人民币升值对我国出口贸易结构的影响——基于企业性质和贸易方式的VAR模型研究

人民币升值在多个维度对我国的出口贸易产生了重要的影响。以往的文献集中于研究人民币升值对出口总量和不同商品出口结构的影响,忽视了从贸易结构分析人民币升值对私营企业出口占比和加工贸易出口占比的影响。利用2005--2008年间月度数据进行VAR模型分析,结果表明：人民币升值在短期内会减少私营企业出口占比,但在长期内却能提高私营企业出口占比;同时,在短期内人民币升值会增加加工贸易出口占比,然而在长期内却会减少加工贸易出口占比。     

国有企业员工参与公司治理问题研究

本文分析了国有企业员工参与公司治理的理论依据,比较评价了世界各国员工参与公司治理的方式和途径,在此基础上,构建了我国国有企业员工参与公司治理的模式,即职工持股下的员工共决制。     

基于异质性特征的新生代农民工培训研究

正确把握新生代农民工群体的异质性特征是提升其培训效果的前提。当前新生代农民工培训中存在的问题,既包括整个农民工群体培训的一般性问题,还包括新生代农民工群体培训的特殊性问题。新生代农民工培训的特殊性问题,源于将所有农民工看作一个同质的群体,集中表现为培训的针对性不足。本文论述了新生代农民工的异质性特征,并在此基础上分析了这一群体培训存在的特殊性问题,提出了具有针对性的差异化培训管理方略。     

论转基因农产品国际贸易与我国发展战略

全球生物技术产业正在蓬勃发展,各国政府都把推广生物技术、发展生物技术作为提高本国经济竞争力的重要手段,转基因农产品国际贸易是一个前沿领域,能否在这个领域取得主动,关系到整个生物产业的发展问题,采取全新的贸易战略和措施已刻不容缓,本文试图在这方面有所探讨。     

International Trade and Environmental Regulation: Time Series Evidence and Cross Section Test

This paper examines empiricallywhether more stringent domestic environmental policiesreduce the international competitiveness ofenvironmentally sensitive goods (ESGs). Our timeseries evidence indicates that there are no systematicchanges in trade patterns of ESGs in the last threedecades, despite the introduction of more stringentenvironmental regulations in most of the developedcountries in the 1970s and 1980s. This observedphenomenon is then subjected to a multi-countryeconometric test using an extended gravity-equationframework. The test suggests that, overall, morestringent environmental regulations do not reducetotal exports, exports of ESGs and exports ofnon-resource-based ESGs. Neither was there anyevidence to support the hypothesis that new tradebarriers emerge to offset the effects of morestringent environmental regulations.     

Gender,Decent Work,and Global Production Sharing in Indonesian Manufacturing

Abstract:

Global commodity chains reflect and affect gendered labor markets. This article uses the Decent Work framework from the International Labour Organization to analyze employment outcomes for Indonesian workers in manufacturing. This research investigates trends in feminized manufacturing sectors in variously sized firms. Regression analyses is used to evaluate how firm characteristics related to global production sharing effect decent work outcomes for women and men, as well as female share of employment itself. The results suggest that exports and FDI affect men and women differently and that feminization and decent work outcomes depend on how the sector is positioned along the global value chain.     

The death of development theory: From Friedrich von Hayek to the Washington consensus

Abstract

Development strategies followed by many countries in the 20th century bestowed a relevant role to the State. During the 1970s, it all reversed, and free markets became paramount to efficiency. F. von Hayek and the Mount Pelerin Society led the way to eliminate the State as a significant economic player, while P.T. Bauer extended such ideas to development economics, which would eventually give way to the Washington Consensus. Beyond actual results of such policies, it is surprising to see the appeal of Bauer’s theoretical approach, considering that it is constructed disregarding both empirical evidence, as well as the abundant discussion on development that was taking place contemporarily. This article explores the theoretical process of such reversal in development economics theory.     

Factors in the Development of Trade Credit: Case Study of Provinces in China

Using Chinese province-level panel data for 2001-9, we investigate significant factors for the development of financial intermediation via trade credit in developing economies. First, we confirm that a competitive market environment, a well-functioning legal system, and greater bank loans for non-state-sector firms promote the development of trade credit in China. Conversely, corruption hinders its development. Second, we find that proper functioning of the legal system and bank lending to non-state-sector firms are highly likely to be the causes of the complex relationships between these determinants. Finally, we observe that an increase in the number of lawyers effectively improves the quality and function of the legal system, which, in turn, alleviates the harmful influence of corruption on trade credit development.     

中美汽车产业内贸易实证分析

产业内贸易水平越来越成为一国对外贸易竞争力及产业国际竞争力的一项重要指标。近年来,尽管中美汽车贸易发展迅速,但产业内贸易水平却较低。根据联合国商品贸易数据库数据,估算中美汽车产业内贸易指数,考察中美汽车产业内贸易的发展程度,剖析中美汽车产业内贸易的特征。研究得出:中国的产业内贸易总额超过产业间贸易,但产业内贸易水平仍低于美国;中美汽车产业内贸易产品的平均出口单价较低,平均进口单价较高,中国政府应引导汽车企业增大技术投入、引进国际领先技术、加强技术创新与产品研发。     

会计对称理论:会计准则制定的优化路径

会计对称理论应作为会计准则制定的重要原则。会计对称理论作为中立性的可实现途径,能在理论上解决中立性和准则制定经济后果之间的矛盾。将会计对称理论纳入会计信息质量框架中,可简化会计准则规范方法、优化会计准则内容、提升会计信息质量,同时对会计、审计、统计等实务工作产生积极影响。