Technology elasticity and potential on energy saving and emission reduction: evidence from China

This article investigates the elasticity of different technology choices to energy efficiency and chemical oxygen demand/ammonia nitrogen emission reducing efficiency among 38 industries in China from 2008 to 2011. With data envelopment analysis, total-factor productivity growth, the common measure of technical progress, is divided into different parts: technical efficiency relative to the frontier, technology change and scale efficiency, which are regarded as three different choices of technological progress. For various industries, technology elasticity is quite different and the importance of different technical choices is diverse in the improvement of efficiency on energy saving and emission reduction. Policymakers could focus on the elasticity of different technical progress choices in various industries to improve energy and emission reduction efficiency.     

衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地水土保持生态经济型治理模式

以衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地为例,通过总结前人的研究成果和采集湖南环境生物职业技术学院生态研究所紫色土生态实验站部分收集整理和试验数据,从全局性、紧迫性、高效性、层次性、可持续性、创新性与多样性的角度提出了在衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地的急坡地、陡坡地、缓陡坡地其水土保持生态经济型植被恢复模式分别采用三种典型模式,即灌草模式、乔灌草模式与林果模式,以期促进该区域的生态、经济与社会的全面协调与可持续发展。     

DRAMs, fiber and energy compared with three models of market penetration

When a new technology is introduced in the market, this technology generally follows an S-shaped curve, especially if measured on a relative (market share) basis. Marchetti and Nakicenovic and Norton and Bass have modeled the multivariant case of various technologies introduced at different times. A new, simple and flexible model has been proposed based on potential penetration. Potential penetration is penetration on the assumption that no other new technology will enter the market. In a stable competitive environment, potential penetration curves are typically positively sloped S-curves. The new model gives a good fit in markets with a limited number of competitors, which are capable of totally cannibalizing previous generations of technologies. It also fits well with markets with many competitors in a competitive equilibrium situation. Examples are the Dynamic Random Access Memory chips (DRAMs), fiber and energy market. The new model features fewer variables compared with existing models and can readily be adapted to technological processes with time varying parameters, which is particularly important in volatile competitive markets.     

促进新能源汽车发展的财税政策研究——以上市汽车企业为例

面对环境与能源对汽车产业发展的双重约束,新能源汽车发展己成为当前和今后较长时期内政府、企业、消费者及其他组织机构重点关注的难点与热点问题.基于汽车上市公司相关财务数据,通过对企业税负、政府补贴程度和企业研发费用及其对汽车上市企业净利润的影响分析,不难发现未来时期中国在科学合理引导和激励企业发展新能源汽车的过程中,财税政策干预领域的税收制度设计与政府补贴至关重要.     

Does economic growth and energy consumption drive environmental degradation in China’s 31 provinces? New evidence from a spatial econometric perspective

The panel data analysis points to economic and social factors contributing to NO_x, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, and VOCs in China’s 31 provinces. The spatial correlation analysis using Global and Local Moran’s I values indicates the existence of a significant and positive spatial autocorrelation with respect to environment, economy and energy, and the high spatial correlation is evident in the eastern region, covering the northern part of Yangtze River Delta, Huaihai Economic Zone, and the lower reaches of the Yellow River Economic Belt. The empirical estimation is performed through spatial lag and spatial Durbin models. All emitted air pollutants in 31 provinces have significant spatial dependence and strong spillover effects. There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between emitted air pollutants (NO_x, PM₁₀, VOCs, and PM_2.5) and per capita GDP, which follows the EKC hypothesis. The relationship between SO₂ and per capita GDP does not follow the EKC hypothesis. There is a positive relationship between pollutant emissions and coal consumption, which is consistent with current studies for various countries like Canada, Denmark, UK and US and regions like New York State. However, the effects of science and technology investment on air pollutants are mostly positive, which is not as policy expected.     

四川地区村镇住宅的节能经济性思考

针对四川地区灾后重建的契机,以及四川省节能住宅建设的相关政策规定,探讨在生态节能住宅修建前期,要注重节能住宅成本效益分析,保证节能住宅价值实现途径中的价值链条通畅,以及从传统民居中吸取节能住宅规划、构造、材料等方面的宝贵经验,因地制宜,防止伪生态住宅的产生,保证四川地区村镇住宅的节能经济性。     

2009年新加坡科技发展的政策调整与措施

新加坡面对金融危机和甲型流感（H1N1）的袭扰,及时调整应对政策和措施,本文介绍并探讨了新加坡加大科技投入,加强科技人才和企业人才的培养,利用高科技手段及时研制出防治甲流的防护用品、快速检测设备等举措,以上政策和措施对我国科技发展具有借鉴意义。     

能源供给、能源消费与经济增长的关系——基于1978—2008年山西省数据的实证分析

本文利用1978—2008年山西省的GDP、能源供给、能源消费的数据,对山西省经济增长和能源供求之间的关系进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:山西省能源消费总量、能源供给总量均对GDP具有显著的单向Granger因果关系,山西省能源消费和能源供给一起构成了山西省经济增长的单向推动引擎;能源消费总量、能源生产总量与GDP之间存在长期协整关系。最后,提出了发展山西省能源经济及探索循环经济模式的政策建议。     

我国建筑节能现状分析

通过对我国建筑节能现状分析,研究我国目前在建筑节能方面存在的主要问题,提出建筑节能的可行性途径。     

黄河中上游能源化工区产业结构的演进特征及机理

采用产业经济学、计量经济学、统计学和GIS中的相关方法和技术,定量评价黄河中上游能源化工区产业结构演进的特征。刻画黄河中上游产业结构演进的总体特征,运用偏离—份额分析法分析三次产业及其内部结构演进的数量特征,利用产业相似系数等产业结构指标计算分析制造业内部结构的动态演进特征,并结合区位商和产业比重探究区域经济快速发展的内在机制。最后,归纳出黄河中上游能源化工区产业结构演进的主要驱动力是资源禀赋优势、市场需求拉动和政府政策引导,并针对性地提出"优化第二产业结构,保证第一产业发展,重点扶持第三产业"的对策。