Organizing women for combat: The experience of the FARC in the Colombian war

The FARC, which used to be Colombia's main guerrilla force and is now in the midst of a peace process, was to a great extent a feminized group. This paper discusses why it recruited so many women, and why it recruited them as combatants. We suggest that only when the FARC adopted a highly hierarchical, self‐contained, and militaristic organizational blueprint did it get involved in the massive recruitment of women as combatants. We discuss the way in which organizational mechanisms and ideology interacted to produce such an outcome, and how this interaction marked both the organization and the trajectories of the women who joined it.     

平台赋能、价值共创与跨境电子商务企业绩效

跨境电子商务企业通过拓展平台功能,提高自身运营能力。本文以敦煌网、全球速卖通、京东海外、亚马逊等信誉度较高的平台跨境电子商务企业为研究对象,发放500份调查问卷,探究平台赋能、价值共创与跨境电子商务企业绩效之间的关联性。研究发现:平台赋能与跨境电商企业绩效之间为显著的正相关关系;价值共创与跨境电商企业绩效之间为显著的正相关关系;价值共创在平台赋能促进跨境电商企业绩效提升中起到部分中介作用。根据研究结果,本文建议从政府、跨境电商平台、跨境电商企业三个层面制定方针政策,以平台赋能提升参与企业资源整合、建立以及重构电商平台的内外部能力,从而提升电子商务企业快速适应外部市场环境的能力,最终提升企业绩效。     

女性旅游者研究综述

作为旅游市场的重要组成部分,女性市场已经成为业界普遍关注的重点,但理论研究相对滞后和缺乏.文章搜集了国内外关于女性旅游者的所有可检索到的文献,按照从一般到特殊的研究方法将以往研究成果归纳为一般女性旅游者研究、特殊女性旅游者研究两类,而后者又分为特定区域女性旅游者、特殊群体女性旅游者、特定时期女性旅游者三个研究方向.文章在对文献的总结和梳理的基础上,指出国内外对女性旅游者的研究角度各有偏颇和利弊,国内的研究在总体上落后于国外.     

天涯芳草无归路——繁漪与安娜爱情悲剧的比较

安娜·卡列尼娜与繁漪是两朵为爱而生为爱而亡的奇葩,先后绽放在中外文学的土地上。她们虽然生在不同的年代,不同的国度,有着不同的肤色,操着不同的语言,却有着惊人的相似之处：她们生活在地位显赫的官僚家庭,但都不满于贵族社会的虚伪和不合理的封建婚姻制度,勇敢地冲破旧制度的樊笼释放真我个性,大胆地追求爱情和幸福。纵使是昙花一现的瞬间绚烂,她们也不惜付诸生命的代价去诠释。安娜与繁漪的悲剧除了明显的外因——社会原因外,还有来自于自身的性格、信仰、以及女性意识等的强烈呼吁。     

“子女平分二十周”——论李叔同的“女性观”及成因

李叔同一生与不少女性有过交往，并留下了很大一部分与之相关的诗词作品。从这些作品以及他的实际行为中，我们得以提炼出他的女性观：即对女性命运的同情、对女性才华的称颂和对母亲的依恋。这种女性观贯穿于他出家的前后。而之所以形成这种女性观，则源于当时提倡女权的社会背景和李叔同个人的生活经历。     

Performing tourism: exploring the productive consumption of tourism in enclavic spaces

In this paper the interactive nature of touristic encounters in enclavic spaces is explored. Drawing on concepts of tourism as performative practice, it examines tourist experience as a form of productive consumption in which holidays are shaped by interactions with both those working in tourism and other tourists. The discussion draws on data gathered in semi‐structured interviews carried out with 39 solo female tourists from the UK. The findings of this study suggest that the sexualised performances of tourism employees and of different groups of tourists in the physical, temporal and social contexts of the holiday have the power to render such spaces inclusive or exclusionary. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.     

The System of Rice Intensification (SRI): a challenge for science,and an opportunity for farmer empowerment towards sustainable agriculture

Increasing demand for cereals produced from limited natural resources stimulated the Green Revolution in grain crops like wheat and rice. But the gap between potential and actual production continues. Concerns about sustainability, and the social and technical shortcomings of the Green Revolution, have triggered a number of alternative crop production strategies. One, in particular, the so-called System of Rice Intensification (SRI), is attracting attention by governments, civil society organizations and farmers in Asia and elsewhere.     

Women farmers’ participation in the agricultural research process: implications for agricultural sustainability in Ethiopia

Empowering women farmers to participate in agricultural research is a key strategy for sustainable agricultural development. Women empowerment has the potential to improve their roles in agricultural production while enhancing nutrition and food security. Although new agricultural development policies are focusing on improving women engagement in agriculture, there is limited literature on women empowerment in relation to agricultural research. This study used mixed methods to analyse women farmers’ participation in four stages of the agricultural research process – design, testing, dissemination, monitoring and evaluation. Two hundred and thirty individual interviews with women farmers and 16 focus group discussions with men and women farmers were conducted in four Woredas (districts) of Ethiopia. Quantitative data were analysed using binary and multivariate probit models. Qualitative data were analysed using line-by-line coding. The results showed that several empowerment indicator variables significantly (p?≤?.001) influenced women’s participation in different stages of agricultural research. Specifically, input in production decisions, autonomy in plot management, membership to farmer groups, and ability to speak in public enhanced women’s participation in different stages, in addition to access to information and extension services, education and land size. Cultural norms hindered women’s empowerment and engagement in research. To foster sustainable agriculture development, it’s important to integrate holistic and proactive gender perspectives into research strategies to increase women’s participation in farmer research groups, access information and knowledge, have voice and challenge constraining cultural norms and traditions.     

20年来国内凯瑟琳·安·波特研究综述

凯瑟琳·安·波特是美国南方女性作家的杰出代表。国内对波特小说的研究已有二、三十年时间,主要的研究方向是波特小说中所体现的女性意识、南方意识、宗教观点等。在综述了国内近年来波特研究成果的基础上,探讨了波特小说今后的研究趋势。