Whether to Abolish or Introduce Dual Regulation as Trade and Environmental Policy?

China, which has already introduced an environmental tax in an effort to decarbonize, has recently begun emissions trading and is using two environmental policies in tandem, but there are concerns about the impact on growth and trade. Trade and environmental policies affect firms' entry and exit, resulting in changes in aggregate productivity and pollution emissions. This study compares the impacts of single regulation and dual regulation on welfare, using a research-and-development based growth model with heterogeneous firms. Under single regulation, the cleansing effect of trade liberalization could be undermined. Under dual regulation, trade liberalization decreases pollution and improves average productivity whereas decreasing total permits reduces pollution. From the perspective of improving welfare it is desirable to choose dual regulation because trade liberalization can reduce total pollution emissions via the cleansing effect of trade liberalization.     

Managing Bubbles in Experimental Asset Markets with Monetary Policy

We study the effect of a “leaning against the wind” monetary policy on asset price bubbles in a learning-to-forecast experiment, where prices are driven by the expectations of market participants. We find that a strong interest rate response is successful in preventing or deflating large price bubbles, while a weak response is not. Giving information about the interest rate changes and communicating the goal of the policy increases coordination of expectations and has a stabilizing effect. When the steady-state fundamental price is unknown and the interest rate rule is based on a proxy instead, the policy is less effective.     

工业智能化对社会经济发展影响的研究趋势

作为第四次工业革命的核心,工业智能化将对社会生产产生颠覆性影响。在全球经济形势不断收紧的当下,世界主要国家不断加大智能生产设备研发投入,旨在通过智能革命实现经济新一轮跃升。对于发展中的中国而言,加速推动工业智能化改造是快速实现经济发展高质量转型,抢占经济发展先机,实现经济赶超的重要途径。在综合梳理工业智能化相关研究文献的基础上,从工业智能化引致的生产效率、劳动就业、收入分配以及产业结构变动出发,系统梳理工业智能化相关研究综述,在此基础上总结当前工业智能化相关研究的不足,并进一步分析该领域可拓展的研究方向。     

我国劳动分配比例的变动趋势与影响因素——基于中国省级面板数据的分析

本文分析了我国劳动分配比例的变动趋势与影响因素,并运用1996-2006年省级面板数据估计了一个计量模型,估计结果表明,我国劳动分配比例下降的根本原因是二元经济条件下的巨大就业压力、不断提高的劳均资本和人力资本、工会在保护劳动者权益方面的缺位.该结果对不同的模型设置和样本选择具有很强的稳健性.进一步的研究还发现就业压力和劳均资本对劳动分配比例的负面影响在低发展水平组更大.     

论公共产品理论与劳动价值论的耦合及其意义

传统劳动价值论对商品范围的界定存在局限。如果把所有能够满足人们需要的用来交换的劳动成果,不管是有形的还是无形的都视为商品,商品就包括私人商品和公共商品(产品)两大类,基于这一认识,实现公共商品(产品)理论与劳动价值论的耦合,不仅有助于丰富、完善劳动价值论,使之经济解释力增强,而且有助于丰富、完善公共产品理论,使之真正成为财政学的理论基础。     

身份“差序格局”对劳务派遣员工的工作投入影响研究

随着劳务派遣制的普遍使用,企业中正式员工与劳务派遣员工身份"差序格局"的矛盾逐渐凸显出来,对劳务派遣员工的工作投入造成了重要影响。本文从个体和组织两个层面探索了劳务派遣员工工作投入的影响因素,在此基础上分析了身份"差序格局"对劳务派遣员工工作投入的影响机理,并针对劳务派遣员工的实际情况提出了构建其高工作投入机制的应对策略。     

劳动报酬占比变动的产业结构调整效应分析

劳动者报酬GDP占比下滑是中国劳动收入增长背景下的客观事实。在农村剩余劳动供给相对充裕条件下,劳动报酬占比变化反映了产业结构变迁中的劳动边际产出效率变化。二元经济下的工业化及三次产业结构调整和升级过程中,资本替代劳动是劳动报酬产业内效应变化的主要原因,边际生产率决定的劳动工资引导劳动要素从劳动报酬较高的农业部门向非农业部门转移是劳动报酬占比产业间效应下降的原因。随人口自然增长率下降,劳动力绝对供给能力面临下降,农村剩余劳动力相对供给能力减弱,劳动供给曲线左移将替代劳动边际生产率对劳动报酬的决定,直接提升产业间劳动力转移成本并带动产业内劳动力报酬提升。     

基于Web服务的异构数据库信息互用系统

异构数据库的集成是数据库界的一个研究热点,根据异构数据库的功能需求自行研制了1个异构数据库信息互用系统。该系统采用以Web服务组件为中心的3层分布式体系结构,Web服务组件完成全局查询语句的分解、翻译等工作,将Web服务引入本系统大大提高了系统的可管理性、可伸缩性和可维护性。     

制度、人力资本与乡村劳动力迁移

本文构建制度框架下政府与乡村迁移者博弈模型说明政府政策选择机制形成与迁移者决策过程。在不同经济发展阶段,经济发展目标决定迁移者迁移策略,城市发展能否从迁移中获得利益决定政府对迁移的管制程度,农业发展能否为迁移提供支持决定迁移者的迁移决策。迁移者的人力资本水平是影响政府策略与迁移者策略选择的关键因素。改善乡村劳动力人力资本积累条件有助于加速迁移进程,减少城市劳动力市场对迁移者的歧视,提高城市化质量。     

Female participation in African labor markets: The role of information and communication technologies

This article investigates the effects of information and communication technologies (ICT) on female labor force participation in a sample of 48 African countries. We specify and estimate linear regression and dynamic panel data models with fixed effects (FE) and system-generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) estimation over the period 2001–2017. The three main results are that ICT use (mobile phone and internet) significantly stimulates female labor force participation in Africa; this effect is enhanced by financial development and female education; the effect of ICT on female employment in Africa is strongest in the industrial sector. These results remain robust to the provision of social, cultural, and institutional variables.