Emerging managerial competencies of professionals in the Tanzanian construction industry

The managerial competencies required by professionals in the construction industry in Tanzania to operate effectively in a business environment which is changing as a result of a transition from a socialist to a free-enterprise economy, economic liberalization, globalization and regionalization are explored through a qualitative study. The study reveals that local Tanzanian construction firms are finding it difficult to compete with foreign companies for projects. This is mainly because Tanzanian professionals lack the competencies required to compete and manage projects in a liberalized market economy.

The study thus highlights the need for Tanzanian construction professionals to acquire a better grasp of both occupational and organizational competencies. In this respect, it is suggested that they need post-experience training in order to acquire the competencies required to function successfully in a commercial environment.     

Challenges in the Portuguese textile and clothing industry: a fight for survival

The Portuguese textile and clothing industry thrived after 1960, when Portugal joined the European Free Trade Association, and it has been an important industry in Portugal in terms of value added, employment, and exports. Nevertheless, the industry has experienced significant challenges with the final integration of the apparel and textile industry into GATT on 1 January 2005, as well as the admission of relatively low-wage Bulgaria and Romania into the European Union in 2007. This paper describes recent trends in the industry between 1995 and 2016, including a substantial decrease in output after 2005 and recovery in recent years. In addition, a translog cost function is used to examine the existence of economies of scale, the relationships among inputs, and the effects of the 2005 GATT entry on the industry’s costs. The findings include strong evidence of economies of scale, consistent with the many small and mid-sized enterprises in the Portuguese textile and clothing industry. The results are also consistent with capital and labour being complementary inputs, while other input pairs are substitutes. The entry into GATT may have had a negative impact on cost, though the evidence for that effect is weak.     

The global faces of China’s incomplete reforms: a perspective from China’s new intellectual property regime

ABSTRACT

The paper probes into an antithetical aspect of China’s economic reforms in the global context by focusing on the recent developments of China’s intellectual property regime. By analyzing this cutting-edge legal system, it highlights China’s political divergence against its economic convergence in its decade-long reforms, in particular, its state-oriented innovation system as against the world’s neo-liberal economic order. The last decade witnessed China’s preeminent transformation from a passive follower to a proactive advocator of IP standards. However, certain entrenched limits characterizing China’s state-oriented economy and cultural systems such as information blockade and coercive technology transfer serve as catalysts that are apt to provoke acrimonious confrontation between China and major economies. In this sense, China’s incomplete reforms have taken on a new form: as China’s influence on the global economy grows, conflicts of diverse national priorities become more palpable than simple-minded economic cooperation.     

MIT全球工业联盟促进全球化产学研合作

美国麻省理工学院（MIT）的全球工业联盟（ILP）是美国高校第一个建立和开展全球产学研合作的平台,ILP实行会员注册制服务。本文结合研究MIT的产学研合作机制,综合分析MIT全球工业联盟的合作资源与服务,特别是其在中国的整体战略和最新进展。建议积极引导中国领先创新企业加盟MIT全球工业联盟,拓宽国际产学研合作渠道,深化科研领域的务实合作,实现互利共赢。     

经济全球化、中国收入分配与“人口红利陷阱”

文章从经济全球化影响中国收入分配的各个层面入手,通过数理推导和实证分析探讨了贸易全球化、生产与投资的全球化、金融深化、科技进步、教育水平等对中国国内收入分配的影响。结果发现,贸易全球化短期内会加剧中国的收入差距,原因可归结为人口红利陷阱,但长期内将有助于缩小中国的收入差距;生产与投资的全球化也会扩大收入差距,而金融发展与深化对中国收入分配差距的影响最大;技术进步、受教育程度提高和劳动力由低阶部门向高阶部门的转移则能在一定程度上缓解收入差距过大。     

贸易全球化与转轨国家贸易安全研究

经济全球化和贸易自由化是当今世界经济发展的主流,转轨国家在积极融入经济全球化的进程中面临着国家经济安全的挑战。本文通过分析经济化与转轨国家经济安全的相关性及其影响,试图找出产生消极影响的症结所在,更好地提升国家的整体经济实力。     

提升企业网站翻译质量的几点建议

基于目前中国企业网站翻译质量不理想的现状。或可从创建可供全球化的中文网站、控制网站翻译质量、网站更新与翻译同步三方面进行改进,也就是说可以从这几方面入手：精简网页内容、以图表和链接代替文字、确定恰当的语言风格、细化翻译规范、确立试译和校审的规范工作流程等,以提升企业网站翻译质量的建议。     

全球化战略决策中高管团队的国际化角色:国外市场进入模式

海外扩张的模式是决策制定者协商的结果,高管团队(TMT)在此类型的决策过程中起到了重要的作用。通过整合市场准入模式理论与高层梯队理论,并结合组织国际化相关的因素后发现,TMT跨国经验和TMT国籍多样性在组织国际化战略决策中充当着不同的,甚至是相反的角色。在分析了100多个公司近7年的数据后,得出TMT跨国经验与全面控制型市场进入模式正相关、TMT国籍多样性与合作控制式市场进入模式正相关两个重要结果。因此,跨国经验能够通过出国实践获得,但这种经验在某种程度上受到自身国籍影响。人力资源管理实践旨在通过外派出国来获得国际经验的方式,还要认识到拥有这种经历的人不能替代高管团队中所有的外国国籍的人。