区域文化对市场经济环境形成的影响研究

区域文化对市场经济环境的形成具有重要的作用。在深入分析区域文化对市场经济环境形成作用机理的基础上,结合我国区域经济发展实际,从政治文化对政治体制变革的影响,经济文化对经济组织创新的影响,伦理文化对竞争环境建立的影响,以及宗教文化对科学意识培养的影响等四个方面,论述了区域文化对市场经济环境形成的作用路径,说明区域文化对市场环境的形成具有内源性的影响。     

Nutrition,agriculture and the global food system in low and middle income countries

The entire food value chain and diet of low and middle income countries (LMICs) are rapidly shifting. Many of the issues addressed by the nutrition community ignore some of the major underlying shifts in purchases of consumer packaged foods and beverages. At the same time, the drivers of the food system at the farm level might be changing. There is a need for the agriculture and nutrition communities to understand these changes and focus on some of their implications for health. This rapid growth of the retail sector will change the diets of the food insecure as much as that of the food secure across rural and urban LMIC’s. This short commentary contents that current research, programs and policies are ignoring these rapid dynamic shifts.     

Consumer acceptance of irradiated food and information disclosure – A retail imperative

There is substantial contribution in the literature for understanding the complex nature of irradiated foods, the growing importance and the controversial views expended by consumers, yet acceptance of these foods for many have not met with optimal recognition. The study extends the theory of planned behaviour antecedents to analyse independent determinants and the influences of risk and trust. The indirect effects are also examined. The study uses multigroup analyses to identify whether consumer's concerns on information for irradiated foods act as moderators in order to provide a better explanatory power.The data was analysed using Structural Equation Modelling on responses obtained from a sample of 322 consumers. The study found that the theory of planned behaviour antecedents successfully predicted behavioural intention for irradiated foods but with some limitations. The findings also demonstrate additional support to show that the robustness of the TPB framework is effective for irradiated foods and addresses the literature calls on research for more theoretical underpinnings. It further addresses retailer implications, as the ultimate decision falls with retailers who assess whether sales for irradiated foods are acceptable depending on consumer demand.     

Are consumers at the base of the pyramid willing to pay for nutritious foods?

Base of the Pyramid (BoP) consumers living in the urban informal settlements of developing countries spend over 60% of their income on food, yet malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency remain widespread among these populations, pointing to the inadequacy of the foods they consume in terms of quality and quantity. In this paper we examine BoP consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for nutritious multi-composite porridge flour (improved flour) in the informal settlements of East Africa. The analysis is based on experimental data collected from 600 households in the informal settlements of Kampala, Uganda and Nairobi, Kenya (300 in each country) in 2016. We use Tobit regression models to analyse determinants of WTP for the improved porridge flour. Results show that both Kenyan and Ugandan BoP consumers are willing to pay a premium for the improved porridge flour. In addition, providing nutrition information about the flour, characteristics of household head, economic status of the household, and presence of young children between six and 59 months in the household, influence WTP for the safe and nutritious porridge flour. The paper concludes by providing recommendations for enhancing nutrition among poor consumers in the informal settlements of developing countries.     

The role of top management team diversity in shaping the performance of business model innovation: a threshold effect

Business model innovation is one of the firm’s most important strategic decisions. Top management team (TMT), as the critical decision-makers, has essential influence upon such decisions. However, the role of TMT diversity in shaping the performance of business model innovation is less explored in the literature. Based on a sample dataset of 906 observations of small and medium enterprises from China Startups Stock Market during the period of 2009–2011, we find that TMT diversity exhibits a significant threshold effect on the relationship between business model innovation (in terms of novelty-centred and efficiency-centred business model) and firm performance. More specifically, when TMT functional diversity arrives at a certain level, the positive relationship between novelty-centred business model and firm performance becomes more pronounced. On the other hand, the positive relationship between efficiency-centred business model innovation and firm performance will be more significant when TMT tenure diversity increases to a certain level.     

Economization of Society: Functional Differentiation and Economic Stagnation

The explanation of economization and marketization processes is typically approached in the mindset of structural superiority, primacy or hegemony of the economic subsystem over non-economic spheres of social life. However, economic primacy is an underexplored puzzle for social theory from the perspective of functional differentiation theory, which emphasizes equal autonomy of social subsystems. Schimank has paved the way for theorizing economic primacy and economization pressures coherent with functional differentiation. Economization in his theoretical solution is connected to the economy’s governance mechanism—the market which is seen as having a weak order-building capacity. The contribution of this article lies in suggesting an alternative conceptualization of the internal dynamics of the economy—the stagnation tendency for explaining economization pressures as a systematic outcome.     

体育教育在学校素质教育中的特殊作用

素质教育是整体和长远的教育思想,它的提出标志着我国教育的一大进步,社会各界对实施素质教育已达成共识,学校体育教育是素质教育的重要内容之一。     

生态补偿对国家重点生态功能区居民可持续生计的影响——基于“精准扶贫”视角

以陕西省调研数据为研究样本,将生态补偿政策引入英国国际发展部的可持续生计能力分析框架,采用结构方程模型研究了国家重点生态功能区的生态补偿政策对居民可持续生计能力的直接影响效应和间接影响效应.结果表明:生态补偿对可持续生计能力的直接影响效应为0.182;通过物质资本、人力资本、金融资本和自然资本对可持续生计能力的间接影响效应分别为0.059、0.104、0.066、0.053,总的间接效应为0.282;生态补偿对可持续生计能力总的影响效应为0.464.因此,精准的生态补偿政策能够实现以可持续生计能力提升为主要内容的"造血式"扶贫.     

Social Marketing of a Fortified Staple Food at Scale: Generating Demand for Fortified Rice in Brazil

ABSTRACT

This paper describes the social marketing strategy implemented by PATH and GAIN to create a sustainable market for rice fortification in Brazil and develop a replicable model relevant to other geographies. It draws on market research on consumer attitudes and practices, as well as key demand and consumer metrics before and after execution of the social marketing campaign in Brazil. This marketing endeavor succeeded in establishing the viability of introducing fortified rice in a country through a purely market-based approach. Whereas social marketing is vital to the introduction and scale-up of fortified staple foods through commercial markets, it is not sufficient to achieve meaningful scale and sustainability. Engagement from the public and social sectors, clear governance, and other factors are critical to substantial and long-term impact. Lessons from this first attempt to introduce a fortified staple food through a market-based approach are relevant to similar initiatives elsewhere.     

基于价值工程的企业竞争优势构建

动态复杂的环境下,应当树立什么样的经营理念,采取何种经营机制、何种管理技术获取竞争优势,实现可持续发展,益已成为企业面临的迫切课题。与其同时,价值工程(简称VE)作为现代思想方法和管理技术,应用领域不断扩充,出现了不少以企业管理为研究对象的优秀成果。在此背景下,本文把价值工程运用于企业竞争优势构造,从竞争优势的四个层面展开,试图构造一个以功能为导向的竞争优势构造模式。