浅谈现代数控技术的发展趋势

数控技术是当今先进制造技术的核心技术。本文重点分析了当今数控技术发展的趋势,国内外数控技术的发展概况以及数控技术在机械制造业中的战略意义,强调了发展数控技术的重要性。     

基于支架式教学法的《仪器制造工艺学》课程建设与实践

支架式教学模式是一种建立在建构主义理论基础上的教学方法,它适用于学习实践性强和综合性较强的知识和技能。结合仪器制造工艺学课程的教学特点和教学内容,尝试将支架式教学模式合理应用于《仪器制造工艺学》课程的教学中,并详细论述了从支架的搭建、布置、任务完成到总结与评价的全过程,探讨了支架式教学模式应用时应注意的问题。     

An intelligent service matching method for mechanical equipment condition monitoring using the fibre Bragg grating sensor network

Due to the advantages of being able to function under harsh environmental conditions and serving as a distributed condition information source in a networked monitoring system, the fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensor network has attracted considerable attention for equipment online condition monitoring. To provide an overall conditional view of the mechanical equipment operation, a networked service-oriented condition monitoring framework based on FBG sensing is proposed, together with an intelligent matching method for supporting monitoring service management. In the novel framework, three classes of progressive service matching approaches, including service-chain knowledge database service matching, multi-objective constrained service matching and workflow-driven human-interactive service matching, are developed and integrated with an enhanced particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm as well as a workflow-driven mechanism. Moreover, the manufacturing domain ontology, FBG sensor network structure and monitoring object are considered to facilitate the automatic matching of condition monitoring services to overcome the limitations of traditional service processing methods. The experimental results demonstrate that FBG monitoring services can be selected intelligently, and the developed condition monitoring system can be re-built rapidly as new equipment joins the framework. The effectiveness of the service matching method is also verified by implementing a prototype system together with its performance analysis.     

关于外贸代理制若干问题的探讨

由于我国外贸代理制本身所具有的特点,再加上有关法律、法规不完善、不明确等方面的原因,外贸代理实务中产生了诸多法律问题,文中就这方面的问题作出了一些探讨。     

制造型企业电子商务与供应链物流研究

电子商务的出现引领了世界经济领域的一场变革,而供应链物流作为一种新的物流实现模式,已成为现代物流业发展的一个新趋势。文章在研究电子商务和供应链物流的理论基础上,着重研究了电子商务和供应链物流在制造型企业中的运用与发展,以及在两者互相作用下构建的企业物流系统模式。     

突发事件下决定供应链敏捷力的关键要素研究

突发事件引起供应链中断或失效而造成商品断供或滞销的情况,对供应链敏捷力提出了新的要求。本文在全面梳理供应链敏捷力理论内涵的基础上,对新冠肺炎疫情期间283家复工复产企业进行调查,实证分析了决定供应链敏捷力的关键要素及其对供应链敏捷力的直接作用以及各要素之间的二阶交互调节作用。研究发现:市场响应对供应链敏捷力的正向促进作用不明显,但有显著的正向调节作用;物流服务则对供应链敏捷力正向促进作用明显,而正向调节作用几乎不存在;协调一致、供应能力、制造能力对供应链敏捷力均起正向作用,其中协调一致最为显著。在突发事件下,协调一致在某种形式上表现为“集中管理”模式,它有助于提高供需匹配的时效性。     

我国装备制造业自主创新之路

目前,我国装备制造业还没有完成承担起“装备中国”的重任,振兴装备制造业必须走自主创新之路：第一,要树立勇于自主创新的信心,以最大的决心培育创新能力;第二,要加大对装备制造企业自主创新的资金支持力度;第三,制定和完善政府首购和订购国产设备的政策措施;第四,进一步加强关键技术和共性技术研发;第五,要合理选择创新方向和创新模式;第六,要大力培育富有创新能力的各类人才;等等。     

黑龙江省装备制造业国际化发展研究

20世纪末以来,全球化进程的不断发展以极大的广度和深度渗透到传统产业。同时,对我国的装备制造业也带来了深远的影响。黑龙江省装备制造业,是抗美援朝战争时期从辽宁省北迁的一部分企业和“一五”、“二五”期间在重点建设项目的基础上发展起来的。随着国际化进程的加快,黑龙江省必须制定和调整装备制造业的国际化发展战略,积极参与国际竞争。     

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Singapore’s economic growth

Singapore’s remarkable success in economic development has been strongly associated with the country’s vigorous efforts to embrace the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution to promote economic growth. This study provides a comprehensive investigation of the contributions of ICT to Singapore’s economic growth during the 1990–2008 period. It documents three key findings. First, there is a strong positive association between the intensity of ICT use and value-added and labor productivity growth at the sector level. Second, ICT investment contributed approximately 1 percentage point to Singapore’s GDP during 1990–2008, and its role in driving economic growth has become increasingly important over time. Third, the contribution of the ICT manufacturing sector to Singapore’s growth was notable, but it was on the decline and faced difficult restructuring challenges. This paper also provides valuable policy lessons and strategic insights for governments in both developed and developing countries that aspire to embrace ICT to promote economic growth.     

Innovation and knowledge-intensive business service: the contribution of knowledge-intensive business service to innovation in manufacturing establishments

It is well established that knowledge-intensive business service (KIBS) firms can be innovators in their own right. It is also well established that KIBS can contribute to innovation in their client firms. This role of KIBS has been theorised, and some of the processes by which KIBS contribute to innovation have been scrutinised by way of case studies. However, there are few, if any, large-scale analyses that permit the two following questions to be addressed: (i) Do firms that use KIBS systematically introduce more innovations than those that do not? (ii) Is recourse to certain types of KIBS associated with certain types of innovation? Our survey of KIBS use across 804 manufacturing establishments in Quebec shows that KIBS contribute to their client's innovation – thereby confirming in a more general way what has been observed in case studies – but also that different types of KIBS contribute to different types of innovation.