Structure Plan Policies for Retail Provision in Rural Areas: A Case Study of South West England

Occupations as diverse as nursing, journalism and marketing have strengthened their claim to professional status and current research suggests that professional associations played a critical part in the process of professionalisation. Following a review of three conceptual approaches to understanding contemporary professionalisation strategies, this paper examines the case of British tourism. It traces the historical development and assesses the current practice of the two main professional associations in the sector. The analysis shows that the ‘professionalisation project’ has largely failed and argues that contemporary frameworks for understanding professionalisation strategies are somewhat deficient when applied to tourism.     

我国农产品地理标志法律保护探析

农产品地理标志是发展农业经济,促进农业可持续发展的一项重要资源。虽然我国现在已经初步建立了农产品地理标志法律保护体系,但双重保护模式、保护观念与措施缺失、农户和企业质量意识淡薄等问题严重制约了农产品地理标志的保护。目前,必须在澄清对地理标志及其相关概念的各种模糊或不准确认识的基础上,制定地理标志法,从法律法规层面引导地理标志行业协会建设,完善对农产品地理标志的法律保护。     

我国行业协会在外贸争端中的作用及发展对策

由于行业代表性不强、结构性失衡、定位不明确、专业化水平低等原因,导致我国行业协会在化解外贸争端方面发挥失利。在应对外贸争端时,行业协会应通过积极参与外贸预警、开展对外公关、组织企业应诉等事前、事中、事后行动成为应对贸易摩擦的主要力量;通过搜集不公平贸易信息,代表行业利益积极开展贸易救济申诉,实行技术性贸易措施,成为对外贸易救济中的主要力量。最后提出健全相关法律法规,深化改革、去除行政色彩,全力打造专业化、职业化、年轻化的人才队伍等发展对策。     

Industry associations and non-competitive behaviour in Australian wool marketing: Evidence from the Melbourne Woolbrokers' Association, 1890–1939

From the 1890s the sale of Australian wool was organised through a series of regionally based associations of wool selling brokers and wool buyers. They engaged in cartel-type behaviour by price fixing and exclusive dealing. We ask the question whether the wool selling brokers exploited their monopoly power to thefull in setting fees and charges paid by the growers and buyers. Association records provide data on the pricing structure and rationale for changes. We surmise that the existence of the cartel lifted prices above competitive levels. However, the pricing behaviour was moderated to a strong form of limit pricing.     

Identity, intended image, construed image, and gnreputation: An interdisciplinary framework and suggested terminology

Many scholars across various academic disciplines are investigating the following questions: What do individuals know or believe about an organization? How does a focal organization (and/or other interested entity) develop, use, and/or change this information? and How do individuals respond to what they know or believe about an organization? Cross-disciplinary research that centers on these questions is desirable and could be enhanced if researchers identify and develop consistent terminology for framing these questions. The authors work toward that end by identifying four central ‘viewpoints’ of an organization and proposing labels to represent each of these viewpoints:identity, intended image, construed image, andreputation.     

Some History of the Debate on Educational Policy of Accountants in Australia

The Australian professional accounting bodies developed their present educational policies during the period prior to 1964 when two major reports were issued. This paper traces the development of those educational policies, but particularly the crystallization of the philosophy underlying the decision of the Australian Society of Accountants to adopt degree level entry in 1965. The Institute of Chartered Accountants followed suit some years later. This signalled the end of the traditional system of part-time technical training associated with work experience, and established full degree-level education as a pre-requisite for professional accountants.     

业主委员会制度绩效影响因素分析

业主自主治理组织——业主委员会(HOAs)治理绩效出现差异的原因是一个重要的研究问题。对此采用强迫进入多元回归模型对同一地方的调查数据进行分析。结果发现:6个自变量共可以解释因变量78.30%的变异量;"小区规模"与业主委员会制度绩效成弱负相关关系,即小区规模越大,业主委员会制度绩效则越低,这种影响并不明显;一般社会资本对业主委员会制度绩效变异量的解释并不明显;"特殊社会资本"对业主委员会制度绩效的影响最大,其贡献系数0.678。     

新形势下高校创新型学生社团建设与创新人才培养

在我国高等学校面对教育新形势的背景下,学生社团的建设与管理要求人们做好教育和引导工作。创新型社团的建设应该因势利导,解决当前面临的问题,与指导教师加强联系,共同制定明确的建设和管理目标,建立合理的管理模式,并创建具有特色的活动与品牌文化。在人才培养方面,应为学生提供更多受教育和实践锻炼的机会,开展学术性交流和培训活动,以培养具有专业素养的创新型人才。     

协会标准化研究初探

文章通过对协会标准的介绍,分析了行业协会开展标准化工作的优势,梳理了我国协会标准化工作的基本现状,对我国协会标准的发展提出了若干建议。