Outward foreign direct investment by Polish state-owned multinational enterprises: is ‘stateness’ an asset or a burden?

State-owned enterprises (SOEs) are commonly associated with undue advantages due to preferential treatment by the state. Simultaneously they are often quoted as handicapped given the notorious state interference, management problems and agency tensions. They used to be regarded as a mainly domestic issue but in the context of globalisation and the fact that states enter treaties with new obligations, SOEs’ performance ceased to be solely a domestic problem, increasingly so as state-owned multinational enterprises (SOMNEs) emerge. This article presents the results of research on Polish SOEs’ outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). It offers an overview of overseas activities of nine major Polish firms with a state stake and aims to contribute to the conceptual literature on foreign investments conducted by SOMNEs. We distinguish between FDI by SOMNEs as specific – privileged (facilitated) or discriminated (hampered) – investments subject to the home country’s state power and the host country’s state perception.     

论毛泽东的对外开放思想

毛泽东的思想不是封闭的。早在革命战争时期，毛泽东的对外开放思想就非常明显，主要表现在引进外援方面。建国后，毛泽东的对外开放思想有所发展。本文主要从四个方面探讨毛泽东的对外开放思想。     

广东省对外贸易与经济增长关系的实证研究

以广东省1987～2008年的相关数据,综合运用平稳性检验、协整检验、VAR模型和Granger因果关系检验等计量方法,对广东省对外贸易与经济增长之间的关系进行了实证分析。根据分析得出广东省对外贸易与经济增长之间的定量关系,以期能为政策制定者提供一定的参考依据。     

利用外资并购提升我国国有企业综合竞争力

我国国有企业在改革过程中遇到的种种困难可以利用外资并购来加以解决,但与此同时外资并购又是一把双刃剑,对企业本身和社会产生了双方面的深远影响。文章结合外资并购的背景及趋势,分析外资并购国企带来的影响、对策,以及对提升我国国有企业综合竞争力的重要意义。     

中国对外直接投资动因分析:基于“一带一路”战略的国家样本

随着中国“一带一路”的“走出去”战略的推进,带动了非金融对外直接投资的增加。在“走出去”发展战略中,影响中国对外非金融直接投资的宏观经济体量因素主要有三个：人均GDP、外汇储备余额和对外贸易依存度。以2009-2014年的中国经济季度数据为基础,将对外直接投资作为被解释变量,而将人均GDP、外汇储备（FER）、对外贸易依存度（DFT）作为解释变量,对它们进行相应地回归分析。多元回归模型分析结果表明：中国对外直接投资受人均GDP和对外贸易开放程度的影响显著,而受外汇储备的影响不显著。因此,中国要实现“走出去”扩张战略,应继续保持较高速度的经济增长,以增加中国经济总量;应保持对外贸易出口优势,以进一步提升外贸开放程度,应向境外适度扩散外汇储备,以提升外汇储备使用效率。     

Random walk and efficiency tests in the Asia-Pacific foreign exchange markets: Evidence from the post-Asian currency crisis data

This paper empirically tests the random walk and efficiency hypothesis for 12 Asia-Pacific foreign exchange markets. The hypothesis is tested using individual as well as panel unit root tests and two variance-ratio tests. The study covers the high (daily) and medium (weekly) frequency post-Asian crisis spot exchange rate data from January 1998 to July 2007. The inferential outcomes do not differ substantially between the unit root tests and the variance-ratio tests when using daily data but differ significantly when using weekly data. With the daily data, both types of unit root tests identify unit root components for all the series and two variance-ratio tests provide the evidence of martingale behavior for majority of the exchange rates tested. With the weekly data, panel unit root tests identify unit root component for the exchange rates and, the unit root tests on a single series basis identify unit root component for 10 foreign exchange markets. However, the variance-ratio tests reject the martingale null for the majority of the exchange rates when using weekly data.     

近代中国海外游记研究综述

从上个世纪八十年代以来,随着改革开放和"文化热"的兴起,学界开始重视对近代海外游记,包括海外旅行的研究,从资料整理到论著、论文,面世了很多新成果,再现了近代中国历史变化的另一个侧面,推动了中国近代历史研究的深入.然而,其研究也有不尽如人意的方面,如大多的研究仅仅停留在客观叙述之上,缺少理性分析;资料整理亦不够全面.所以,学界当加强这项课题的研究.     

浅析外贸代理制之存在必然性及其完善

新外贸法的颁布施行,放开了外贸经营的管制,但外贸代理制仍将在我国长期存在。完善外贸代理制,应解决好代理双方权利义务失衡问题,进一步保护委托人的利益。     

加快推进我国对外经济发展方式转变的战略选择

我国经济发展取得了举世瞩目的成就,但是按照现行的经济发展方式很难实现我国经济长期稳定的发展,加快转变对内和对外经济发展方式已经成为我国经济社会领域面临的一场深刻变革。本文认为,要加快推进我国对外经济发展方式的转变,就要构建和实施我国对外经济新的国家发展战略,包括以超比较优势为核心的梯形对外货物贸易发展战略、以比较优势变迁为背景的雁型对外服务贸易发展战略、以超所有权优势为重点的多方位对外直接投资发展战略、以调整结构为主线的质量型引进外国直接投资发展战略、以渐进的人民币国际化为中心的对外金融发展战略、以防范风险为目标的宏观审慎金融监管体系。通过对外贸易、直接投资、对外金融发展战略的相互作用,通过对内和对外经济发展方式转变的相互影响,可以有效地促进我国经济持续发展。     

Does imitation reduce the liability of foreignness? Linking distance,isomorphism, and performance

Research summary : Research demonstrates that foreign firms from institutionally distant countries imitate the practices of domestic firms (i.e., adopt an isomorphism strategy). The conjecture has been that pursuing such a strategy can help foreign firms counteract the deleterious performance consequences associated with institutional distance; yet there is scant evidence of such. This study treats isomorphism as an endogenously selected strategy influenced by institutional distance to examine its performance consequences. Using a dataset of 80 foreign banks from 25 countries operating in the United States, we find that foreign firms from institutionally distant home countries benefit initially from selecting an isomorphism strategy. However, the benefits diminish with experience. Managerial summary : Multinational companies experience great difficulty in managing institutional distance, and research suggests that one way to overcome distance‐related constraints is to imitate the strategies of local companies. Unfortunately, we do not know enough about the performance‐related consequences of engaging in such imitative behavior. This study examines whether imitating local firms improves performance for multinational companies from institutionally distant markets. We find that imitation improves a firm's performance at first; however, with experience those same strategies result in performance decrements. Managers of multinationals should therefore be careful not to get locked into imitative strategies that provide performance benefits upon entry, but that fail to provide benefits over time. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.