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91.
Vladislav Valentinov 《Financial Accountability and Management》2011,27(1):32-42
This paper clarifies the nature of nonprofit accountability by distinguishing between the substantive and processual understandings of the public interest. The major theories of the nonprofit sector are shown to imply that this sector's activities correspond to the public interest only in its processual understanding, but not in the substantive one. Policy and management implications of this argument are discussed. 相似文献
92.
在新一代信息技术支撑下的智慧城市中,构建信息化资源共享的虚拟平台成为其信息转移和共享的有效途径。因此文章分析了信息作为生产要素在农业时代、工业时代、信息时代、智慧时代的表现形式及转移虚拟平台构建的必要性。在信息传递主体有限理性的情况下,将演化博弈理论引入到信息转移过程中形成政府与信息主体的收益矩阵,并研究虚拟平台在官管民营模式下,信息转移过程中资源主体和政府的复制动态方程及稳定状态点现实解释。用复制动态相位图表示政府和信息资源主体在转移共享和激励行为比例变化的复制动态关系,探讨四种情况下稳定状态的收敛性与抗扰动性。最后得出结论为不管任何状态下的复制动态关系和稳定性,政府通过调整战略和信息平台中的收益分配比重,既不影响信息主体的积极性,同时又能提高其收益,使博弈双方主体均有能力和动力推动信息转移共享,从而达到帕累托上策均衡。 相似文献
93.
We consider a model of stochastic evolution under general noisy best‐response protocols, allowing the probabilities of suboptimal choices to depend on their payoff consequences. Our analysis focuses on behavior in the small noise double limit: we first take the noise level in agents' decisions to zero, and then take the population size to infinity. We show that in this double limit, escape from and transitions between equilibria can be described in terms of solutions to continuous optimal control problems. These are used in turn to characterize the asymptotics of the stationary distribution, and so to determine the stochastically stable states. We use these results to perform a complete analysis of evolution in three‐strategy coordination games that satisfy the marginal bandwagon property and that have an interior equilibrium, with agents following the logit choice rule. 相似文献
94.
This article tests the Expectations Hypothesis (EH) using Brazilian monthly data for bond yields spanning the 2000–2017 sample period and ranging in maturity from 3 months to 5 years. Three tests are examined: the first is based on interest rates spread and the other two are based on the forward rates. On balance our results suggest rejection of the EH throughout the maturity spectrum examined, and are broadly consistent with previous findings that a linear combination of forward rates provides a statistically significant prediction of bond excess returns. 相似文献
95.
In this paper, we study the behavioural impact of religious priming by showing participants religious words in a scrambled sentence task before a dictator game and a joy‐of‐destruction game. We also elicited data on individual religiosity and religious affiliation using a questionnaire. Priming religious words significantly increased prosocial behaviour in the dictator game, and the effect was especially striking among those reporting no religion, atheists and agnostics. The religious prime has no significant effect in mitigating destructive behaviour or own expectations of the other's destruction choice, but both destructive behaviour and expectations correlate positively with the multi‐dimensional religiosity measure. 相似文献
96.
Manuchehr Irandoust 《Australian economic papers》2020,59(2):161-181
Previous studies have investigated asymmetries in the effects of monetary policy on the real economic activity by using either vector autoregressive (VAR)-based regime-switching models with smooth transition technique or Gaussian functions to parameterise the dynamic effects of structural shocks on the economy. These kinds of VAR models assume asymmetry as a short-run relationship between the series since the long-run neutrality hypothesis of money states that monetary policy can only affect productive capacity of the economy in the short run, but not in the long run. The recent theoretical literature shows that this hypothesis is not quite right. Thus, this paper examines the extent to which monetary policy has a long-run asymmetric effect on output in a number of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries by using a nonlinear hidden cointegration analysis within a likelihood-based panel framework. The findings indicate that there is a long-run relationship between the real interest rate as an indicator of monetary policy and the growth rate of real output in five countries out of nine under review. This gives support for the view that output has responded asymmetrically to the real interest rate changes. The economic implication of our results is that monetary policy affects positive and negative output fluctuations differently. 相似文献
97.
Chen Xiangman 《生态经济(英文版)》2006,2(1):47-54
1. IntroductionRiver basin is a typical natural region andcatchments of rivers or water systems, which takes ariver as its central line and is surrounded by dividingwater line, and it is an independent, self-systemic hy-drology unit from source to mouth of river with spe-cific scope in region. River basin is a special kind ofregion, in which all-natural factors have close relationwith each other and there is remarkable influence be-tween inter-regions, especially between upper andlower reaches… 相似文献
98.
Recent researches have shed light on the effect of cognitive ability on economic decision-making. By measuring cognitive ability applying Raven's progressive matrix test, we obtain two significant results that this effect affects decision-making in two types of experimental ultimatum games. First, the higher the cognitive ability, the larger the amount a sender offers when the offer is smaller than or equal to the half split. Second, the higher the responders’ cognitive ability, the smaller the offer they accept, when they accept it or not with the strategy method. This study not only finds new factors that affect decision-making in experimental ultimatum games, but also provides more evidences that cognitive ability influences economic decision-making. 相似文献
99.
生态旅游视角下景区居民利益诉求研究——以武陵源风景名胜区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
旅游业的发展涉及众多的利益相关者,研究、分析并处理好众多利益相关者的利益诉求,尤其是核心利益相关者之一的景区居民的利益诉求,对旅游业可持续发展非常关键。本文从生态旅游的角度,以生态旅游、利益相关者及利益诉求相关理论为基础,对武陵源风景名胜区的居民进行调查,利用EXCEL等数理统计的方法,研究生态旅游视角下景区居民的社会利益、文化利益和环境利益诉求,并在此基础上提出相关建议,为实现生态旅游视角下的景区居民利益诉求提供指导。 相似文献
100.
We investigate how investors should optimally choose to invest in a dynamically complete international market. We find closed-form solutions for the optimal investment strategy and for the wealth loss an investor suffers from not investing internationally. Theoretically, we show that the gain from international investment is due to the speculative investment only, and why it is important for an investor from a large economy to invest in a small economy. In a numerical example we compare the wealth losses investors from Denmark and the U.S. suffer due to home bias. 相似文献