贫困山区农户茶叶生产技术效率及影响因素研究

基于湖北省382份茶叶种植户调研数据,采用随机前沿生产函数模型“一步估计”法分析贫困山区农户茶叶生产技术效率和影响因素。研究结果表明:样本户茶叶种植存在较大改进空间;样本户资本和劳动力投入剩余;茶园的海拔、树龄、茶农是否加入合作社、种植面积、户主是否受过种茶培训等因素对农户茶叶生产技术效率有重要影响。因此,提出紧抓乡村振兴战略机遇,推动贫困山区茶产业高质量发展;建立茶产业“三项补贴”,改善茶园基础设施条件;优化茶叶种植布局,提高合作社服务水平;成立茶产业发展基金,加快培育职业茶农,以提高贫困山区农户茶叶生产技术效率。     

民族地区的矿产资源开发利用

民族地区的矿产资源开发多是当地经济的支柱产业,民族地区一般矿产资源丰富,但矿产资源开发利用的水平相对较低,资源优势没能很好地转化为经济优势。国家应在政策上对民族地区开发利用矿产资源予以扶持,加大民族地区矿产勘查投入,搞好先进技术和管理经验的输入,促进民族地区的矿产资源整合。     

经济发达地区土地资源利用战略的几点思考

研究目的:提出经济发达地区土地资源利用战略的几点思考,为保障区域土地资源安全和经济社会持续、健康发展提供政策建议。研究方法:实证调研法。研究结果:(1)经济发达地区面临着世界范围的产业转型与转移的重大机遇,也面临着发展用地紧缺的挑战,应从产业选择着手,尽可能降低土地资源的高成本投入。同时,强化优化发展,寻求新的发展模式;(2)经济发达地区优质耕地剧减,加强对现有优质耕地的保护成为土地利用战略抉择的重要方向;(3)为保障土地生态安全,建议利用生态指标进行土地资源宏观调控,以此提高建设用地利用效率和控制区域建设用地总量;(4)改革土地管理的体制、机制以及财税制度,构建地方政府保护耕地、高效利用建设用地的长效机制。研究结论:优化产业结构、提高土地利用效率、加大优质耕地保护力度、促进土地生态建设、加快土地管理体制机制改革是未来经济发达地区土地资源利用的战略重点。     

中国粮食跨区域交易的动因研究

粮食跨区域交易是促进粮食主产区与粮食主销区间粮食贸易往来,保障国家粮食安全、推动粮食生产专业化,提高粮食生产效率的重要手段。为促进区域间粮食跨区域交易,主要分析粮食跨区域交易的动力因素。通过分析,认为粮食生产与消费的特殊性、经济动因、政治动因、国情因素、资源禀赋等是粮食跨区域交易的主要动因。     

浅谈土地登记信息系统建设研究

完善各项土地登记制度、规范土地登记行为、统一土地登记标准和管理平台,实现省、市、县(市、区)土地登记信息互联互通,为社会提供土地登记信息公开产品和服务。     

重点国有林区旅游目的地建设关键要素分析

基于根据重点国有林区2010—2017年旅游相关数据,运用灰色关联技术分析旅游资源质量、基础设施条件、资源投入、当地经济发展状况和社区参与这5个因素对重点国有林区旅游目的地建设的影响。研究结果表明:不同林区之间旅游产业规模和带来的经济效益具有较大差异;基础设施条件和资源投入因素对各林区旅游目的地建设正向影响显著;旅游资源质量因素的影响较小;影响不同林区旅游目的地建设的关键要素差异较大。最后,提出提升目的地设施服务和资源投入质量;拓宽社区参与渠道;加快引进科技与文创人才等建议。     

Bioeconomic analysis of protected area use in fisheries management*

Protected areas in fishery management have been suggested to hedge management failures and variation in harvests. In this paper, a stochastic bioeconomic model of a two-species fishery in the Manning Bioregion is used to test the performance of protected areas as a management tool in a fishery. The establishment of a protected area is analysed under the assumption of heterogenous environments that are linked via density-dependent or sink-source stock dispersal relationships. The sensitivity of the results to different degrees of management is also explored. The model is applied to the Ocean Prawn Trawl, and Ocean Trap and Line fisheries within Manning Bioregion in New South Wales, Australia. The focus of the study is placed on the biological and institutional characteristics that yield benefits to the fishery. It was found that protected area use in the Manning Bioregion is likely to have differing effects on the two fisheries examined, benefiting Ocean Trap and Line fishers but adversely affecting Ocean Prawn Trawl fishers. Overall, it is unlikely that protected area use will lead to an increase resource rent in the fishery.     

众包模式在中国家具制造企业的应用探索——基于英国MADE的案例解析

首先,对英国MADE的商业模式进行解析,MADE本质上是一种双重网络众包,MADE扮演了中介机构和发包方的双重角色。其次,将MADE商业模式与中国家具制造企业的运作模式进行对比,MADE的优越性主要体现在精准把握、呈现消费需求,较强的资源整合能力和创新效率,弱化品牌对产品溢价的影响,取消中间环节;局限性体现在目标顾客群体的限制和较长的等待周期。借鉴MADE模式,中国家具制造企业可以尝试有效运用大众智慧来提升企业创新能力,重新定义企业的竞争优势。众包模式在中国有广阔的发展前景,同时给中国的家具制造企业带来严峻的挑战。中国家具制造企业应理性对待众包的出现,可以将改良型的众包作为商业体系的有益补充。中小家具制造企业可以尝试用威客形式提高企业创新能力;大型家具制造企业可以借助网络平台进行初级、中级、高级阶段的改良型众包尝试。     

Financing the sustainable management of Rwanda's protected areas

Rwanda's Nyungwe National Park is a biodiversity hotspot with the most endemic species in the ecoregion and the highest number of threatened species internationally. Nyungwe supplies critical ecosystem services to the Rwandan population including water provisioning and tourism services. Tourism in the Park has strong potential for financing enhanced visitor experiences and the sustainable management of the Park. This paper explores quantitatively the economic impacts of adjustment in Park visitation fees and tourism demand as a source of revenues to improve Park tourism opportunities and ongoing operations and maintenance. The methods developed in this paper are novel in integrating the results of stated preference techniques with a regional computable general equilibrium modelling approach to capture multisectoral, direct, indirect and induced impacts. Such methods have strong potential for assessing revenue generation alternatives in other contexts where park managers are faced with the need to generate additional revenue for sustainable park management while facing diminishing budget allocations. Results of this analysis demonstrate that adjustment of Park fees has a relatively small impact on the regional economy and well-being when compared with a strategy aimed at generating increased tourism demand through investment in improving the visitor experience at Nyungwe National Park.     

Applying the counseling-learning approach to a tourism-related massive open online course

ABSTRACT

This study discusses how to apply counseling-learning (CL) principles to a particular e-learning solution for teaching a tourism-related subject via a massive open online course (MOOC). Several effective caring patterns in achieving learning-related goals and being part of a community according to the CL principles are presented and discussed using the MOOC “eTourism: Communication Perspectives” as a case study. The study underlines how the MOOC platform can act as a place for contents enjoinment and active learning. Moreover, the active role of social media for increasing the engagement of learners in the proposed activities and for developing a sense of the community is identified. In particular, Facebook and Twitter can act as places for community building and informal social interactions among learners that last beyond the completion of the course, which in turn can be a valid aid for continuing the relationships among instructors/learners and learners/learners, and for reaching new ones.