基于政策工具视角的新能源汽车发展政策研究

政府通过科学设计和选择政策工具,对新能源汽车发展具有重要意义。对2001年以来我国政府发布的新能源汽车发展政策进行分析,从基本政策工具维度和产业价值链维度分析促进新能源汽车发展的政策特点,优化新能源汽车发展应从政策环境、政策工具等方面加大制度的制定与实施力度。     

Environmental regulation: choice of instruments under imperfect compliance

Compliance is an important issue in environmental regulation. We discuss some of the key elements of the problem and analyze a situation where emissions are not random and firms are risk-neutral. We study the firm’s decision on emissions and compliance when the environmental regulation is based on standards and the enforcement agency audits the firm with a certain probability. We compare total emissions when environmental regulation is based on different instruments: standards, taxes, and tradable permits. We show that when compliance is an issue, environmental taxes are superior to the other instruments, and we analyze the (static) efficiency of the solution. This paper originated from the AEE/REE presidential address for the XXX Simposio de Análisis Económico (Murcia 2005). It builds on the research project on optimal enforcement in environmental problems done in collaboration with David Pérez-Castrillo. I would like to thank David Pérez-Castrillo and Pau Olivella for their useful comments. I gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (BEC2003-01132) and the Generalitat de Catalunya (Barcelona Economics - CREA and 2005SGR-00836).     

国内外节能减排政策研究综述

伴随着经济持续快速增长,我国的能源与环境问题也日渐突出。当前,节能减排已成为保持我国社会经济可持续发展的必然选择。本论文从市场手段和行政手段两个方面,综述国内外已经开展的节能减排政策研究,并在此基础上指出利用CGE模型开展节能减排政策研究具有广阔的应用前景。     

关于高校教学仪器设备维修管理工作的探讨

如何改进高校教学仪器设备维修管理工作的体制与机制,以提高仪器设备管理的综合效率,是当前高校仪器设备维修管理工作的重要问题。文章就仪器设备管理工程中维修计划、后勤保障、维修组织等问题进行探讨,以寻求高校仪器设备维修管理工作的有效方法。     

A regularization approach to the many instruments problem

This paper focuses on the estimation of a finite dimensional parameter in a linear model where the number of instruments is very large or infinite. In order to improve the small sample properties of standard instrumental variable (IV) estimators, we propose three modified IV estimators based on three different ways of inverting the covariance matrix of the instruments. These inverses involve a regularization or smoothing parameter. It should be stressed that no restriction on the number of instruments is needed and that all the instruments are used in the estimation. We show that the three estimators are asymptotically normal and attain the semiparametric efficiency bound. Higher-order analysis of the MSE reveals that the bias of the modified estimators does not depend on the number of instruments. Finally, we suggest a data-driven method for selecting the regularization parameter. Interestingly, our regularization techniques lead to a consistent nonparametric estimation of the optimal instrument.     

中小企业融资探索——基于金融创新角度

中小企业是国民经济中一支重要的力量。融资难的问题一直是制约我国中小企业发展的障碍。解决这个问题需要从社会经济各个方面着手。从金融创新的角度出发,分析中小企业的资源、信用和风险状况,得出融资难的深层原因。根据金融创新的原理,针对不同类型的中小企业,分别设计了创新的金融工具,来拓展融资渠道。     

Are financial derivatives related to intra-entities' tax aggressiveness? UK evidence

This study investigates the effect of hedged versus nonhedged financial derivative instruments on the intra-entities' tax aggressiveness. Our findings provide evidence that multinational enterprises manage derivatives instruments to avoid their tax expenses aggressively. Specifically, nonhedged derivatives are an excellent determinant of the tax aggressiveness practices of corporate groups. Besides, this study speaks to the central role of governance quality in mitigating this aspect of tax aggressiveness and provides practical guidance to tax authorities and regulators for establishing new policies for governing financial derivative instruments and preventing tax aggressiveness from negatively affecting firms and society.     

新金融工具准则对私募股权投资企业财务管理的影响探析

2017年财政部为了适应新时期经济发展的需要,规范企业金融工具的会计处理,全面提高其会计信息的质量,陆续发布了《企业会计准则》第22、23、24和37号文件。论文对比了新旧金融工具准则的区别,根据私募股权投资企业的特点,分析其对私募股权投资企业财务管理的影响,并对新金融工具会计准则应用于私募股权投资企业财务管理提出建议。     

我国测量仪器领域重大制造装备发展研究

测量仪器是制造质量的重要保证，制约着重大制造装备的高质量发展，国家应重点扶持测量仪器的自主创新，使我国的测量仪器产业由“以买代造”向“自造不买”的方向转变。本文分析了测量仪器国内外发展水平的差距及产生差距的深层原因，找出国内弱项。在此基础上，提出发展建议，以期为提升我国重大制造装备整体水平、推动制造业高质量发展提供参考。