非正式制度视角下的集群企业信誉机制

产业集群中的企业信誉是保证产业集群有序运作的前提,要保证企业间高效的合作就必须有强有力的制度保障。与科层组织的信誉机制不同,产业集群中企业间的信任和合作主要是依靠非正式制度。文章从关系性嵌入、专用性投资,以及联合制裁三个方面对此问题进行了阐释。文章的结论是,产业集群中特有的信誉机制是导致产业集群竞争优势的一个重要原因。     

农业产业化经营中利益相关者关系、目标选择与实现方式

本文指出,农业产业化经营的利益相关者是农业价值创造和价值实现的重要影响因素,正确处理好利益相关者关系,有利于保障和提升农业利益,有利于农业价值创造与农业价值实现,这包括农户与龙头企业、政府、中介组织、合作经济组织以及龙头企业与协会之间的关系。农业产业化经营要以产业运作过程商品化、利益分配合理化等方式,实现农业价值创造最大化和农业价值分配最优化的农业产业化目标。     

我国电子信息产业国际竞争力现状评析

随着信息化时代的来临,信息产业已经成为国民经济中的关键产业和战略产业,一国信息产业国际竞争力将对该国综合国际竞争力有举足轻重的影响,本文借鉴了其他学者的基本评价体系,就我国电子信息产业的国际竞争力现状及成因进行了整体上的初步分析。     

External cooperation and entrepreneurial orientation in industrial clusters

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between external cooperation and entrepreneurial orientation (EO). This relationship is explored in cluster environment, wherein entrepreneurial organizations compete and cooperate simultaneously to pursue opportunities. The following hypothesis is tested: External cooperation is positively correlated with entrepreneurial orientation. The hypothesis is tested with a correlation analysis on a sample of 77 small-sized enterprises operating in the Malopolska region in Poland, wherein several clusters are active. Additionally, the regression analysis is conducted to examine the associations between inter-organizational cooperation and EO dimensions. The findings confirm that external cooperation is positively correlated with EO. This observation is confronted with a pro-competitive approach that is a constitutional element of the entrepreneurship concept. Moreover, the findings show that the correlation between external cooperation and a firm’s performance is stronger than between some other EO dimensions and performance. Additionally, the findings show the important role of relationships between organizations and their clients. In the paper, several remarks for development of the theory are discussed, including the need for incorporating inter-organizational cooperation into a set of entrepreneurial traits and reflecting it in entrepreneurial orientation scales. The findings confirm the importance of that direction of theory development that focuses on inter-organizational collaboration in the context of entrepreneurship.     

因地制宜发展区域物流

分析了发展区域物流对地区经济发展和城市功能提升的意义，同时指出了目前我国区域物流发展中存在的问题和不足。在了解发展区域物流的意义和了解不足的基础上，提出了因地制宜，发展区域物流的对策。     

中原城市群城市化水平与创新能力协调发展研究

经济全球化和区域经济一体化背景下,区域竞争与技术创新日益聚焦于大中城市,创新是城市的灵魂,并引导城市的发展;同时,城市作为创新的"神经中枢",只有区域城市化水平达到一定的层次,相应的创新才会产生.二者的关系在于城市通过物质和能量的输入对创新起塑造作用,而创新则通过物质与能量的输出,对城市具有反作用.城市与创新的相互作用,具体表现为以时空为参照系、城市化水平与创新能力相互作用的界面特征.基于上述理论,运用相关分析、熵权分析和层次分析等方法,对中原城市群9个省辖市的城市化水平和创新能力状况作了综合评价,并在综合和分组两个层面对二者协调关系进行了定量分析.     

河南省工业发展水平及竞争力分析

工业作为国民经济的主导,在区域经济发展中占有重要地位.纵观河南省工业发展历程,显示出自2002年来,河南省工业开始出现快速发展的趋势;同时,虽然河南省工业发展具有一定的基础,近年来装备制造业也开始出现上升态势,但与其他省市相比,整体竞争力还比较弱,主要以资源密集型和劳动密集型为主,高新技术产业发展缓慢,创新能力弱,亟需产业结构的升级换代.     

The Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism Needs Better Categories: Clearing up the Confusions that Result from Blurring Analytic and Lay Concepts

Synopsis It has been difficult to make progress in the study of ethnicity and nationalism because of the multiple confusions of analytic and lay terms, and the sheer lack of terminological standardization (often even within the same article). This makes a conceptual cleaning-up unavoidable, and it is especially salutary to attempt it now that more economists are becoming interested in the effects of identity on behavior, so that they may begin with the best conceptual tools possible. My approach to these questions has been informed by anthropological and evolutionary-psychological questions. I will focus primarily on the terms ‘ethnic group’, ‘nation’, and ‘nationalism’, and I will make the following points: (1) so-called ‘ethnic groups’ are collections of people with a common cultural identity, plus an ideology of membership by descent and normative endogamy; (2) the ‘group’ in ‘ethnic group’ is a misleading misnomer—these are not ‘groups’ but categories, so I propose to call them ‘ethnies’; (3) ‘nationalism’ mostly refers to the recent ideology that ethnies—cultural communities with a self-conscious ideology of self-sufficient reproduction—be made politically sovereign; (4) it is very confusing to use ‘nationalism’ also to stand for ‘loyalty to a multi-ethnic state’ because this is the exact opposite; (5) a ‘nation’ truly exists only in a politician’s imagination, so analysts should not pretend that establishing whether something ‘really’ is or is not ‘a nation’ matters; (6) a big analytic cost is paid every time an ‘ethnie’ is called a ‘nation’ because this mobilizes the intuition that nationalism is indispensable to ethnic organization (not true), which thereby confuses the very historical process—namely, the recent historical emergence of nationalism—that must be explained; (7) another analytical cost is paid when scholars pretend that ethnicity is a form of kinship—it is not.     

生态产业与三峡库区经济环境可持续发展

三峡库区经济落后，生态脆弱，在库区新农村建设过程中，必须考虑到资源、环境与经济的协调关系。在实地调研的基础上，本文建议：应设计特色生态工业园区，以主题概念招商引资，通过园区的生态设计为企业创造生态产业链，为生态工业的建立和发展提供平台，引导工业可持续发展；以经济株方式经营库周绿化带，发展农业旅游，促进产业间良性循环；建立生态农业循环体系，创建绿色产品基地；结合退耕还株，采用株药问种、株果问种等方式使生态建设与经济发展相互促进；垃圾资源化处理，实行垃圾无害化处理与农业有机肥联动机制。     

西部经济和生态环境互动模式:产业互动视角的分析

西部地区生态环境的脆弱性决定了西部地区在工业化过程中不能走"先污染、后治理"的发展模式,而应该强化经济与生态环境的互动发展.产业互动是经济与生态环境互动发展的重要组成部分,产业互动的思路是按循环经济的理念推进产业结构优化,依据比较优势原则发展西部特色产业作为依托点,以建立生态工业园作为产业互动的新载体.