公共物品偏好显示机制综述

由于公共物品具有较强的外部性,不同消费者支付不同的价格可获得相同数量的公共物品,消费者的"理想行为"是隐瞒自己的真实偏好,企图做免费搭车者。设计良好的机制有利于公共物品偏好的真实显示,从而实现公共物品的有效供给,在对前人研究思想脉络进行梳理、对研究成果进行总结的基础上提出自己的观点。     

中美贸易差额的真实利益分析与评估

近年来,随着中美贸易规模的不断扩大,中方贸易顺差也日益扩大。这种贸易顺差是否是有效率的、贸易差额的真实利益是否被作为贸易顺差国的中国所占有是两个值得关注的问题。文章从埃奇沃斯盒型图和效用函数两个理论模型入手对这个问题进行了研究,说明了近几年中美贸易结构是低效率,不经济的,贸易差额的真实利益没有被中国所占有。这种现象的根源在于美国长期以来实施的严格的对华高技术产品出口管制,并根据这种情况给出政策建议。     

Discounting models for outcomes over continuous time

Events that occur over a period of time can be described either as sequences of outcomes at discrete times or as functions of outcomes in an interval of time. This paper presents discounting models for events of the latter type. Conditions on preferences are shown to be satisfied if and only if the preferences are represented by a function that is an integral of a discounting function times a scale defined on outcomes at instants of time.     

基于EPC物联网的奢侈品防伪流程优化研究

介绍了EPC物联网的基本概念,基于EPC物联网在奢侈品防伪上的应用,提出了基于EPC物联网的奢侈品防伪系统构架及层次组成,针对防伪系统可能遇到的安全问题,提出了相应的防范措施。     

出行者日活动计划与决策的优化模型

以出行者一日内进行的活动和由此产生的出行为研究对象,首先确定了活动和出行的效用函数形式,并利用实际调查数据估计了二者的效用函数,然后根据北京市居民出行调查数据估计了出行时间关于各自解释变量的线性回归函数,据此阐述了出行者的活动与出行总效用最大化的约束条件,最后通过具体算例求解最优化问题,推导出具有最大效用的日活动计划与出行决策之间的关系。     

中国工业制成品出口价格贸易条件变化的影响因素

中国经济增长主要得益于对外贸易的福利,但贸易条件是否出现恶化呢?文章利用相关指数计算了2002年～2010年中国整体和部分行业的贸易条件,发现中国出口产品的价格贸易条件呈现先下降再逐步上升的态势,机电产品的表现更加明显;研究了价格贸易条件变化的影响因素,提出了改善中国贸易条件的对策。     

薪酬激励的效用递减问题探析

本文主要从薪酬激励的概念和目的着手,分析了传统的薪酬激励的弊端,以及传统的薪酬激励中出现的边际效用的现象,从而初步解释了存在这种边际效用的原因,初步提出了一些解决这种现象的渠道。     

Optimal portfolio delegation when parties have different coefficients of risk aversion

We consider the problem of delegated portfolio management when the involved parties are risk-averse. The agent invests the principal's money in the financial market, and in return he receives a compensation which depends on the value that he generates over some period of time. We use a dual approach to explicitly solve the agent's problem analytically and subsequently we use this solution to solve the principal's problem numerically. The interaction between the principal's and the agent's risk aversion and the optimal compensation scheme is studied and, for example, in the case of the more risk averse agent according to common folklore the principal should optimally choose a fee schedule such that the agent's derived risk aversion decreases. We illustrate that this is not always the case.     

Utility valuation of multi-name credit derivatives and application to CDOs

We study the impact of risk-aversion on the valuation of credit derivatives. Using the technology of utility-indifference pricing in intensity-based models of default risk, we analyse resulting yield spreads in multi-name credit derivatives, particularly CDOs. We study first the idealized problem with constant intensities where solutions are essentially explicit. We also give the large portfolio asymptotics for this problem. We then analyse the case where the firms have stochastic default intensities driven by a common factor, which can be viewed as another extreme from the independent case. This involves the numerical solution of a system of reaction-diffusion PDEs. We observe that the nonlinearity of the utility-indifference valuation mechanism enhances the effective correlation between the times of the credit events of the various firms leading to non-trivial senior tranche spreads, as often seen from market data.     

国外基本医疗保险体系中的商业参与——兼论公共物品供给

本文从国际经验借鉴的角度,根据基本医疗保险体系中的商业参与程度,选取了瑞士、澳大利亚和日本三个国家,对其基本医疗保险体系的特点和商业参与方式进行了阐述和总结。商业参与基本医疗保险这一公共物品的供给,是社会经济发展的必然,也是政府与市场的共同选择。当前,我国需要处理好政府部门与商保机构的衔接和职能分工,以提高基金运行效率、并维护参保者的合法权益。