三类餐馆顾客体验实证研究

不同定位的餐馆带给顾客不同的体验,了解这种感知上的差异对于提高餐饮业的管理水平具有重要意义.论文调研了豪华餐馆、大众餐馆和快餐店中的顾客体验,研究证实在不同种类的餐馆,菜肴质量、服务环境和员工服务对顾客的情感体验和社会体验具有不同的影响,并且顾客在三类餐馆的就餐目的也有很大差异.     

Problem-focused or Emotion-focused: Which Coping Strategy has a Better Effect on Perceived Career Barriers and Choice Goals?

According to social cognitive career theory, barriers have an impact on an individual's career progress. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationships between perceived career barriers (internal barriers, external barriers) and choice goals, and the moderating effect of coping strategies on the relationships. Data were collected from 309 tourism and hospitality college students in Taiwan. A structural equation modeling analysis showed that both internal and external barriers had direct negative effects on choice goals. However, internal and external barriers had a direct positive effect on coping strategies, and indirectly, through the coping strategies, had a positive effect on choice goals. Furthermore, problem-focused coping strategies could moderate the relationship between internal/external barriers and choice goals. The implications of these findings are discussed and suggestions are provided.     

Households transport-home energy conservation strategies in response to energy price policies: A stated adaptation experiment based on portfolio choices and cross effects designs

This article explores consumer investment choice in long-term energy conservation technology and assesses trade-offs in energy saving behaviour between the housing and transportation domains. The long-term energy conservation choice problem is conceptualized as a portfolio choice problem. Consequently, to measure trade-offs between investments in housing and transport options, a cross effects choice design is developed in which respondents were shown one or more alternate ways to reduce their current energy consumption: (1) investing in new technology in the house, such as solar panels; (2) exchanging the current car for a more energy efficient car; (3) buying a new energy-efficient car, such as EV or solar car; (4) moving house to reduce current travel distances. To help respondents linking these options to their current energy consumption, a new Web-based survey system (SINA) to implement and administer stated adaptation experiments was developed. The system was used to collect two sets of data. First, data about out-of-home and in-home energy consumption, together with detailed time use data, was collected. Second, using a cross effects design, respondents were asked to select a portfolio of energy-saving strategies in response to different energy pricing policy scenarios. Results reported in this paper are based on 572 respondents who completed the survey and responded to seven adaptation questions based on their current energy expenditures. A random parameters logit model is estimated to predict the probability of choosing a particular portfolio of energy-saving options. Estimation results indicate that individuals from different socio-demographic groups exhibit varied preferences. The saving option characteristics, especially cost related characteristics have significant effects on individuals' preferences. Moreover, the results also showed significant effects of choice set composition on energy saving options. Further, the energy pricing policies had showed mixed effects on individual's preferences.     

Utilizing environmental information and pricing strategies to reduce externalities of tourism: the case of invasive species in the Galapagos

The increase in demand for nature-based tourism brings economic and educational benefits but risks the introduction of invasive species. Increasing the length of tourist trips can better balance these benefits and risks by maintaining revenues while reducing the number of unique contacts with tourists. Changing the relative prices of trips can induce tourists to take longer trips. We hypothesized that providing information about the negative externalities of tourism could improve the effectiveness of such pricing strategies.

We administered one of two discrete choice surveys to tourists considering a trip to the Galapagos. One of the surveys described the Galapagos as a fragile ecosystem susceptible to invasive species; the second described it as a standard nature-based destination. For each sample, we estimated the probability of the tourist choosing a short versus long trip, given the tourist's personal information and trip options presented to him. We then simulated the demand for trips using three pricing strategies. We found that providing information on invasive species significantly increased the efficacy of strategic pricing. We propose using a two-prong approach to tourism management: educate potential tourists about the islands’ vulnerabilities, and simultaneously increase the per-day cost of short trips relative to that of longer trips.     

Assessing recreation carrying capacity of the environment attributes based on visitors’ willingness to pay

Recreation carrying capacity (RCC) is one of the most important indictors used in measuring the usage limits for the forest park resources. However, the consensus has not been reached with respect to the RCC’s content and its measuring metrics. In this paper, we attempt to establish a new RCC theoretical framework based on the demand theory of the tourism product characteristics. In the process, the choice experiment and orthogonal design methods are used in questionnaire designs and the conditional Logit model is used for parameter estimates. More than 700 park visitors are surveyed for data collection at the Shenyang National Forest park of Liaoning province in China. The primary park attributes being considered encompass vegetation, coverage, water quality, number of rubbish on the park trail path, admission fees, and congestion. The carrying capacity threshold for each specific attribute is identified.     

Effect of watermarks as visual cues for guiding consumer choice: An experiment with restaurant menus

Priming can influence preferences. In this experiment, we extend this idea by using watermark visual primes. On a restaurant menu cart, primes related to the sea, countryside (or no prime) were used with alone diners in a restaurant. The results show that, compared to the control no-prime condition, primes related to the sea significantly increased the consumption of fish dishes whereas primes related to the countryside did not significantly increase the consumption of meat dishes.     

乡村旅游偏好差异测量研究:基于离散选择模型

消费者偏好分析是进行产品开发、市场营销的基础,本文运用离散选择模型中的Multinomial logit(MNL)模型,分析旅游消费者在产品选择过程中,其个人特征及行为特征对某类旅游产品偏好的影响。通过大连乡村旅游消费者产品选择行为的实证研究,表明乡村旅游消费者对不同类别产品的偏好,会随着消费者个人特征和行为特征的不同而发生变化。MNL模型能较为合理地解释乡村旅游者个人特征和行为特征与乡村旅游产品选择偏好之间的关系。     

现金股利对会计信息的治理

会计只能提供相对相关和可靠的信息,在控制逆向选择和道德风险方面作用有限,形成了会计目标实现的障碍,这迫使投资者不得不去寻找其他信息渠道,以期更有效地决策。现金股利就是投资者寻找的信息渠道之一,它和会计信息在提高信息的相关性、可靠性以及控制逆向选择和道德风险方面共同发挥作用,并形成竞争态势,这种竞争态势实质上起到了对会计信息的治理作用。     

湖北省产业结构的演变、效益性分析及优化

从国内生产总值(GDP)的角度，对20多年来全国及湖北省产业结构的历史演化轨迹进行统计分析，就湖北省产业结构演变的过程、特点及变动的效益性进行了分析，进而提出了湖北省产业结构优化、调整的对策。     

产业集群的识别界定——集群度

产业集群的界定识别是研究产业集群其它相关内容的基础。已有的产业集群识别方法用来辨认产业集群存在与否及其内部的产业联系存在很大的缺陷,如研究结果比较模糊、统计口径和分类标准不统一,使其结果不很理想。文章在对已有研究的述评基础上,提出了产业集群界定识别的集群度识别的二步法,即先是产业聚集程度,其次在产业聚集程度基础上集群度的衡量。据此,并以浙江的产业集群实例作为佐证。