借助国际合作提升我国制造业信息化软件水平--山东华天软件公司国际合作成果调研报告

作为现代化工业设计不可或缺的平台,三维计算机辅助设计（CAD）和辅助制造（CAM）软件是支撑工业发展的最重要的技术之一。长期以来,中国三维CAD/CAM软件市场主要被欧美软件所垄断。山东华天软件公司通过国际合作成功开发出我国第一款具有自主知识产权的三维CAD/CAM系统SINOVATION,一方面使国内企业的软件使用和维护成本大幅降低,另一方面也使制造业产品的创新能力得到显著提升。对该项国际合作项目进行了详尽介绍,希望该项目在技术和人才方面的合作经验能对国内其他企业有所借鉴。     

瑞士争取国际组织职员职位和培养国际职员的主要做法

为向国际组织输送所需人才,瑞士联邦政府推出了一个针对性很强的“国际组织青年职员培训计划”。外交部接受有志成为国际职员的大学生和毕业生提出的申请,并通过网站提供国际组织以及如何到国际组织去工作的相关信息。政府还广辟渠道,除定期在自己的网站上并利用欧洲就业服务网介绍联合国机构以及其他国际组织机构岗位空缺情况,每还举办一次计算机等级考试,为联合国P2岗位、日本IO岗位和国际银行选拔所需人才。瑞士选拔和培养国际职员的经验值得我国借鉴。     

国际合作是加速我国创新药研发的助推器——南京先声药业集团国际合作成果调研

中国是世界第三大药品市场,但新药研发能力低下,70％是仿制药,具有完全自主知识产权的创新药风毛麟角。南京先声药业集团积极开辰国际合作,吸引了大批海外高端人才,极大提升了研发能力,并成功开拓多种渠道获职新药,对促进我国新药研发模式进行了有益的探索。对先声药业集团国际合作＋持续投入研发＋顶尖开发团队的发展战略和实践经验进行介绍,其典型意义在于：世界医药行业正处在一种求变的局势中,各个方面都有着可待开发的机遇;中国药企应大力开展国际合作,主动逐步融入全球健康产业链,成为其中不可缺少的中坚力量;抓住中国的国际机会,在国际合作中获得国内定价权。     

International Trade as Determined by Income and Income Distribution

Abstract

In standard trade theory, consumption is normally assumed to be homothetic. Consequently, income and its distribution have no role in determining international trade patterns. This paper examines the assumption and its implications. The assumption of homothetic preferences is rejected at the 1% level. It further demonstrates that the Heckscher–Ohlin–Vanek (HOV) model modified by allowing for non-homothetic taste improves the performance of HOV prediction and explains some of the trade puzzles and paradoxes.     

Nonlinear Mean Reversion across National Stock Markets: Evidence from Emerging Asian Markets

This paper seeks empirical evidence of nonlinear mean-reversion in relative national stock price indices for Emerging Asian countries. It is well known that conventional linear unit root tests suffer from low power against the stationary nonlinear alternative. Implementing the nonlinear unit root tests proposed by Kapetanios et al. (2003 Kapetanios, G., Shin, Y. and Snell, A. 2003. Testing for a unit root in the nonlinear STAR framework. Journal of Econometrics, 112: 359–379. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) and Cerrato et al. (2009 Cerrato, M., de Peretti, C., Larsson, R. and Sarantis, N. 2009. “A nonlinear panel unit root test under cross section dependence”. Working Papers 28, Department of Economics, University of Glasgow [Google Scholar]) for the relative stock prices of Emerging Asian markets, we find strong evidence of nonlinear mean reversion, whereas linear tests fail to reject the unit root null for most cases. We also report some evidence that stock markets in China and Taiwan are highly localized.     

Micro evidence on international patenting

Globalization, high growth rates in high-tech industries, growing emerging markets and harmonization of patent institutions across countries have stimulated patenting in foreign markets. We use a simple model of international patenting, where the decision to patent in a foreign country depends on country characteristics and the quality of the patented invention. With access to a detailed database on individual patents owned by small Swedish firms and inventors, we are able to estimate some of these relationships and test their validity. Our results indicate that the propensity to apply for international patent protection increases with indicators of the quality of the invention, technological rivalry and market size in the host market.     

How to rescue a failing pension regime: the British case

Recent analysis on New Regionalism has, for Björn Hettne, raised important ontological questions over ‘what we study when we study regionalism’. The paper contributes to this debate by focusing on the shared beliefs, norms and rituals that hold a region together. Working between the New Regionalism literature and thinking on international regimes, this paper – to paraphrase Friedrich Kratochwil and John Ruggie – outlines the ‘inescapable inter-subjective quality’ of a region. This focus on inter-subjectivity seeks to improve on existing approaches that consider shared social structures as already fixed, and/or as autonomous constructs operating over and above regional actors. In order to appreciate how inter-subjective structures and regional agents interact with each other, the paper explores the social construction of Latin America. Specifically, it examines the politics of regionness – understood here in relation to identity, space and agents – to demonstrate how various regional actors operate within, and reconstruct, shared meaning. In so doing, it interrogates the practices that govern and continually produce the region.     

欧盟气候政策的利益导向及对中国的启示

自20世纪90年代以来,欧盟一直是全球气候谈判的主导者,其低碳技术领先全球,将世界各国尤其是美国、中国等排放大国纳入其主导的全球气候谈判体系符合欧盟三大布局主导下的核心战略目标.全球气候谈判的焦灼,迫使欧盟通过欧盟—拉美峰会、非加太—欧盟联合大会等平台,拉拢利益合作伙伴,以增加其主导气候谈判走向的砝码.欧盟气候政策的转变,削弱了气候谈判中以中国为代表的发展中国家谈判阵营的力量,使中国日益面临谈判伙伴减少,乃至被孤立的风险,增加了未来的谈判压力和难度.为此,中国要加紧对欧盟气候外交长期战略布局的研究,密切关注欧盟今后的气候外交政策动向,制定长期气候外交政策战略,同时加紧国内低碳转型的速度与力度.     

国际多元化、控股股东与公司增长

本文利用2009年-2011年中国制造业上市公司的数据实证研究了国际多元化与公司增长之间的关系,并与行业多元化进行比较分析。结果发现,国际多元化与公司增长之间存在统计上显著的正相关关系,而行业多元化与公司增长之间不存在统计上显著的关系。进一步分析表明。国际多元化与公司增长之间的正相关关系仅存在于无控股股东的企业。这从侧面反映了所有者与管理者之间的委托代理问题。在跨国公司内部,国际多元化程度与公司增长之间存在先下降后上升然后再下降的水平的S型关系。     

中国税制的国际竞争力研究

国际税收竞争是经济全球化发展的产物,是各国以税收为载体、以促进本国经济增长为目的的竞争,其实质是经济竞争。在此,基于国际税收竞争视角,重点对中国税制的国际竞争力进行评析,分析表明中国税制具有一定的国际竞争力,但诸多方面仍有待完善。在此基础上,借鉴国际经验建立具有竞争性的中国税制,确定合理的宏观税负水平,同时还需加强"税收文化"的建设,建立国际税收协调机制,以应对日益激烈的国际税收竞争。