国防工业军民融合制度变迁的绩效及对策研究

制度变迁是推进国防工业军民融合深度发展的重要内容。将国防科技工业的制度变迁分为经营制度变迁、产权制度变迁和管制制度变迁三类,并分别考察了不同类型的制度变迁对国防科技工业军民融合发展绩效的影响。实证结果表明各个制度因素对于国防军工企业经济绩效的影响效果是不同的,军民一体多元化发展代表的经营制度变迁、非国有资本注入代表的产权制度变迁对军工企业绩效产生了正向影响;技术因素或者技术变迁对国防军工企业经济绩效的影响为正,但并不显著。最后,根据实证的结果从国防科技工业改革、军工企业资本化运作、公平竞争的政策环境以及完善军民融合法律体系等四个方面提出了推进国防科技工业军民融合深度发展的对策和建议。     

政府掠夺、内部人合谋与公司治理——兼论中小投资者保护

通过建立一个综合考虑法律、股权结构、大股东监督、经理人激励和证券监管、政府掠夺在内的分析大股东和经理人合谋侵权的委托—代理模型,运用标准逆向归纳法分析不同法律环境保护下利益相关者之间的利益关系。结果显示,法律对中小投资者保护至关重要;在中等或弱法律保护下,应提高证券监管和执法效率;在强法律保护下,证券监管效率对公司价值没有影响,政府管制应该逐渐淡出证券市场。不管法律保护水平如何,都应该坚持改善政府治理水平,提高政府运行效率,减少对企业的掠夺,从而达到提高公司价值和保护中小投资者权益的目的。     

中国机构投资者羊群行为实证分析

羊群行为作为机构投资者有限理性行为,对证券市场的健康发展产生着重要影响。在国外证券市场上机构投资者存在显著的羊群行为,而中国证券市场上的机构投资者是否也存在羊群行为呢?笔者对我国机构投资者———投资基金在股票交易中的羊群效应行为进行了系统研究,发现羊群行为在投资基金之间表现显著。     

How geographic,cultural, and institutional distances shape location choices of China’s OFDI in tourism? – an empirical study on B&R countries

This paper examines how bilateral distances shape Chinese enterprises' outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in tourism in Belt and Road (B&R) countries. The results indicate that while geographic distance is not a key factor explaining the location choice of Chinese tourism OFDI in B&R countries, cultural distance hinders this location choice in a linear and monotonic way. Chinese enterprises prefer B&R countries with a short institutional distance from China for OFDI in tourism to avoid the “outsider disadvantage”. Moreover, market scale is found to be a moderating factor influencing the impacts of various distances on tourism OFDI location choice.     

Loan managers’ decisions and trust in entrepreneurs in different institutional contexts

Loan managers’ trust in entrepreneurs can be a useful tool for overcoming entrepreneurial firms’ opaqueness. Nevertheless, the possibility for loan managers to leverage trust can be affected by differences in the regulative institutions within the banks (type of bank) and by place-bound normative institutions (social context). By relying on semi-structured interviews and a survey of 450 bank-entrepreneur relationships, this study finds that a positive impact of trust in lending relationships is sensitive to different place-bound normative institutions and to the regulative institutions within the banks. The results are robust with respect to potential endogeneity issues.     

Sovereign wealth funds,productivity and people: The impact of Norwegian Government Pension Fund‐Global investments in the United Kingdom

Sovereign wealth funds have an increasing presence in the global financial ecosystem, principally through their investments in equities, which, in turn, may influence HRM. This study examines the influence of the world's largest sovereign wealth fund, the Norwegian Government Pension Fund‐Global (NGPF‐G), on employment in its U.K. investee firms. We find that firms with NGPF‐G investment are significantly less likely to reduce their demand for labour, more specifically in the immediate aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. When a drop in the demand for labour does occur, it is less extreme when compared to similar organisations without a NGPF‐G shareholding, and this is evident even in the case of relatively small NGPF‐G investments. These findings are in line with the fund's objective of promoting corporate sustainability and Norwegian values. We draw out the key implications of our findings for HR practice.     

国有企业民营化的环境影响研究

十九大提出要深化国有企业改革,加快发展混合所有制经济。基于2007—2015年我国A股上市公司数据,从企业环境表现的视角研究国有企业进行民营化改革的非经济性后果。研究发现,国有企业民营化后,企业的环境表现会有所下降,但这种现象只在政府环保补贴少的企业和环境监管力度弱的地区中存在。上述研究从环境表现的视角提供了国有企业民营化改革后果的经验证据,对丰富国有企业民营化改革的认识、更好地完善民营化企业的环境治理具有借鉴意义。     

所有权结构、股权激励与非效率投资——基于京津冀上市公司数据的分析

以京津冀上市公司2006—2015年的数据为样本,实证分析所有权结构、股权激励对非效率投资的影响。研究发现,在样本公司里,股权激励机制的实施频率并不高,但股权激励的实施对非效率投资的发生确实起到了约束效果。代表所有权结构的股权集中度、机构投资者持股占比和管理层持股比例三个因素,虽然各自对非效率投资起到的作用不尽相同,但整体来看,有效合理的比例分配有助于改善上市公司非效率投资问题。另外,所有权结构中不同身份的股东对公司股权激励实施与否的影响也有所不同,其中管理层更支持该激励机制的实施     

Environmental supply chain management in the construction sector: theoretical underpinnings

Environmental implications of a product/project are typically spread across its supply chain, from design through to end-of-life. This is particularly acute for construction sector because of the inherent nature and complexity of its supply chain. The sector, therefore, could benefit from the application of environmental supply chain management (ESCM), a systematic and integrated approach towards restraining the adverse environmental impacts emanating from the supply chain. Unfortunately, uptake of ESCM in construction vis-à-vis other sectors is limited and fragmented. This formed the motivation, which using 39 interviews across 20 firms in the UAE construction sector, provide systemic insights on the various facets of ESCM namely, core and facilitating environmental practices, internal and external drivers (pressures/motives) and barriers/challenges affecting environmental practices’ implementation, and relevant environmental performance measures across different firm types and stakeholders with the support of several established/emerging theories. The findings is expected to enhance the application of ESCM in construction.     

Asymmetric impact of oil prices,exchange rate,and inflation on tourism demand in Pakistan: new evidence from nonlinear ARDL

This study scrutinized the asymmetric impact of oil prices, exchange rate, and inflation on tourism demand in Pakistan using [Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014) Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework. In Festschrift in honor of peter schmidt (pp. 281–314). New York, NY: Springer] nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model. The NARDL bounds test examined the existence of cointegration in study variables, including CO₂ emissions, institutional quality, oil prices, exchange rate, inflation, and tourism demand. The evidence proposes that disregarding the intrinsic nonlinearities may misinform inference. The estimated NARDL model affirmed long-run negative and significant effect of CO₂ emissions on tourism demand, while institutional quality was positively associated with tourism demand. Furthermore, the findings of the study also suggested long-run asymmetric relationship between oil prices, exchange rate, inflation, and tourism demand.