influencing tourist behaviour because pleasure tourists travel in pursuit of fantasies and positive emotions. The influences of experiential marketing on tourist behaviour depends on tourist imagery processing (i.e. the mental system involved in processing experiential stimuli). This theme has recently attracted the attention of tourism academics, but it lacks guidance for researchers to navigate the dense, complex literature. Hence, this paper aims to provide a theoretically based review of imagery processing research in tourism. The systematic quantitative literature review method is applied to select and analyse 70 relevant papers published in the period from 1997 to 2017. In doing so, this review reconciles imagery-related concepts such as mental simulation, consumption vision, narrative transportation, telepresence, imagination, fantasy and memory recall. Moreover, a general framework of tourist behaviour is developed to explain how experiential marketing influences tourist behaviour by means of mental processes. This paper suggests different ways to apply experiential marketing in managing tourist experiences. Also, it highlights the necessity of customising experiential marketing initiatives to target different tourist segments.     

The Temporal Phases of Leisure Experience: Expectation,Experience and Reflection of Leisure Participation

While there have been studies whereby the methodology relied on evaluations of pre-, during, and postparticipation experiences, it is far more common that research on leisure does not consider the temporal phases of a leisure experience. Further, many of the studies that have attempted to encompass the multiple temporal phases of experiential leisure involvement have not focused on participants who had established significant leisure careers or long histories of recreation participation in a singular activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the temporal phases of a leisure experience in the context of individuals' in situ attendance at a niche music performance. These phases consisted of participants' expectations before the event, the actual experience during the event, and the memory of that experience after its completion. Because participants wanted to feel in control of their lives, personal reassessments and the prioritization of positive events sought to emphasize the value of their agency. Researchers found that the reconstruction of memory drives desire for future participation as well as the associative expectations of what is to come.     

村民自治以来中国农村妇女参政的本土经验

对村民自治以来的农村妇女参政进行经验总结,以将其推广到更广大的范围,持续发挥支持妇女参政的作用,对推进社会主义新农村建设具有重要意义。赋予平等的参与权是农村妇女参政的前提;加强具体制度建设是农村妇女参政的重要保障;进行充分的组织动员是促进农村妇女参政的关键;加强教育培训是促进农村妇女参政可持续性的根本。     

From male to joint land ownership: Women's experiences of the land tenure reform programme in Rwanda

During the post‐genocide period, the Government of Rwanda embarked on a land tenure reform programme that culminated in a land registration and titling process in 2009. This paper intends to capture women's experiences in relation to this programme. The empirical data were collected in Musanze District using a household survey, semi‐structured interviews, and focus group discussions. The main findings reveal that there is support of the general idea that women should benefit from the land tenure reform in Rwanda. However, there is some criticism towards parts of the land laws, and women have limited actual knowledge about land‐related laws. With land titles, women mostly have a say on the land use decisions requiring each of the spounses' legal consents but not on the daily management of land and its produce. Finally, the paper reports the persistence of social norms and culturally biased gender ideologies affecting the effective implementation of land‐related laws and policies. Therefore, the paper underscores the need to build the implementation of new laws and policies on a good understanding of customary practices to strengthen women's land rights in Rwanda.     

中国地方税制改革：国际经验比较与目标模式选择

按照“事权与财力相匹配”原则进行的地方税制改革,必须解决好中央与地方的集权分权程度、地方税制构成这两个核心问题。围绕这两个问题,文章通过对美、日、英等国地方税制进行分析,并结合中国现实认为,从长期来看,中国应选择分权模式,以解决地域广阔所带来的问题。但短期内,在面临人口流动壁垒、城乡二元结构、民众对地方政府缺乏监督等情况下,分权模式弊大于利。因此,要加强中央政府在收入方面的权力,而在支出方面应予分权。     

亚洲地区银行保险经验借鉴

2000年引入海外银行保险理念以来，我国的银行保险业呈现出良好的发展势头。银保双方在合作产品、合作渠道、合作团队上有所创新，但是根本的合作模式没有发生实质改变。与欧美相比，亚洲的很多国家、地区在经营模式、销售渠道、融合方式、产品策略等方面对我国银保发展具有重要借鉴意义。要想走出银行保险的瓶颈，我国应该建立更为紧密的合作模式和融合方式；通过适合的渠道销售满足客户需求的银保产品；加强技术系统的整合。     

日本处理金融机构经营危机的经验与教训

总结泡沫经济破灭以前，泡沫经济破灭后至1995年，1996年以后三个阶段日本处理金融机构经营危机的措施及其效果，可得出如下值得经验与教训；第一，在不同的金融环境下，应该采取不同的金融机构经营危机处理方式；第二，对发生经营危机的金融机构的处理一定要及时；第三，在金融体系动荡不定的时期，既要高度重视处理已经发生经营危机的金融机构，也要采取措施稳固尚未发生经营危机的金融机构的经营基础。     

The effects of negative mentoring experiences on mentor creativity: The roles of mentor ego depletion and traditionality

The literature often focuses on the positive effects of mentoring, especially for protégés. When mentoring experiences are negative, the assumption is that these negative effects are less detrimental to the mentor than to the protégé, owing to the mentor's greater relative power in the relationship. This study uses ego depletion theory to examine the link between negative mentoring experiences (as rated by protégés) and mentor creativity and focuses on the mediating and moderating roles of mentor ego depletion and mentor traditionality on this link. The results are based on data from 227 protégés, 187 mentors, and 187 supervisors of mentors in Chinese organizations. The findings support a mediating effect of ego depletion on the negative relationship between negative mentoring experiences and mentor creativity. In addition, the study finds that traditionality attenuates both the positive relationship between negative mentoring experiences and ego depletion and the indirect effect of negative mentoring experiences on mentors' creativity through ego depletion. The implications for management theory and practice are discussed.     

Why do people share their travel experiences on social media?

Tourism practices and destination decisions are more and more affected by the opinions of trusted friends channeled through social media, and it is therefore of great interest to explore the role that this plays in the travel context. It is also valuable to understand the behaviour of people commonly known as “lurkers”, who travel but do not share their experiences with others. We draw on social influence theory and its three constructs – identification, internalization, and compliance, as well as the users’ personality, to investigate these issues. Based on 381 responses, findings reveal two dominant reasons: first, perceived enjoyment was the most important motive for travellers to share their travel experiences on online networks and travel websites. Second, security and privacy issues are the top latent reasons. This study extends the tourism literature by combining all online behaviours into one single model. We also provide suggestions for further research.     

中小企业融资:世界性难题与我国的应对措施

中小企业融资难是一个世界性难题。我国的中小企业融资难的原因既有普遍性,也有特殊性。要解决 这一难题,不仅要充分认识大力发展中小企业的重大意义,还要借鉴其他国家的做法及经验,结合我国国情走出我国 中小企业融资之路。