混合动力车四轮驱动控制策略研究

文章从提高燃油经济性和降低排放的角度出发,确立了以动力输出力矩为主要参数,并以油门踏板和节气门开度的变化率为控制变量的控制策略设计方案,确保发动机始终工作在高效区,从而实现发动机的燃油经济性和低排放。采用内燃机和电机分别单独驱动前后轮的并联式混合动力车,汽车底盘结构紧凑,降低了制造成本,容易实现产业化。     

国土资源标准化战略的保障体系建设浅析

本文阐述了构建国土资源标准化战略保障体系的目标与原则,详细分析、阐释了国土资源标准化战略保障体系的构成要素,并提出了国土资源标准化战略保障体系需要重点建设的几个方面。     

顾客营销策略探讨

顾客营销是以全方位满足顾客个性化需求为内容的顾客导向营销理念。文章以顾客营销为研究主题,从顾客营销的内涵、顾客营销过程分析入手,着重对顾客营销策略进行论述和探讨。     

关于构建社会主义和谐社会的战略性研究

本文研究构建社会主义和谐社会的可能性和长期性问题。当前我国经济社会发展已进入人均GDP从1000美元向3000美元跨越的关键阶段。这既是加快发展的黄金期,又是社会矛盾的凸显期。“和平与发展”的世界主流,长期稳定增长的国内经济形势,科学合理的国内发展布局,民主法制的不断进步,都是构建社会主义和谐社会的有利因素。这些因素的不断发展并相互作用,为社会主义和谐目标的实现提供了可能。构建社会主义和谐社会的长期性构想,源于社会和谐是中国特色社会主义的本质属性,社会和谐是中国特色社会主义的重要目标,解决政治体制和经济体制的不协调需要很长的时间,实现社会和谐是一个分步骤持续推进的长期历史过程。     

我国职业经理人薪酬战略选择——递延股票薪酬

职业经理人作为企业经营者中一个特殊的群体,企业应针对其特征,制定符合其价值的薪酬体系,才能具有激励职业经理人、提升企业竞争力的双重作用。本文从我国职业经理人的涵义着笔,分析了我国职业经理人的薪酬现状及其需求,在此基础上提出了我国职业经理人薪酬战略选择-递延股票薪酬。     

Classification of intraday S&P500 returns with a Random Forest

Stock markets can be interpreted to a certain extent as prediction markets, since they can incorporate and represent the different opinions of investors who disagree on the implications of the available information on past and expected events and trade on their beliefs in order to achieve profits. Many forecast models have been developed for predicting the future state of stock markets, with the aim of using this knowledge in a trading strategy. This paper interprets the classification of the S&P500 open-to-close returns as a four-class problem. We compare four trading strategies based on a random forest classifier to a buy-and-hold strategy. The results show that predicting the classes with higher absolute returns, ‘strong positive’ and ‘strong negative’, contributed the most to the trading strategies on average. This finding can help shed light on the way in which using additional event outcomes for the classification beyond a simple upward or downward movement can potentially improve a trading strategy.     

What have we learnt about board gender diversity as a business strategy? The appointment of board subcommittees

This paper explores whether a board's gender diversity influences the voluntary formation of its board subcommittees. Female board directorship may become a business strategy for firms if it affects the appointment of board subcommittees. We hypothesize that the voluntary creation of board subcommittees is affected by the presence of female directors on boards; the presence of independent, executive, and institutional female directors; and the proportion of shares held by female directors on boards. Board gender diversity has been measured as a proportion and with Blau's index. The results show that independent female directors are positively associated with the likelihood of voluntarily setting up all or some of the committees and a supervision and control committee. The presence of executive female directors negatively influences the probability of forming all or some of the committees, an executive committee and a supervision and control committee. The percentage of shares held by female directors has a positive effect on the voluntary creation of an executive committee. The findings also report that women directors and institutional female directors do not contribute to the voluntary creation of board subcommittees. Our evidence shows that female board directorship impacts the demand of internal control mechanisms such as board subcommittees, suggesting that firms should take it into account as a business strategy. The main implications derived from this research are relevant for Spanish policymakers and researchers because board gender diversity may play a significant role in the decision‐making processes of firms and may influence firms' outcomes.     

Turning corporate environmental ethics into firm performance: The role of green marketing programs

In this study, we develop a better understanding of the mechanisms by which corporate environmental ethics influences performance through the adoption of substantive actions. The empirical results of a moderated mediating analysis show that firms with higher environmental ethics are more likely to implement green marketing programs, consisting of the green production, pricing, distribution, and promotion programs and then improve firm performance. It is also observed that closure mechanism negatively moderates the mediation effect of green marketing programs because it leads to low trust and unwillingness to internal cooperation. These findings indicate that the value of corporate environmental ethics could not be determined in a vacuum, both strategy and people do matter when pursuing environmentally driven performance.     

Subsidiary staffing,cultural friction,and subsidiary performance: Evidence from Korean subsidiaries in 63 countries

Drawing from the notion of cultural friction and based on the agency theory rationalization of multinational enterprise (MNE) headquarter–subsidiary relationship, we examine the impact of cultural friction in foreign subsidiaries on subsidiary performance. We argue that cultural friction, arising due to a high presence of parent country nationals (PCNs) in culturally distant locations, has a detrimental effect on subsidiary performance. This effect is the strongest when the cultural friction is at the top management team (TMT) level and the weakest when friction is at the regular employee level. However, this relationship is contingent on factors that work as drags or lubricants for cultural friction between PCNs and host country nationals (HCNs). We identify governance mode and language differences between home and host countries as drag parameters and host country experience and subsidiary interdependence as lubricants that condition the effect of cultural friction on subsidiary performance. Empirical findings based on a longitudinal sample of 7,495 foreign subsidiary observations of 467 Korean MNEs in 63 countries during 1990–2014 provide robust support for our theoretical predictions.     

Multilateral trade liberalisation helps promote export product diversification: Trade tensions damage the prospects of the poorest economies

Using a large panel dataset over a 20‐year period, this article explores the effect of multilateral trade liberalisation on export product diversification. Empirical results show that multilateral trade liberalisation is positively associated with export product diversification. However, less‐developed economies experience a greater positive effect than relatively advanced economies. This analysis suggests that if trade tensions reduce cooperation on trade matters among World Trade Organization members, it may hinder export product diversification in developing countries, and the poorest countries might be the most adversely affected.