语言与国际关系:拓展政治分析的新视角

语言在国际关系中发挥着重要作用。把语言学引入国际关系研究,为人们深入理解和说明世界政治提供了不同的视角。这一跨学科努力的学术意义和价值,除了有赖于语言视角在经验层面提供更多具有解释力的实证分析之外,还需要人们从理念上对语言视角给予适当的讨论和说明。在纷争繁杂的中外哲学传统里,至少有三种重要的语言观可以作为语言视角的哲学根基。它们是中国先秦时期的语言哲学、20世纪西方语言哲学以及马克思主义语言观。语言视角提出并强调了一组包括话语、文本、互为文本、语境、话语分析在内的基本概念,它们是从事话语政治研究的基本要素。语言视角还从本体论、认识论、方法论以及价值论方面,提出词语与世界政治之间密切联系的基本观点。从哲学基础、基本概念和学术观点方面探讨语言视角,旨在为国际关系学科的话语政治研究搭建一个基本分析框架,从理念上说明把语言学引入国际关系这一跨学科努力的学术价值和意义。     

The young generations’ conceptualisation of cultural tourism: colonial heritage attractions in South Korea

This study investigates how the younger generation conceptualise cultural tourism attractions associated with modern history in contemporary South Korea. Particular attention in this study is given to heritage attractions built in the Japanese colonising past. By analysing data obtained through a Multiple Sorting Procedure, this study identifies the underlying facets of heritage attractions the younger generation consider to be important when appreciating the heritage attractions. This study examines the socio-psychological properties and meanings that the heritage attractions communicate with respect to young Koreans’ sense of national identity. This study found that a range of constructs emerged in understanding heritage attractions. Social and political meanings embedded in the heritage attractions become a key determinant in appreciating heritage attractions with respect to a sense of national identity. These findings from South Korea suggest invaluable messages that can inform our understanding of, and planning regenerating negative-natured heritage attractions for tourism in contemporary society.     

Place branding performances in tourist local food shops

This article adopts a performative approach to analysing encounters between tourists, retailers, objects, architectures, detailing the communication devices inherent in bringing “to life” a thematic selection of a place’s multiple identities to promote tourism. It draws on integrated interpretations of performative approaches, illustrating them relative to the place branding enacted at local food & wine shops to address tourists visiting Verucchio, Italy. The study contributes to the literature on tourism by proposing the concept of performative place branding, enabling a more creative, hybrid, and open-ended consideration of the relationship between tourist places and place branding. This contrasts with the “top-down” logic employed in previous studies and policies for promoting tourist destinations.     

A life cycle model of industrial heritage development

The milieus of industrial complexes and their potential reuse for tourism have gained prominence worldwide. This paper proposes a life cycle model of industrial heritage development, consisting of territorialization, deterritorialization, and reterritorialization to illustrate the intricate interplay of identity, landscape and socio-spatial changes in the LX Factory in Lisbon, Portugal. In the stage of territorialization, postindustrial sites are identified as an important heritage source. Deterritorialization denotes the stage in which forces of tourism infuse new meanings into these sites. Reterritorialization indicates a burgeoning phenomenon of repurposing the industrial landscape for the use of creative industries and consequently generating a different territorial identity.     

Heritage site management: from dark tourism to transformative service experience?

This paper investigates the managerial perspectives of dark heritage sites and considers how visitors can benefit from and ideally be transformed by the overall experience. Initially the paper provides a review of dark tourism literature and considers the relevance of the servicescape concept for this context. An in-depth case-based method was used to investigate site managers’ perspectives and key issues related to visitor's experience and engagement. Heritage sites no longer want to be seen as dark places and are striving to become sites of sensitive heritage where the focus is on visitor and social engagement. The contribution of this study to services theory is in its illumination of the integrative role of socially symbolic dimensions for heritage sites. The role of the servicescape is central to the co-creation of individual, personal socially symbolic experiences and to the longer-term societal mission of social change and global citizenships.     

UK press and tourist discourses of Iran: a study in multiple realities

The aim of this article is to investigate the competing discourses of Iran currently circulating in British society, and their influence on the tourist destination image of that country. A mixed-methods approach was adopted within a social constructionist perspective: this consisted of a Foucauldian discourse analysis of news reports in a range of British broadsheet newspapers, interviews with tourists who had visited Iran, and analysis of travel blogs written by a second group of tourists who had also previously visited the country. The findings show that the leading British broadsheets examined exclusively circulate an extremely negative discourse of Iran-as-Polity, originating in US and mediated by the British political field, whose main components are nuclear issues, danger, hostility and terrorism. Though UK tourists to the country are often drawn there initially by a largely Orientalist discourse of Iran-as-Persia, i.e. as a site of historical monuments, during and post visit, they develop a counter-discourse of Iran-as-Society which concentrates on the modernity of certain aspects of the country and above all the hospitality of its citizens, a discourse which is then further disseminated in the form of travel blogs. The article also mobilises Bourdieu’s concept of academic capital to examine the role of education in providing resources to resist the discourse of Iran-as-Polity. In its range of sources analysed, the article offers a relatively novel approach to investigating the role of media discourse and the internet – the latter framed using Foucault’s ‘genealogical’ approach – in the formation of competing tourist destination images of Iran.     

公共能量场视阈下微博问政路径分析

文章借鉴福克斯和米勒的话语理论，比较分析了公共能量场和微博的同质性，并指出公共能量场视阈下政府通过微博实现公众对话，达成政策意愿的路径要求，尝试提出了微博问政路径建构的政策建议，对推进社会主义民主政治和科学执政具有一定现实意义。     

The invention of the Barcelona Gothic Quarter

The Barcelona Gothic Quarter was re-constructed in the twentieth century. Although theoretically historic monuments refer back to past epochs, in many cases they were produced recently. In Barcelona, medieval buildings were restored in a gothic style, while other historic buildings and facades were moved stone-by-stone into the area and ordinary residential houses were removed and replaced by seemingly historic buildings. As a result, the new Gothic Quarter seems to be a space which is completely medieval but was actually re-built between 1927 and 1970. This re-creation was meant both as an example of the invention of tradition in the context of Catalan nationalism and as a way to promote the city through spectacular historic monuments, irrespective of whether they were materially authentic. In this context, this article focuses on the second phase of this process, in the commoditisation of heritage alongside city marketing, stressing the relationship between the touristic promotion and the production of urban space. It also examines the principal reconstructions in the neighbourhood and how this process of changing a residential area into a space for tourist consumption were the first signs of gentrification in Barcelona.     

传媒在体育非物质文化遗产保护中的作用研究

媒体在体育非物质文化遗产保护中起到关键作用,特别是提高公众保护非物质文化遗产意识、塑造国家形象方面发挥了积极的作用,媒体对体育非物质文化遗产的传播实际上是对体育文化的传承和传播,是对体育文化多元化的有力补充。但媒体对体育非物质文化遗产的关注,由于媒体性质和追求经济利益等因素将会导致公众对体育非物质文化遗产保护认识、分析、评价能力的下降与偏颇、过度开发非物质文化遗产区域等不良影响。